Risk Management and Risk Communication in the Case of Vector-Borne Disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Sekovska Blagica ◽  
Stefanovska Jovana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fevers ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Model

Change in environmental and socio-economic, emerging zoonotic diseases will be an increasing challenge for public health in Europe and in Macedonia also. The risks and consequences triggered by vector-borne diseases (VBD) for public health in Macedonia are just starting to emerge in public awareness. This is clearly shown by recent events such as spread of hemorrhagic fevers in Europe. The term “public health” in the scope of this chapter suggests re-conceptualization of public health by adapting the risk governance framework developed by the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC) for this purpose. The IRGC approach is distinguished from more classical risk governance approaches, inter alia, by an explicit inclusion of a systematic concern assessment. However, unfortunately, not all countries are adapted on this innovative public health model. This chapter shows results of a risk management study based on interview in depth with the officials regard public health risk, in frame of one health concept in the Republic of Macedonia.

Risk Management and Risk Communication in the Case of Vector-Borne Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 714-725
Author(s):  
Sekovska Blagica ◽  
Stefanovska Jovana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fevers ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Model

Change in environmental and socio-economic, emerging zoonotic diseases will be an increasing challenge for public health in Europe and in Macedonia also. The risks and consequences triggered by vector-borne diseases (VBD) for public health in Macedonia are just starting to emerge in public awareness. This is clearly shown by recent events such as spread of hemorrhagic fevers in Europe. The term “public health” in the scope of this chapter suggests re-conceptualization of public health by adapting the risk governance framework developed by the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC) for this purpose. The IRGC approach is distinguished from more classical risk governance approaches, inter alia, by an explicit inclusion of a systematic concern assessment. However, unfortunately, not all countries are adapted on this innovative public health model. This chapter shows results of a risk management study based on interview in depth with the officials regard public health risk, in frame of one health concept in the Republic of Macedonia.

Public Health and Vector-Borne Diseases - A New Concept for Risk Governance

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 528-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Schmidt ◽  
K. M. Dressel ◽  
M. Niedrig ◽  
M. Mertens ◽  
S. A. Schüle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne

scholarly journals Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens of Dogs and Cats in Two Regions of Saudi Arabia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Abdullah D. Alanazi ◽  
Abdulaziz S. Alouffi ◽  
Mohamed S. Alyousif ◽  
Mohammad Y. Alshahrani ◽  
Hend H. A. M. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
First Time

Dogs and cats play an important role as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens, yet reports of canine and feline vector-borne diseases in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Blood samples were collected from 188 free-roaming dogs and cats in Asir (70 dogs and 44 cats) and Riyadh (74 dogs), Saudi Arabia. The presence of Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., hemotropic Mycoplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Hepatozoon spp. was detected using a multiplex tandem real-time PCR. PCR-positive samples were further examined with specific conventional and real-time PCR followed by sequencing. Dogs from Riyadh tested negative for all pathogens, while 46 out of 70 dogs (65.7%) and 17 out of 44 cats (38.6%) from Asir were positive for at least one pathogen. Positive dogs were infected with Anaplasma platys (57.1%), Babesia vogeli (30%), Mycoplasma haemocanis (15.7%), and Bartonella henselae (1.4%), and cats were infected with Mycoplasma haemofelis (13.6%), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (13.6%), B. henselae (9.2%), and A. platys (2.27%), all of which are reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Co-infection with A. platys and B. vogeli was detected in 17 dogs (24.28%), while coinfections were not detected in cats. These results suggest that effective control and public awareness strategies for minimizing infection in animals are necessary.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON THE PUBLIC HEALTH INCREASING THE BACTERIAL CAUSING INFECTIOUS DISEASES PERFORMED BY EXPERIMENT: VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES INSECTS, TAIF, KSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Sherifa Mostafa M. Sabra ◽  
Samar Ahamed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Tapinoma Sessile ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The search conducted on "The impact of global warming (GW) on the public health (PH) increasing the bacterial causing infectious diseases (IDs) performed by experiment: Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) insects, Taif, KSA", the experiment used ants (Taif Tapinoma sessile), prepared, arranged appropriate nests and adjusted the temperature at (20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45°C), for a week of each zone. It revealed the behaviour as (normal, semi-normal and ab-normal), the mean of mortality rates were between (0-53.3%). The bacterial contents measured by the turbidity indicated the presence of multiplication, were between (0.109-0.328). The bacterial growth degrees by sings were between (+ - +++++) and percent between (12-100%). Colony Forming Unit/ml (CFU/ml) confined between (1.8X102-15.0X102)/mL. Through this experiment it turned out the GW had a significant role on the PH, helped the proliferation of bacterial pathogens that caused IDS. The conclusion wiped from the experiment that the extent degrees of GW disadvantages on the PH. The PH workers must take the "Preventive Health Prophylaxis Measures" (PHPMs) to protect the individuals from IDs by eliminating the VBDs of various types, monitoring the immunological situation of individuals, provided the vaccinations of IDs and preparing for complete PHPMs against any changes in the PH.

A look at photodynamic inactivation as a tool for pests and vector-borne diseases control

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 025601
Author(s):  
Alessandra R Lima ◽  
Lucas D Dias ◽  
Matheus Garbuio ◽  
Natalia M Inada ◽  
Vanderlei S Bagnato
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reactive Oxidative Species ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Oxidative Species

Abstract The control of pests and vector-borne diseases (VDBs) are considered public health issues Worldwide. Among the control techniques and pesticides used so far, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been shown as an eco-friendly, low cost, and efficient approach to eliminate pests and VDBs. PDI is characterized using a photosensitizing molecule, light and molecular oxygen (O2) resulting in production of reactive oxidative species which can promote the oxidation of biomolecules on pests and vectors. Herein, we review the past 51 years (1970–2021) regarding the use of photo pesticides, reporting the most important parameters for the protocol applied, the results obtained, and limitations. Moreover, we described the mechanism of action of the PDI, main classes of photopesticides used so far as well as the cell death mechanism resulting from the photodynamic action.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
John M. Drake ◽  
Michael B. Bonsall ◽  
Michael R. Strand
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
River Blindness ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Vector Borne

This book concerns the population biology of vector-borne diseases. Vector-borne diseases of people are a perennial challenge for public health. Although recent decades have enjoyed major declines in the incidence of diseases like malaria and onchocerciasis (river blindness), vector-borne diseases continue to claim the lives of more than 700,000 people per year and exact costs of tens of billions of dollars in expenses for control and through lost productivity (...

scholarly journals Leishmaniasis and Climate Change—Case Study: Argentina

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Daniel Salomón ◽  
María Gabriela Quintana ◽  
Andrea Verónica Mastrángelo ◽  
María Soledad Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Vector Borne

Vector-borne diseases closely associated with the environment, such as leishmaniases, have been a usual argument about the deleterious impact of climate change on public health. From the biological point of view interaction of different variables has different and even conflicting effects on the survival of vectors and the probability transmission of pathogens. The results on ecoepidemiology of leishmaniasis in Argentina related to climate variables at different scales of space and time are presented. These studies showed that the changes in transmission due to change or increase in frequency and intensity of climatic instability were expressed through changes in the probability of vector-human reservoir effective contacts. These changes of contact in turn are modulated by both direct effects on the biology and ecology of the organisms involved, as by perceptions and changes in the behavior of the human communities at risk. Therefore, from the perspective of public health and state policy, and taking into account the current nonlinear increased velocity of climate change, we concluded that discussing the uncertainties of large-scale models will have lower impact than to develop-validate mitigation strategies to be operative at local level, and compatibles with sustainable development, conservation biodiversity, and respect for cultural diversity.

scholarly journals Climate change and vector-borne diseases: what are the implications for public health research and policy?

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1665) ◽  
pp. 20130552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum ◽  
Lucien Manga ◽  
Magaran Bagayoko ◽  
Johannes Sommerfeld
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Political Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
Vector Borne

Vector-borne diseases continue to contribute significantly to the global burden of disease, and cause epidemics that disrupt health security and cause wider socioeconomic impacts around the world. All are sensitive in different ways to weather and climate conditions, so that the ongoing trends of increasing temperature and more variable weather threaten to undermine recent global progress against these diseases. Here, we review the current state of the global public health effort to address this challenge, and outline related initiatives by the World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners. Much of the debate to date has centred on attribution of past changes in disease rates to climate change, and the use of scenario-based models to project future changes in risk for specific diseases. While these can give useful indications, the unavoidable uncertainty in such analyses, and contingency on other socioeconomic and public health determinants in the past or future, limit their utility as decision-support tools. For operational health agencies, the most pressing need is the strengthening of current disease control efforts to bring down current disease rates and manage short-term climate risks, which will, in turn, increase resilience to long-term climate change. The WHO and partner agencies are working through a range of programmes to (i) ensure political support and financial investment in preventive and curative interventions to bring down current disease burdens; (ii) promote a comprehensive approach to climate risk management; (iii) support applied research, through definition of global and regional research agendas, and targeted research initiatives on priority diseases and population groups.

scholarly journals Anticipating emerging arboviruses: What comes after Zika?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle V. Evans ◽  
Courtney C. Murdock ◽  
John M. Drake
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Public Health Community ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Partially Observed ◽  
The Us ◽  
Vector Borne

AbstractNew vector-borne diseases have emerged on multiple occasions over the last several decades, raising fears that they may become established within the United States. Here, we provide a watchlist of flaviviruses with high potential to emerge in the US, identified using new statistical techniques for mining the associations in partially observed data, to allow the public health community to better target surveillance.

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