Mitigation of Liquefaction Hazard Using Granular Piles

2018 ◽  
pp. 86-116
Author(s):  
A. Murali Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Loose Sand ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
The World ◽  
Granular Piles

Ground improvement techniques are employed to mitigate liquefaction hazards. Granular piles are the most widely preferred alternative all over the world, due to several advantages associated with them. Different mechanisms operate in the function of stone columns/granular piles in liquefaction mitigation like drainage, storage, dilation, densification, and reinforcement. This chapter presents an overview of the use of granular piles as a liquefaction remedial measure for sand deposits. A brief description on the phenomenon of liquefaction and the associated features has been presented. A short discussion on various ground improvement methods available for liquefaction mitigation is presented in light of importance of granular piles. Different installation methods and design concepts for granular piles are presented. Various mechanisms of granular piles in mitigating the liquefaction potential of loose sand deposits are discussed and quantified in detail proving their effectiveness in hazard mitigation.

Mitigation of Liquefaction Hazard Using Granular Piles

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Murali Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Loose Sand ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Remedial Measure ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Granular Piles ◽  
Surrounding Soil

In this paper, ground improvement techniques are used to mitigate liquefaction hazards. Granular piles are the preferred alternative due to several advantages. Granular piles improve the ground by reinforcing and adding density to the surrounding soil apart from providing drainage. Different mechanisms operate in the function of stone columns/granular piles in liquefaction mitigation, including Drainage, Storage, Dilation, Densification, and Reinforcement. This paper presents an overview of the use of granular piles as a liquefaction remedial measure for sand deposits. A brief description on liquefaction and the associated features is presented. A short discussion on various ground improvement methods available for liquefaction mitigation is discussed in light of the importance of granular piles. Different installation methods and design concepts for granular piles are presented. Various mechanisms of granular piles in mitigating the liquefaction potential of loose sand deposits are discussed and quantified in detail proving their effectiveness in hazard mitigation.

scholarly journals Analysis and settlement evaluation of an end-bearing granular pile with non-linear deformation modulus

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Kumar Sharma ◽  
Pooja Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factor ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Linear Deformation ◽  
Dense Sand ◽  
Granular Pile ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Granular Piles

AbstractGround improvement with granular piles increases the load-carrying capacity, reduces the settlement of foundations built on the reinforced ground and is also a good alternative to concrete pile. Granular piles or stone columns are composed of granular material, such as crushed stone or coarse dense sand. An analytical approach based on the continuum approach is presented for the non-linear behaviour of the granular pile. The formulation for pile element displacement is done considering the non-homogeneity of the granular pile as it reflects the true behaviour and also accounts for the changes in the state of the granular pile due to installation, stiffening and improvement effects. The present study shows that the settlement influence factor for an end-bearing granular pile decreases with increase in the relative stiffness of the bearing stratum. The settlement influence factor decreases with increase in linear and non-linear non-homogeneity parameters for all values of relative length. For a shorter pile, the rate of decrease of the settlement influence factor is greater in comparison to that for a longer pile. Shear stress at the soil–granular pile interface reduces in the upper compressible portion of the granular pile and increases in the lower stiffer portion of the granular pile due to the non-homogeneity of an end-bearing granular pile.

Numerical study on ground improvement for liquefaction mitigation using stone columns encased with geosynthetics

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Tang ◽  
Shengyi Cong ◽  
Xianzhang Ling ◽  
Jinchi Lu ◽  
Ahmed Elgamal
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation

scholarly journals An Analytical Study of Partially Strengthened Single End-Bearing Granular Pile Near the Top and Bottom

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-115
Author(s):  
Vaibhaw Garg ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Sharma ◽  
Ashish Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Feature Analysis ◽  
Granular Pile ◽  
Granular Piles

Abstract Stone columns (or granular piles, GPs) are progressively being utilized for ground improvement, mostly for pliant edifice such as road mounds, oil depot, and so forth. The present analysis is done by introducing strengthening at both the ends of GP, i.e., bottom and top end so that the bulging problem will be solved and the beneficiary effect of the bearing stratum can be utilized by the bottom strengthening feature. Analysis of a single partially strengthened, at both top and bottom, end-bearing GP is presented in this article in terms of displacement affecting component for the top (DACT) of GP, percentage load transferred to the base (PLTB) of strengthened GP, and normalized shear stress (NSS). The PLTB of the strengthened GP was found to increase considerably. The NSS was found to reduce at the top end of GP and is found to be redistributed along the length of GP.

scholarly journals Anticipatory Non-Green-Phenomena Determination for Designing Eco-Design Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Hsin Rau ◽  
Mary Deanne M. Lagapa ◽  
Po-Hsun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Product Failure ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
The World ◽  
World Business Council

The number of consumers with green awareness have grown these days and as a result they have turned to purchase eco-friendly products. For this reason, this study aims to propose a method for eco-design based on the anticipatory failure determination method to develop eco-design products. By using eco-design concepts adopted from the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, the process will limit the failures and issues related to environmental impact in product design. The proposed method for eco-design product in this study follows the following procedure. First, we analyze product failure. Second, we propose the determination of the non-green phenomenon of the failure. Thirdly, we integrate the intensified non-green phenomenon to generate non-green hypotheses and fourthly, we eliminate each non-green phenomenon hypothesis by introducing the contradiction matrix of TRIZ for obtaining solutions. Finally, we assess alternative eco-design solutions by evaluation. To verify the practicality of the new procedure, a washing machine is used as an example for illustration.

A Study into Resin Injection as a Ground Improvement Technique for Seismic Liquefaction Mitigation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick J. Traylen ◽  
Frederick J. Wentz ◽  
Sjoerd Van Ballegooy ◽  
Liam M. Wotherspoon ◽  
Theo Hnat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Seismic Liquefaction ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation ◽  
Resin Injection

scholarly journals Liquefaction hazard zonation mapping of the Saitama City, Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama Mohan Pokhrel ◽  
Jiro Kuwano ◽  
Shinya Tachibana
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Hazard Zonation ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Amplification Ratio ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Clayey Silt ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High

Liquefaction hazard zonation mapping of the Saitama City targeted on the Kanto Plain NW Edge Fault is described in this paper. The study involves the geotechnical properties of the alluvial soil of the city including Standard Penetration Test (SPT), shear wave velocity and other geological data analysis. The city being highly urbanized is situated on the soft soil (alluvial deposits) at the proximity of an active seismic fault that has increased the possibility of liquefaction hazard in the area. Kanto Plain NW Edge Fault is an active fault that lies very near to the Saitama City having the estimated possible earthquake magnitude of 7.4. The possible peak horizontal ground acceleration (amax) from this earthquake is calculated as from 0.15 g to 0.30 g. By considering all possible acceleration values the liquefaction potential maps were prepared and presented in this paper. Additionally, the shear wave velocity is very low and amplification ratio is very high at the marshy deposit but it has comparatively high velocity and low amplification ratio at the marine loam deposit area of the Omiya Plateau. In this paper the liquefaction potential of the area is expressed in terms of liquefaction potential index (PL). The PL value for the clayey silt deposit in the marshy area with shallow water table is very high. In addition, the PL value in the marine loam deposit of the Omiya Plateau is less which indicates that loam deposit has less liquefaction potential than marshy deposit. The map obtained from this study was validated with the field condition of the study area. Hence, it is expected that this study will assist in characterizing the seismic hazards and its mitigation and will provide valuable information for urban planning in the study area in future.

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