A Comparative Study on Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Texture-Based Feature Extraction Techniques

2017 ◽  
pp. 242-271
Author(s):  
Azam Asilian Bidgoli ◽  
Hossein Ebrahimpour-Komleh ◽  
Seyed Jalaleddin Mousavirad
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Support System ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Eye Disorders

Diabetic retinopathy is proved to be one of the most important eye disorders in recent decades that late diagnosis of it may cause low vision or even blindness. Specialist are able to detect retinopathy in retinal images using machine learning as a decision support system which helps accelerate and facilitate the diagnosis. The automated diabetic retinopathy is a difficult computer vision problem –with the goal of detecting features of retinopathy. The present chapter is written with the purpose of analyzing and comparing different feature extraction methods to evaluate the best algorithm for detection retinopathy with least error. Extracted features using these methods are used to classify images into normal and altered groups.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Texture-Based Feature Extraction Techniques

Ophthalmology ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 122-152
Author(s):  
Azam Asilian Bidgoli ◽  
Hossein Ebrahimpour-Komleh ◽  
Seyed Jalaleddin Mousavirad
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Support System ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Eye Disorders

Diabetic retinopathy is proved to be one of the most important eye disorders in recent decades that late diagnosis of it may cause low vision or even blindness. Specialist are able to detect retinopathy in retinal images using machine learning as a decision support system which helps accelerate and facilitate the diagnosis. The automated diabetic retinopathy is a difficult computer vision problem –with the goal of detecting features of retinopathy. The present chapter is written with the purpose of analyzing and comparing different feature extraction methods to evaluate the best algorithm for detection retinopathy with least error. Extracted features using these methods are used to classify images into normal and altered groups.

scholarly journals Development of Machine Learning Models to Predict Compressed Sward Height in Walloon Pastures Based on Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 and Meteorological Data Using Multiple Data Transformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Charles Nickmilder ◽  
Anthony Tedde ◽  
Isabelle Dufrasne ◽  
Françoise Lessire ◽  
Bernard Tychon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Support System ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Data Transformations ◽  
Independent Validation ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Machine Learning Models ◽  
Sentinel 2

Accurate information about the available standing biomass on pastures is critical for the adequate management of grazing and its promotion to farmers. In this paper, machine learning models are developed to predict available biomass expressed as compressed sward height (CSH) from readily accessible meteorological, optical (Sentinel-2) and radar satellite data (Sentinel-1). This study assumed that combining heterogeneous data sources, data transformations and machine learning methods would improve the robustness and the accuracy of the developed models. A total of 72,795 records of CSH with a spatial positioning, collected in 2018 and 2019, were used and aggregated according to a pixel-like pattern. The resulting dataset was split into a training one with 11,625 pixellated records and an independent validation one with 4952 pixellated records. The models were trained with a 19-fold cross-validation. A wide range of performances was observed (with mean root mean square error (RMSE) of cross-validation ranging from 22.84 mm of CSH to infinite-like values), and the four best-performing models were a cubist, a glmnet, a neural network and a random forest. These models had an RMSE of independent validation lower than 20 mm of CSH at the pixel-level. To simulate the behavior of the model in a decision support system, performances at the paddock level were also studied. These were computed according to two scenarios: either the predictions were made at a sub-parcel level and then aggregated, or the data were aggregated at the parcel level and the predictions were made for these aggregated data. The results obtained in this study were more accurate than those found in the literature concerning pasture budgeting and grassland biomass evaluation. The training of the 124 models resulting from the described framework was part of the realization of a decision support system to help farmers in their daily decision making.

scholarly journals Machine learning, waveform preprocessing and feature extraction methods for classification of acoustic startle waveforms

MethodsX ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 101166
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Fawcett ◽  
Chad S. Cooper ◽  
Ryan J. Longenecker ◽  
Joseph P. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Acoustic Startle ◽  
Extraction Methods

Headnote Prediction Using Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmad Mahar ◽  
Sahar Zafar ◽  
Kamran Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Text Classification ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Text Summarization ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Classification Algorithms

Headnotes are the precise explanation and summary of legal points in an issued judgment. Law journals hire experienced lawyers to write these headnotes. These headnotes help the reader quickly determine the issue discussed in the case. Headnotes comprise two parts. The first part comprises the topic discussed in the judgment, and the second part contains a summary of that judgment. In this thesis, we design, develop and evaluate headnote prediction using machine learning, without involving human involvement. We divided this task into a two steps process. In the first step, we predict law points used in the judgment by using text classification algorithms. The second step generates a summary of the judgment using text summarization techniques. To achieve this task, we created a Databank by extracting data from different law sources in Pakistan. We labelled training data generated based on Pakistan law websites. We tested different feature extraction methods on judiciary data to improve our system. Using these feature extraction methods, we developed a dictionary of terminology for ease of reference and utility. Our approach achieves 65% accuracy by using Linear Support Vector Classification with tri-gram and without stemmer. Using active learning our system can continuously improve the accuracy with the increased labelled examples provided by the users of the system.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF FEATURE EXTRACTION METHODS ON MACHINE LEARNING

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Mustazzihim Suhaidi ◽  
Rabiah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Sabrina Tiun
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Feature Vector ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Low Dimensional

Extracting features from input data is vital for successful classification and machine learning tasks. Classification is the process of declaring an object into one of the predefined categories. Many different feature selection and feature extraction methods exist, and they are being widely used. Feature extraction, obviously, is a transformation of large input data into a low dimensional feature vector, which is an input to classification or a machine learning algorithm. The task of feature extraction has major challenges, which will be discussed in this paper. The challenge is to learn and extract knowledge from text datasets to make correct decisions. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of methods used in feature extraction for various applications, with a dataset containing a collection of texts taken from social media.

scholarly journals Decision Support System for Stock Portfolio Selection Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Sandeep Patalay ◽  
Madhusudhan Rao Bandlamudi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Portfolio Selection ◽  
Support System ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Stock Portfolio

Investing in stock market requires in-depth knowledge of finance and stock market dynamics. Stock Portfolio Selection and management involve complex financial analysis and decision making policies. An Individual investor seeking to invest in stock portfolio is need of a support system which can guide him to create a portfolio of stocks based on sound financial analysis. In this paper the authors designed a Financial Decision Support System (DSS) for creating and managing a portfolio of stock which is based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine learning (ML) and combining the traditional approach of mathematical models. We believe this a unique approach to perform stock portfolio, the results of this study are quite encouraging as the stock portfolios created by the DSS are based on strong financial health indices which in turn are giving Return on Investment (ROI) in the range of more than 11% in the short term and more than 61% in the long term, therefore beating the market index by a factor of 15%. This system has the potential to help millions of Individual Investors who can make their financial decisions on stocks and may eventually contribute to a more efficient financial system.

scholarly journals Amino Acid k-mer Feature Extraction for Quantitative Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Prediction by Machine Learning and Model Interpretation for Biological Insights

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Taha ValizadehAslani ◽  
Zhengqiao Zhao ◽  
Bahrad A. Sokhansanj ◽  
Gail L. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Model Interpretation ◽  
New Feature

Machine learning algorithms can learn mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance from the data of DNA sequence without any a priori information. Interpreting a trained machine learning algorithm can be exploited for validating the model and obtaining new information about resistance mechanisms. Different feature extraction methods, such as SNP calling and counting nucleotide k-mers have been proposed for presenting DNA sequences to the model. However, there are trade-offs between interpretability, computational complexity and accuracy for different feature extraction methods. In this study, we have proposed a new feature extraction method, counting amino acid k-mers or oligopeptides, which provides easier model interpretation compared to counting nucleotide k-mers and reaches the same or even better accuracy in comparison with different methods. Additionally, we have trained machine learning algorithms using different feature extraction methods and compared the results in terms of accuracy, model interpretability and computational complexity. We have built a new feature selection pipeline for extraction of important features so that new AMR determinants can be discovered by analyzing these features. This pipeline allows the construction of models that only use a small number of features and can predict resistance accurately.

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