Balancing Local Knowledge within Global Organisations through Computer-Based Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 277-293
Author(s):  
Somya Joshi ◽  
Michael Barrett ◽  
Geoff Walsham ◽  
Sam Cappleman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Global Information ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Global Information Systems ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Generation Activity

This article investigates how, and with what success, global organisations design computer-based systems for knowledge sharing which aim to balance centralised and standardised approaches against more diverse local needs. The empirical basis for the article is provided by an analysis of two different global organisations, each with its own knowledge-sharing infrastructure in place. We use third-generation activity theory as the theoretical basis for our analysis. The contributions from this article are twofold. The first is our theoretical lens, where activity theory is applied to the domain of global information systems and their organisational context. This analysis provides a new approach in addressing both the mediation of and motivations behind knowledge-sharing activity. The second contribution concerns the theoretical and practical insights this gives on the problems and challenges of achieving a balance between global and local priorities within highly distributed work contexts, and the role of computer-based systems in this arena.

Balancing Local Knowledge Within Global Organisations Through Computer-Based Systems

2010 ◽  
pp. 82-97
Author(s):  
Somya Joshi ◽  
Michael Barrett ◽  
Geoff Walsham ◽  
Sam Cappleman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Global Information ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Global Information Systems ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Generation Activity

This article investigates how, and with what success, global organisations design computer-based systems for knowledge sharing which aim to balance centralised and standardised approaches against more diverse local needs. The empirical basis for the article is provided by an analysis of two different global organisations, each with its own knowledge-sharing infrastructure in place. We use third-generation activity theory as the theoretical basis for our analysis. The contributions from this article are twofold. The first is our theoretical lens, where activity theory is applied to the domain of global information systems and their organisational context. This analysis provides a new approach in addressing both the mediation of and motivations behind knowledge-sharing activity. The second contribution concerns the theoretical and practical insights this gives on the problems and challenges of achieving a balance between global and local priorities within highly distributed work contexts, and the role of computerbased systems in this arena.

Balancing Local Knowledge Within Global Organizations Through Computer-Based Systems

2008 ◽  
pp. 2200-2216
Author(s):  
Somya Joshi ◽  
Michael Barrett ◽  
Geoff Walsham ◽  
Sam Cappleman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Global Information ◽  
Global Organizations ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Global Information Systems ◽  
Global And Local

This article investigates how, and with what success, global organisations design computer-based systems for knowledge sharing which aim to balance centralised and standardised approaches against more diverse local needs. The empirical basis for the article is provided by an analysis of two different global organisations, each with its own knowledge-sharing infrastructure in place. We use third-generation activity theory as the theoretical basis for our analysis. The contributions from this article are twofold. The first is our theoretical lens, where activity theory is applied to the domain of global information systems and their organisational context. This analysis provides a new approach in addressing both the mediation of and motivations behind knowledge-sharing activity. The second contribution concerns the theoretical and practical insights this gives on the problems and challenges of achieving a balance between global and local priorities within highly distributed work contexts, and the role of computer-based systems in this arena.

scholarly journals A Human Activity Approach to User Interfaces

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (291) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Bødker
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Computer Based

<p>This paper presents a framework for the design of user interfaces which starts out from the work situations where computer based artifacts are used: The framework deals with the role of the user interface in purposeful human work. Human activity theory is used in this analysis. The purpose of the paper is to make the reader curious and hopefully open his or her eyes to a somewhat different way of thinking about the user interface. The paper applies examples of real-life interfaces to support this process, but it is not the purpose of the paper to give a systematic presentation of empirical results. The paper focuses on the role of the computer application in use. Thus, it is necessary to deal not only with the relation between the human being and the computer, but also with other surounding conditions for work. Human experience and competence is dealt with as rooted in the practice of the group which conducts the specific work activity</p> <strong></strong>

Exploring Human Dynamics in Global Information System Implementations

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
Marielle van Egmond ◽  
Shushma Patel ◽  
Dilip Patel
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Global Information ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Global Information System ◽  
Global Information Systems ◽  
The Brain

Global information systems (IS) are often designed and implemented without due consideration or management of the human aspect of information systems. The lack of acknowledgement of human factors generates cost overruns, time delays and may ultimately lead to a partial failure of the system or even an aborted implementation. In this paper the authors present the concept of the information system implementation transformation (ISIT) cloud that covers dynamics of global information system implementations. The authors have depicted these dynamics as interpretative readiness curves in relation to IS implementation phases. The authors argue that human elements are impacting the overall level of implementation readiness. The authors support their argument by discussing the role of attitudes towards IS implementations, after which the authors break it down into a focus on the role of culture and finally link our ISIT concept to the layered reference model of the brain (LRMB) to understand the role of cognitive elements within IS implementations. The results of their approach provide improved understanding of the human elements of global information system implementations and its organizational readiness.

scholarly journals TheTeenagerinan Online Game: Included Observation and Experience in Social Work

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 118-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D. Hlomov ◽  
A.V. Kondrashkin ◽  
P.A. Kuzin ◽  
S.M. Kalyakina ◽  
K.I. Tyulkanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Online Game ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Psychological Assistance

The article refers to the need to change the existing view of the development in adolescence. We provide the data of observations of the behavior of teenagers in theonlinegame "DragonNest" conductedin 2013 by experts of the Center of social and psychological adaptation and development of adolescents "Crossroads" of MSUPE, which led to the assumption about the problems arising in adolescence. As a theoretical basis for the construction of this work was selected restorative approach, which is a practical application of the cultural-historical theory and of activity theory to social and psychological assistance to adolescents. The analysis of the activity of the teenager in the game, the structure of communication, observation on the adolescents in online gaming space allowed us to make assumptions about the role of communication with peers in a modern society in terms of identity formation and development of adolescents.

38. Max Brodel (1870-1941): His artistic influence on surgical learning at John Hopkins Medical School

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
P. Pace-Asciak ◽  
T. Gelfand
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Medical Illustration ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Teaching Anatomy ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Pathological Disease

Medical students depend on illustration to learn anatomical facts and details that may be too subtle for the written or spoken word. For surgical disciplines, learners rely on tools such as language, 2-dimensional illustrations, and 3-dimensional models to pass on important concepts. Although a photograph can convey factual information, illustration can highlight and educate the pertinent details for understanding surgical procedures, neurovascular structures, and the pathological disease processes. In order to understand the current role of medical illustration in education, one needs to look to the past to see how art has helped solve communication dilemmas when learning medicine. This paper focuses on Max Brodel (1870-1941), a German-trained artist who eventually immigrated to the United States to pursue his career as a medical illustrator. Shortly after his arrival in Baltimore, Brodel made significant contributions to medical illustration in Gynecology at John Hopkins University, and eventually in other fields of medicine such as Urology and Otolaryngology. Brodel is recognized as one of America’s most distinguished medical illustrators for creating innovative artistic techniques and founding the profession of medical illustration. Today, animated computer based art is synergistically used with medical illustration to educate students about anatomy. Some of the changes that have occurred with the advancement of computer technology will be highlighted and compared to a century ago, when illustrations were used for teaching anatomy due to the scarcity of cadavers. Schultheiss D, Udo J. Max Brodel (1870-1941) and Howard A.Kelly (1858-1943) – Urogynecology and the birth of modern medical illustration. European Journal of Obstetrics & gynecology and Reproductive Biology 1999; 86:113-115. Crosby C. Max Brodel: the man who put art into medicine. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991. Papel ID. Max Brodel’s contributions to otolaryngology – Head and Neck surgery. The American Journal of Otology 1986; 7(6):460-469.

The Indices of Creative Cities: the Global and Local Aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Kačerauskas
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Creative Cities ◽  
Global And Local

The paper deals with the indices of creative cities. Author analyses the different creativity indices suggested by both the followers and the critics of R. Florida. The author criticizes the Florida’s indices such as Bohemian, Melting pot, Gay, High tech, Innovation, Talent indices, as well as Minor integrative (diversity) and Major integrative indices. The indices of other authors presuppose the questions about the role of the region in defining certain creativity indices. The author makes conclusion that the uniform formula of creativity indices is impossible for two reasons. First, the creativity indices depend on the region of a city. Second, the very strategy to have the uniform creativity indices makes the cities similar to each other and no more unique, consequently, no more creative; as result, this strategy is anti-creative.

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