Healthcare-Internet of Things and Its Components

2021 ◽  
pp. 258-277
Author(s):  
Aman Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Iot Devices

Elderly population in the Asian countries is increasing at a very fast rate. Lack of healthcare resources and infrastructure in many countries makes the task of provding proper healthcare difficult. Internet of things (IoT) in healthcare can address the problem effectively. Patient care is possible at home using IoT devices. IoT devices are used to collect different types of data. Various algorithms may be used to analyse data. IoT devices are connected to the internet and all the data of the patients with various health reports are available online and hence security issues arise. IoT sensors, IoT communication technologies, IoT gadgets, components of IoT, IoT layers, cloud and fog computing, benefits of IoT, IoT-based algorithms, IoT security issues, and IoT challenges are discussed in the chapter. Nowadays global epidemic COVID19 has demolished the economy and health services of all the countries worldwide. Usefulness of IoT in COVID19-related issues is explained here.

scholarly journals IoT Security Configurability with Security-by-Contract

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Giaretta ◽  
Nicola Dragoni ◽  
Fabio Massacci
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Work First ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Cybersecurity is one of the biggest challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, as well as one of its most embarrassing failures. As a matter of fact, nowadays IoT devices still exhibit various shortcomings. For example, they lack secure default configurations and sufficient security configurability. They also lack rich behavioural descriptions, failing to list provided and required services. To answer this problem, we envision a future where IoT devices carry behavioural contracts and Fog nodes store network policies. One requirement is that contract consistency must be easy to prove. Moreover, contracts must be easy to verify against network policies. In this paper, we propose to combine the security-by-contract (S × C) paradigm with Fog computing to secure IoT devices. Following our previous work, first we formally define the pillars of our proposal. Then, by means of a running case study, we show that we can model communication flows and prevent information leaks. Last, we show that our contribution enables a holistic approach to IoT security, and that it can also prevent unexpected chains of events.

scholarly journals Design a blockchain-based middleware layer in the Internet of Things Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Generation Computing ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In next-generation computing, the role of cloud, internet and smart devices will be capacious. Nowadays we all are familiar with the word smart. This word is used a number of times in our daily life. The Internet of Things (IoT) will produce remarkable different kinds of information from different resources. It can store big data in the cloud. The fog computing acts as an interface between cloud and IoT. The extension of fog in this framework works on physical things under IoT. The IoT devices are called fog nodes, they can have accessed anywhere within the range of the network. The blockchain is a novel approach to record the transactions in a sequence securely. Developing a new blockchains based middleware framework in the architecture of the Internet of Things is one of the critical issues of wireless networking where resolving such an issue would result in constant growth in the use and popularity of IoT. The proposed research creates a framework for providing the middleware framework in the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using blockchains technology. Our main contribution links a new study that integrates blockchains to the Internet of things and provides communication security to the internet of smart devices.

Towards the Integration of Blockchain and IoT for Security Challenges in IoT

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Venkata Rathnam T. ◽  
Venkata Ramana R. ◽  
M. Sudhakara ◽  
Ravi Kumar Poluru
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Secure Systems ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet of things (IoT) technology plays a vital role in the current technologies because IoT develops a network by integrating different kinds of objects and sensors to create the communication among objects directly without human interaction. With the presence of internet of things technology in our daily comes smart thinking and various advantages. At the same time, secure systems have been a most important concern for the protection of information systems and networks. However, adopting traditional security management systems in the internet of things leads several issues due to the limited privacy and policies like privacy standards, protocol stacks, and authentication rules. Usually, IoT devices has limited network capacities, storage, and computing processors. So they are having more chances to attacks. Data security, privacy, and reliability are three main challenges in the IoT security domain. To address the solutions for the above issues, IoT technology has to provide advanced privacy and policies in this large incoming data source. Blockchain is one of the trending technologies in the privacy management to provide the security. So this chapter is focused on the blockchain technologies which can be able to solve several IoT security issues. This review mainly focused on the state-of-the-art IoT security issues and vulnerabilities by existing review works in the IoT security domains. The taxonomy is presented about security issues in the view of communication, architecture, and applications. Also presented are the challenges of IoT security management systems. The main aim of this chapter is to describe the importance of blockchain technology in IoT security systems. Finally, it highlights the future directions of blockchain technology roles in IoT systems, which can be helpful for further improvements.

scholarly journals IoT-Fog-Cloud system architecture for big data analysis and cybersecurity systems: a review of fog computing, the introduction to the Internet of Things audit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Kolisnyk ◽  
◽  
K. S. Misevych ◽  
S. V. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The article considers the issues of system architecture IoT-Fog-Cloud, considers the interaction between the three levels of IoT, Fog and Cloud for the effective implementation of programs for big data analysis and cybersecurity. The article also discusses security issues, solutions and directions for future research in the field of the Internet of Things and nebulous computing.

scholarly journals A Novel Fog-IoT based Framework for Improving Performance of Cloud Computing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 889-895
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet-of-Things (IoT) has been considered as a fundamental part of our day by day existence with billions of IoT devices gathering information remotely and can interoperate within the current Internet framework. Fog computing is nothing but cloud computing to the extreme of network security. It provides computation and storage services via CSP (Cloud Service Provider) to end devices in the Internet of Things (IoT). Fog computing allows the data storing and processing any nearby network devices or nearby cloud endpoint continuum. Using fog computing, the designer can reduce the computation architecture of the IoT devices. Unfortunitily, this new paradigm IoT-Fog faces numerous new privacy and security issues, like authentication and authorization, secure communication, information confidentiality. Despite the fact that the customary cloud-based platform can even utilize heavyweight cryptosystem to upgrade security, it can't be performed on fog devices drectly due to reseource constraints. Additionally, a huge number of smart fog devices are fiercely disseminated and situated in various zones, which expands the danger of being undermined by some pernicious gatherings. Trait Based Encryption (ABE) is an open key encryption conspire that enables clients to scramble and unscramble messages dependent on client qualities, which ensures information classification and hearty information get to control. Be that as it may, its computational expense for encryption and unscrambling stage is straightforwardly corresponding to the multifaceted nature of the arrangements utilized. The points is to assess the planning, CPU burden, and memory burden, and system estimations all through each phase of the cloud-to-things continuum amid an analysis for deciding highlights from a finger tapping exercise for Parkinson's Disease patients. It will be appeared there are confinements to the proposed testbeds when endeavoring to deal with upwards of 35 customers at the same time. These discoveries lead us to a proper conveyance of handling the leaves the Intel NUC as the most suitable fog gadget. While the Intel Edison and Raspberry Pi locate a superior balance at in the edge layer, crossing over correspondence conventions and keeping up a self-mending network topology for "thing" devices in the individual territory organize.

scholarly journals Security Issues and Challenges in IOT: a Comprehensive Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.32) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bhargavi ◽  
Dr M.Nagabhushana Rao
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Continuous Support ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a revolutionary model, with rising wireless sensor network technology. In IoT network devices are connected and communicated with each other or with human. IoT is extremely available to security assaults. In recent years, the internet of things has a continuous support in research. In the upcoming scenario, IoT will play an important role and changes our day-to-day life, principles as well as industry models. In this paper we provide ensuring security of data exchange, IoT architecture and IoT Security architecture, applications, drawbacks of IoT. We study about various security issues, Problems, normal and Denial of service attacks in different layers, issues and research defy in IoT are also discussed.   

scholarly journals COSMOS: Collaborative, Seamless and Adaptive Sentinel for the Internet of Things

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantaleone Nespoli ◽  
David Useche Pelaez ◽  
Daniel Díaz López ◽  
Félix Gómez Mármol
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real World ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Dynamic Scenario ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) became established during the last decade as an emerging technology with considerable potentialities and applicability. Its paradigm of everything connected together penetrated the real world, with smart devices located in several daily appliances. Such intelligent objects are able to communicate autonomously through already existing network infrastructures, thus generating a more concrete integration between real world and computer-based systems. On the downside, the great benefit carried by the IoT paradigm in our life brings simultaneously severe security issues, since the information exchanged among the objects frequently remains unprotected from malicious attackers. The paper at hand proposes COSMOS (Collaborative, Seamless and Adaptive Sentinel for the Internet of Things), a novel sentinel to protect smart environments from cyber threats. Our sentinel shields the IoT devices using multiple defensive rings, resulting in a more accurate and robust protection. Additionally, we discuss the current deployment of the sentinel on a commodity device (i.e., Raspberry Pi). Exhaustive experiments are conducted on the sentinel, demonstrating that it performs meticulously even in heavily stressing conditions. Each defensive layer is tested, reaching a remarkable performance, thus proving the applicability of COSMOS in a distributed and dynamic scenario such as IoT. With the aim of easing the enjoyment of the proposed sentinel, we further developed a friendly and ease-to-use COSMOS App, so that end-users can manage sentinel(s) directly using their own devices (e.g., smartphone).

Addressing Security Issues of the Internet of Things Using Physically Unclonable Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 333-350
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Sultan ◽  
Mohammad Tariq Banday
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Hardware Security ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Physically Unclonable Functions ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The spatial ubiquity and the huge number of employed nodes monitoring the surroundings, individuals, and devices makes security a key challenge in IoT. Serious security apprehensions are evolving in terms of data authenticity, integrity, and confidentiality. Consequently, IoT requires security to be assured down to the hardware level, as the authenticity and the integrity need to be guaranteed in terms of the hardware implementation of each IoT node. Physically unclonable functions recreate the keys only while the chip is being powered on, replacing the conventional key storage which requires storing information. Compared to extrinsic key storage, they are able to generate intrinsic keys and are far less susceptible against physical attacks. Physically unclonable functions have drawn considerable attention due to their ability to economically introduce hardware-level security into individual silicon dice. This chapter introduces the notion of physically unclonable functions, their scenarios for hardware security in IoT devices, and their interaction with traditional cryptography.

Blockchain With the Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
pp. 202-228
Author(s):  
Kamalendu Pal
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Enterprise Information ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things (IoT) is ushering a new age of technology-driven automation of information systems into the manufacturing industry. One of the main concerns with IoT systems is the lack of privacy and security preserving schemes for controlling access and ensuring the safety of the data. Many security issues arise because of the centralized architecture of IoT-based information systems. Another concern is the lack of appropriate authentication and access control schemes to moderate the access to information generated by the IoT devices in the manufacturing industry. Hence, the question that arises is how to ensure the identity of the manufacturing machinery or the communication nodes. This chapter presents the advantages of blockchain technology to secure the operation of the modern manufacturing industry in a trustless environment with IoT applications. The chapter reviews the challenges and threats in IoT applications and how integration with blockchain can resolve some of the manufacturing enterprise information systems (EIS).

Key Management Scheme for Internet of Things Using an Elliptic Curve

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soram Ranbir Singh ◽  
Khan Kumar Ajoy
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Key Management ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Iot Devices

With the advancements in wireless internet technology, a new computing ecosystem, the Internet of Things(IoT), has ushered in numerous devices in many areas in our life as well as in industries. The IoT is a computing notion that describes a scenario in which objects we use everyday are accessible using the internet and can be controlled from anywhere (Kung, Y.F., et al., 2018. Home Monitoring System Based Internet of Things. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied System Invention (ICASI), April; IEEE. pp.325–327; Singh, S. and Singh, N., 2015. Internet of Things (IoT): Security Challenges, Business Opportunities and Reference Architecture for E-Commerce. 2015 International Conference on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT), October; IEEE. pp.1577–1581). It could comprise devices with sensors to gather and broadcast data over the Internet (Singh, S. and Singh, N., 2015. Internet of Things (IoT): Security Challenges, Business Opportunities and Reference Architecture for E-Commerce. 2015 International Conference on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT), October; IEEE. pp.1577–1581). As per report of the research firm Gartner, the number of IoT objects will surpass 11.2 billion by 2018, and 20.4 billion by 2020. By 2020, the IoT industries will make revenue of almost 3 trillion US Dollars. As IoT devices are largely used in various areas of importance, it will definitely bring a lot of interests to hackers. It is worthwhile to quote here that hackers took away more than Rs 78 crore by hacking into router of Cosmos Bank based in Pune by duplicating debit cards in August, 2018. They carried out about 12 thousand unethical transactions worth Rs 78 crore in 28 countries. Hence, it is necessary to consider data privacy so that we can protect the data with limited system resource and technology. This paper proposes a new key management scheme with entity authentication for IoT devices. The proposed scheme uses modified Tate pairing. The presented scheme is apposite for IoT devices such as sensor networks due to their lower computational requirements.

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