An Update on Theories and Treatment of Sex Offenders

Sex Offences

This chapter aims to provide an overview of the theories and treatments of sex offenders. Sex offence is a major public health and social problem, a violation of human right and has innumerable consequence for the victim, including the community at large. It becomes important for health service providers and policy makers to understand this problem, which is not yet clearly understood. This chapter discusses the concept and definitions of sex offences, briefing on the main theories of sexual offence and treatments. Though many theories and treatments are available, more researches are required for the causes, prevention and interventions of sexual offences to have better clarity in the causes and effectiveness of treatments.

Developing a tool to assess motivation among health service providers working with public health system in India

Human Resources for Health ◽

10.1186/s12960-016-0111-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bhaskar Purohit ◽

Abhishek Maneskar ◽

Deepak Saxena

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Service ◽

Health System ◽

Service Providers ◽

Public Health System ◽

Assessment of cervical cancer services and cervical cancer related knowledge of health service providers in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4701-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Firdawek Getahun ◽

Adamu Addissie ◽

Shiferaw Negash ◽

Gebrekiros Gebremichael

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Health Service ◽

Service Providers ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Health Providers ◽

Public Health Facilities ◽

Cancer Services

Abstract Objective To assess cervical cancer services and knowledge of health service providers in public health facilities. Result Two of the three hospitals had cervical cancer screening services. One-third of the hospital had cervical cancer diagnosis service punch biopsy and cervical cancer treatment. Majority, 289 (93.5%) of study participants said cervical cancer was a preventable disease. Having multiple sexual partners 257 (83.2%) and post coital bleeding 251 (81.2%), were the most mentioned risk factor and clinical manifestation of cervical cancer respectively. Majority of the participants were aware of the correct time to start screening 291 (70.5%), and only 95 (25.9%) knew the screening intervals. Overall, 165 (53.4%) of health providers scored below the mean knowledge level score. Females had better knowledge about cervical cancer than males (X2 = 8.4, P = 0.003).

Health Service Providers’ Behaviors toward Youth Clients

Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.3126/jhp.v6i0.21805 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 60-69

Author(s):

Shanti Prasad Khanal

Keyword(s):

Health Service ◽

Sample Size ◽

Service Provider ◽

Service Providers ◽

Operating Time ◽

Sampling Strategy ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Care Seeking ◽

Human Right ◽

This study has attempted to assess the behavior of health service providers during delivering the services to school and college going youths. The study followed the descriptive study design and it was based on quantitative data. The study utilized self administrated questionnaire for 249 college and school going youths aged 10 to 24 of secondary level in Surkhet valley. The study applied simple random sampling strategy to select the participants from selected area. The researcher determined the sample size by using Raosoft Sample Size Calculator. It was found that about one-third (36.94%) of the total recruited youths had utilized YFRH services. It was also found that 60% of them who had utilized the services reflected that the service providers were not friendly and welcoming. Forty percent youths noted that the service providers were judgmental and unfriendly. Almost all participants indicated that young people usually come to the service provider with considerable fear, often with worry about privacy and confidentiality. Majority (54.35%) of youths claimed that operating time of the service was inconvenient. Majority reported that the time spent by the service provider was very short and waiting time to meet the providers was too long. Majority (51.08%) reported that the time spent by the providers was very short. This study concludes that the behavior of the service provider seems unfriendly and unwelcoming for youth clients. This constitutes key deterrents to care seeking and the violations the human right. Addressing the service provider behaviors is, therefore, critical and significant.Journal of Health Promotion Vol.6 2008, p.60-69

Cancer, disability and public health service providers: better education through informatics and the Supercourse

International Journal of Public Policy ◽

10.1504/ijpp.2010.035128 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 6 (3/4) ◽

pp. 247

Author(s):

Faina Linkov ◽

Ronald LaPorte ◽

Katherine D. Seelman

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Service ◽

Public Health Service ◽

Service Providers ◽

Barriers to Receiving the Recommended Standard Care During Pregnancy by Illiterate Women in Rural, Northern Tanzania

10.21203/rs.3.rs-58902/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dismas Matovelo ◽

Pendo Ndaki ◽

Victoria Yohani ◽

Rose Laisser ◽

Respicious Bakalemwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Service ◽

Patient Care ◽

Service Providers ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Continuity Of Patient Care ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Health Messaging

Abstract Background: In 2017, an estimated 540 women in Sub-Saharan Africa died every day from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. To stem this public-health crisis, the WHO recommends a maternal and neonatal health continuity of patient care, yet most women do not meet this recommendation. Surveys suggest that illiteracy limits uptake of the proposed maternal-newborn package, yet little is known about the association between illiteracy and healthcare seeking, particularly in rural regions of low-income countries. This knowledge gap compromises the ability of public health experts and healthcare providers to provide culturally relevant policy and practice. To begin to address this gap this study explores the experiences related to care-seeking by illiterate, pregnant women in rural Tanzania.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in four communities encompassing eight focus group discussions with 81 illiterate women, 13 interviews with illiterate women of reproductive age and seven interviews with members of these communities perceived to have some influence on women’s decisions concerning perinatal care services. Themes were coded and their relative importance determined using frequency reports and cross-tabulations. Findings: Three key themes emerged, illiterate women (1) could not read their healthcare cards or public health messaging; (2) spoke the local language, not Swahili, the language used by healthcare providers, and (3) have endeavored to develop coping strategies to overcome these obstacles. In addition, health service providers are often unaware of who is illiterate.Recommendations: More health needs of this group could be met, in the short term, by developing a protocol for health service providers to determine who is illiterate, providing translation services for those unable to speak Swahili, and graphic public health messaging that does not require literacy. In the long term, this barrier may be addressed by ensuring that all Tanzanians receive a high-quality, formal education, supporting community health workers, and recruiting healthcare providers from rural areas. A failure of to address the needs of this at-risk group will likely mean that they will continue to experience barriers to achieving the recommended continuity of patient care with detrimental health outcomes for both mothers and newborns.

More public health service providers are experiencing job burnout than clinical care providers in primary care facilities in China

Human Resources for Health ◽

10.1186/s12960-020-00538-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shan Lu ◽

Liang Zhang ◽

Niek Klazinga ◽

Dionne Kringos

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Primary Care ◽

Health Service ◽

Public Health Service ◽

Service Providers ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Job Burnout ◽

Care Providers ◽

Care Facilities

Abstract Background Health workers are at high risk of job burnout. Primary care in China has recently expanded its scope of services to a broader range of public health services in addition to clinical care. This study aims to measure the prevalence of burnout and identify its associated factors among clinical care and public health service providers at primary care facilities. Methods A cross-sectional survey (2018) was conducted among 17,816 clinical care and public health service providers at 701 primary care facilities from six provinces. Burnout was measured by the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Scale, and multilevel linear regression analysis was conducted to identify burnout’s association with demographics, as well as occupational and organisational factors. Results Overall, half of the providers (50.09%) suffered from burnout. Both the presence of burnout and the proportion of severe burnout among public health service providers (58.06% and 5.25%) were higher than among clinical care providers (47.55% and 2.26%, respectively). Similar factors were associated with burnout between clinical care and public health service providers. Younger, male, lower-educated providers and providers with intermediate professional title, permanent contract or higher working hours were related to a higher level of burnout. Organisational environment, such as the presence of a performance-based salary system, affected job burnout. Conclusions Job burnout is prevalent among different types of primary care providers in China, indicating the need for actions that encompass the entirety of primary care. We recommend strengthening the synergy between clinical care and public health services and transforming the performance-based salary system into a more quality-based system that includes teamwork incentives.

Management of chronic hepatitis B in the Torres Strait Islands: an identified need for a comprehensive public health approach to chronic hepatitis B in remote Australian Indigenous communities

Australian Journal of Primary Health ◽

10.1071/py12130 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 273 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jack Wallace ◽

Marian Pitts ◽

James Ward ◽

Stephen McNally

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Health Service ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Health Workforce ◽

Service Providers ◽

Indigenous Communities ◽

Torres Strait

We aimed to document how health service providers in the Torres Strait Island region of northern Australia respond to chronic hepatitis B, and to identify priorities for the effective clinical management of the infection. Semi-structured qualitative interviews with 61 health service providers were conducted in 2011 in the Torres Strait and north Queensland region to explore issues affecting chronic hepatitis B management. Two critical issues were identified affecting the health service response to chronic hepatitis B: (i) the absence of a systems-based approach to clinically managing the infection; and (ii) variable knowledge about the infection by the health workforce. Other issues identified were competing and more urgent health priorities, the silent nature of chronic hepatitis B infection at an individual and systems level, inadequate resources and the transient health workforce. While people living in the Torres Strait region are screened, diagnosed and informed that they are infected with chronic hepatitis B, there is an ad hoc approach to its clinical management. An effective and coordinated public health response to this infection in remote and isolated Australian Indigenous communities needs to be developed and resourced. Critical elements of this response will include the development of clinical guidelines and workforce development.

Homeless Canadians’ Perspectives on Homelessness in Calgary

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences ◽

10.5590/jsbhs.2020.14.1.08 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Edith N. Ahajumobi ◽

Peter B. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Service ◽

First Nations ◽

Cognitive Theory ◽

Public Health Service ◽

Service Providers ◽

Symbolic Interaction ◽

Government Support ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Since the 1990s, homelessness has increased in Canada, but the strategies of the government and public health service providers to manage the situation have had limited success. Researchers have also noted the lack of inclusion of those experiencing homelessness in homelessness research to better understand and develop a solution to the issue. In the present study, this is addressed through inclusion of homeless participants from diverse backgrounds. The purpose of this phenomenological study, framed by social cognitive theory, reciprocal determinism, and symbolic interaction, was to understand homelessness from the perspectives of people who do not have homes. Data were collected from open-ended interviews with a purposeful sample of 15 individuals who were homeless. Several themes emerged after interview data were transcribed via hand coding and analyzed using cognitive data analysis. The prominent themes were lack of money, home, privacy, and support; discrimination directed primarily toward First Nations people and those of African descent; mental illness and addiction; the need for a review of housing policy that addresses rent, mortgage qualification criteria, and house tax; and the creation of awareness of government support systems and the services that they provide. Public health service providers and designated authorities can use the findings of this study to understand the phenomenon from the perspective of people who are experiencing homelessness, which can influence the development of better homelessness reduction strategies that could improve the lives of those experiencing homelessness and their communities. Because homelessness is a public health issue, bringing it under control could positively impact the health and safety of the public.