The Social Context of Knowledge

2010 ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Daniel Memmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Collaborative Software ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
Socially Situated

Information and knowledge have become a crucial resource in our knowledge-based, computermediated economy. But knowledge is primarily a social phenomenon, on which computer processing has had only a limited impact so far, in spite of impressive advances. In this context have recently appeared various collaborative systems that promise to give access to socially situated information. We argue that a prior analysis of the social context is necessary for a better understanding of the whole domain of collaborative software. We will examine the variety and functions of information in modern society, where collaborative information management is now the dominant type of occupation. In fact, real information is much more complex than its usual technical sense: one should distinguish between information and knowledge, as well as between explicit and tacit knowledge. Because of the notable importance of tacit knowledge, social networks are indispensable in practice for locating relevant information. We then propose a typology of collaborative software, distinguishing between explicit communities supported by groupware systems, task-oriented communities organized around a common data structure, and implicit links exploited by collaborative filtering and social information retrieval. The latter approach is usually implemented by virtually grouping similar users, but there exist many possible variants. Yet much remains to be done by extracting, formalizing, and exploiting implicit social links.

The Social Context of Knowledge

2011 ◽  
pp. 189-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Memmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Collaborative Software ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Task Oriented

Information and knowledge have become a crucial resource in our knowledge-based, computer-mediated economy. But knowledge is primarily a social phenomenon, on which computer processing has had only a limited impact so far, in spite of impressive advances. In this context have recently appeared various collaborative systems, that promise to give access to socially-situated information. We argue that a prior analysis of the social context is necessary for a better understanding of the whole domain of collaborative software. We will examine the variety and functions of information in modern society, where collaborative information management is now the dominant type of occupation. In fact, real information is much more complex than its usual technical sense: one should distinguish between information and knowledge, as well as between explicit and tacit knowledge. Because of the importance of tacit knowledge notably, social networks are indispensable in practice for locating relevant information. We then propose a typology of collaborative software, distinguishing between explicit communities supported by groupware systems, task-oriented communities organized around a common data structure, and implicit links exploited by collaborative filtering and social information retrieval. The latter approach is usually implemented by virtually grouping similar users, but there exist many possible variants. Yet much remains to be done by extracting, formalizing and exploiting implicit social links.

Organizational Social Context

2017 ◽  
pp. 76-126
Author(s):  
Albert J. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Organizational Social Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Tacit Knowledge Management

Understanding the social context of an organization is a precursor to managing tacit knowledge. This chapter describes a three-dimensional social-context framework comprising factors, trust, and manageability. Factors are underlying characteristics - situation, interaction, and scale - that affect all aspects of the social structure. Trust classifies criteria that affect trust at individual, group, and organizational levels. Manageability lists methods of enhancing indicators for each social context criteria. The framework is based on patterns and clusters of 1200 terms found in a survey of the social-science literature related to social structures. The framework is presented in a format that facilitates prioritizing the most important criteria for an organization to focus on. Understanding how social context affects organizations will greatly facilitate tacit knowledge management.

scholarly journals Seeking Asylum, Speaking Silence

Barnboken ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen King
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Trauma Narratives ◽  
Trauma Narrative ◽  
National Centre ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Situated

“How could she ever put those terrible pictures into words?” (Naidoo, Truth 51). This question is at the heart of Beverley Naidoo’s The Other Side of Truth (2000), which narrates the trauma of Nigerian asylum seeker children Sade and Femi as they flee to Britain. Speech and silence are ambivalent within the text, fluctuating in meaning dependant on the social context in which they are enacted. Showing this text to be primarily a narrative of activism, I explore how Naidoo’s representations of trauma inform her critique of the British immigration system. This text invites a reading that draws on recent postcolonial theories of trauma. Using both textual and paratextual analysis of the novel and Naidoo’s archive, held by Seven Stories: The National Centre for Children’s Books in Britain, I draw on Forter’s model of psychosocial trauma to demonstrate that the trauma the protagonists face is a result of their encounter with a racist society and bureaucracy. Reflecting Kertzer’s claim that social justice should be central in trauma narratives for children, Naidoo shows healing from trauma to be the locus of political awakening for both characters and implied reader. The aim of this article is to integrate contemporary models of postcolonial trauma with an understanding of the activist nature of Naidoo’s work, showing that in this sort of children’s trauma narrative, the site of healing from trauma is simultaneously the site of social change. Since the trauma that the child protagonists face is a social phenomenon, the speech that allows the children to begin to heal is similarly socially situated, and their healing is synonymous with social justice.

The Social Context

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasana T. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social

The seventh chapter argues for the importance of the social context in continuing to influence whether social cognition is engaged or not, and describes a version of the delayed sudden death virus outbreak thought experiment without the death and virus components, set in modern society. This chapter then reviews classical social psychological studies that illustrate the power of the social context in shaping social cognition and resulting behaviour. It describes different types of social contexts, and explores the role of consistency motives in guiding human behaviour. Finally, it makes an appeal for a spectrum metaphor for social behavior, rather than alternative metaphors that categorise the phenomenon too narrowly.

Socially Situated Transmission: The Bias to Transmit Negative Information is Moderated by the Social Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Fay ◽  
Bradley Walker ◽  
Yoshihisa Kashima ◽  
Andrew Perfors
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Situated

scholarly journals Entre o trágico e o secularizado. Uma visão secularizada e não-sacrificial do cristianismo

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (271) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Sávio Carlos Desan Scopinho
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Death Of Jesus ◽  
Concrete Action

Este artigo é uma reflexão sobre a visão não-sacrificial do cristianismo, confrontando duas interpretações sobre o acontecimento da encarnação, vida, paixão e morte de Jesus de Nazaré. É, também, uma apresentação do cristianismo trágico como legitimador de uma postura dualista no interior da instituição eclesial e do contexto social que sustentam uma prática dominadora e, muitas vezes, opressora das relações humanas. A proposta é contrapor o cristianismo trágico ao cristianismo secularizado, entendendo a este como referência para reassumir o projeto cristão. Pretende-se, com a referida interpretação do cristianismo, resgatar a prática do amor como principal critério evangélico e como ação concreta para enfrentar os desafios da sociedade pós-moderna. A temática valoriza a interpretação secularizada do cristianismo, mostrando as implicações ao se assumir tal contraposição diante do cristianismo trágico e apocalíptico, de características marcadamente sacrificiais.Abstract: This article is a reflection about the non-sacrificial view of the Christianism, confronting two interpretations about the episode of incarnation, life, passion and death of Jesus of Nazareth. It is also a presentation of the tragic christianism as a legitimator of a dualist attitude inside the ecclesial institution and the social context, which supports a dominating practice and, many times, oppressive practice towards human affairs. The purpose of this work is to contrast the tragic christianism with the secularized christianism considering the last one as a reference for the resume to the Christian project. This work also intends, with the previously cited interpretation of Christianism, to rescue the practice of love as the main gospel principle and as a concrete action to face the challenges of the post-modern society. The theme values the secularized interpretation of Christianism showing the consequences when such opposition is taken over to the tragic and apocalyptical Christianism which has noticeable sacrificial features.

scholarly journals SCALa: A blueprint for computational models of language acquisition in social context

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tsuji ◽  
Alejandrina Cristia ◽  
Emmanuel Dupoux
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Language Learner ◽  
Early Language ◽  
The Social

Theories and data on language acquisition suggest a range of cues are used, ranging from information on structure found in the linguistic signal itself, to information gleaned from the environmental context or through social interaction. We propose a blueprint for computational models of the early language learner (SCALa, for Socio-Computational Architecture of Language Acquisition) that makes explicit the connection between the kinds of information available to the social learner and the computational mechanisms required to extract language-relevant information and learn from it. SCALa integrates a range of views on language acquisition, further allowing us to make precise recommendations for future large-scale empirical research.

Knowledge-Based Economic Growth from the Social Context of Information Technology

2014 ◽  
pp. 309-323
Author(s):  
Benjamin Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Informatics ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Key Driver

Information systems have been touted as a key driver of economic growth in the modern world. Countries and regions alike have leveraged these powerful technologies to boost economic growth. In today’s knowledge-driven economy, information technologies are applicable to many industries as they can be harnessed to increase productivity and production. However, the ability to use these technologies to facilitate economic growth goes beyond the technologies per se. In this chapter, the author argues that the social context influences a region’s ability to create knowledge-based economic growth. Using case studies of three regions, the author argues that upskilling and isomorphism are important facets in a region’s social context that warrant consideration. The results are applicable to policy-making and contribute to the literature on social informatics.

scholarly journals Tipe dan Fungsi Humor dalam Acara Indonesia Lawak Klub di Trans 7

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Ema Suaib ◽  
Zainal Rafli ◽  
Liliana Muliastuti
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Humor Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Control

The humor type and function contained in the Indonesian Lawak Klub (ILK) program are interesting to research. There are three types of humor theories in ILK that explain the reasons why someone can  laugh or smile. The three types of humor are the theory of liberation (release), the theory of excellence (superiority), and the theory of incongruity. Whereas the seven functions of humor as communication activities in the social context discussed in this paper are the functions of social control, face-searching tools, building common ground, intelligence, regulating discourse, strengthening social bonds of friendship, and improving tense situations. This paper aims to describe the type of humor theory and the function of humor contained in the ILK program. This research uses the method of qualitative description with observing, note-taking, and study literature techniques. The results of this research then find out how things can arouse laughter or amusement on someone and various functions of humor that are spoken by speakers. This research also illustrates that utterances or dialogues in ILK containing implicatures can produce broader speech meanings than just ordinary utterances. With implicature and humorous discourse in dialogue, criticism and control of the government, the most dominant type of humor theory that appears in ILK is the type of peculiar theory. Whereas the most dominant function of humor appears in ILK is functioned as a tool to improve tense and rigid situations.Tipe dan fungsi humor yang terkandung dalam acara Indonesia Lawak Klub (ILK) menarik untuk diteliti.  Terdapat tiga tipe teori humor dalam ILK yang menjelaskan penyebab mengapa seseorang bisa tertawa atau tersenyum. Ketiga tipe humor itu adalah teori pembebasan (pelepasan), teori keunggulan (superioritas), dan teori keganjilan (incongruity). Tujuh fungsi humor sebagai aktivitas komunikasi dalam konteks sosial yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini, yaitu fungsi mengontrol tindakan sosial, mencari muka/mencari perhatian orang lain, membangun landasan bersama, menunjukkan kecerdasan, mengatur wacana, memperkuat ikatan sosial pertemanan, dan memperbaiki situasi tegang. Tulisan ini bertujuan menggambarkan tipe dan fungsi humor yang terdapat dalam acara ILK. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskripsi kualitatif dengan teknik simak, catat, dan studi pustaka. Dari hasil analisis ini ditemukan bagaimana suatu hal dapat membangkitkan tawa atau geli pada seseorang dan berbagai fungsi humor yang diujarkan penutur. Tulisan ini juga menghasilkan gambaran bahwa ujaran atau dialog-dialog dalam ILK yang mengandung implikatur dapat menghasilkan makna ujaran yang lebih luas dari sekadar ujaran biasa. Dengan implikatur dan wacana humor dalam dialog, kritik, dan kontrol terhadap pemerintah ataupun individu dapat dilakukan tanpa terkesan menggurui. Tipe teori humor yang paling dominan muncul dalam ILK, yaitu tipe teori keganjilan; sedangkan fungsi humor yang paling dominan muncul dalam ILK, yaitu sebagai alat untuk memperbaiki situasi tegang dan kaku. 

Community: Overview

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin L. Streeter
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
Conceptual Overview

One of the hallmarks of social work is its recognition that people grow and mature in a social context. Communities are one of the many social systems that touch people's lives and shape their individual and group identity. A conceptual overview of community is presented. Social systems, ecological systems, and power/conflict are presented as alternative frameworks for understanding how the social interaction between individuals, groups, and social institutions are patterned within the community. Virtual community is reviewed as a recent phenomenon that may have implications for community in modern society.

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