Using Misunderstanding and Discussion in Dialog as a Knowledge Acquisition or Enhancement Procecss

Author(s):  
Mehdi Yousfi-Monod

The work described in this chapter tackles learning and communication between cognitive artificial agents and trying to meet the following issue: Is it possible to find an equivalency between a communicative process and a learning process, to model and implement communication and learning as dual aspects of the same cognitive mechanism? Therefore, focus is on dialog as the only way for agents to acquire and revise knowledge, as it often happens in natural situations. This particular chapter concentrates on a learning situation where two agents, in a “teacher/student” relationship, exchange information with a learning incentive (on behalf of the student), according to a Socratic dialog. The teacher acts as the reliable knowledge source, and the student is an agent whose goal is to increase its knowledge base in an optimal way. The chapter first defines the nature of the addressed agents, the types of relation they maintain, and the structure and contents of their knowledge base. It emphasizes the symmetry between the interaction and knowledge management, by highlighting knowledge “repair” procedures launched through dialogic means. These procedures deal with misunderstanding, as a situation in which the student is unable to integrate new knowledge directly, and discussion, related to paradoxical information handling. The chapter describes learning goals and strategies, student and teacher roles within both dialog and knowledge handling. It also provides solutions for problems encountered by agents. A general architecture is then established and a comment on a part of the theory implementation is given. The conclusion is about the achievements carried out and the potential improvement of this work.

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-142
Author(s):  
Jonas Aspelin ◽  
Daniel Östlund

Research shows that the quality of the teacher-student relationship is crucial to students’ learning and development, especially for students in need of special support. In Scandinavia, the concept of relational competence is increasingly used to define a teacher’s ability to build supportive relationships. In this article, relational competence is discussed in the context of special education. The article investigastes how relational competence is described in the curriculum for special education teacher training. Syllabuses (n = 142) at all Swedish universities that have programs in special education (n = 11) are included in the analysis, with a focus on the learning goals (n = 857). Content analysis provides both an overall and a more in-depth picture. The first study shows that there are relatively few learning goals relevant to relational competence. For example, the key concepts “relation,” “participation,” and “empathy” are very rarely used, and “care” and “trust” are completely absent. The second study shows, among other findings, that relevant content mainly concerns the special educator as a qualified interlocutor vis-a-vis colleagues. Hardly any goals include teacher–student or teacher–parent relationships. On the whole, the results indicate that relational competence is a neglected topic in this discourse, which also has a fairly narrow focus. The implications of this lack are discussed, and suggestions for improvement are added.


2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (56) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
María Cruz Cuevas Álvarez

RESUMEN: El ensayo pretende difundir la importancia sobre conocer los estilos de aprendizaje que se tienen en las aulas, de cómo mejorar nuestras habilidades de comunicación y que esta sea asertiva; es decir, entender mejor a los alumnos, la manera en qué ellos aprenden y que lo presentado en clase sea recibido favorablemente al receptor por el canal de percepción adecuado. Se propone como estrategia de carácter novedoso a la Programación Neurolingüística (PNL) en nuestras aulas. PNL es una herramienta útil para el docente, ya que brinda resultados casi inmediatos en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, debido a que es un enfoque práctico, dinámico y funcional, que además permite poder realizar actividades exitosas, entretenidas y motivadoras. Con mayor alcance toda vez que permite abarcar a los tres tipos de estilos de aprendizaje (percepciones sensoriales) que surgen a partir de las investigaciones de Richard Bandler y John Grinder (creadores) en 1985. En lo que al lenguaje corporal se refiere, se sugieren movimientos corporales que deben evitarse en clase para tener una mejor relación alumno-maestro, a modo de crear un ambiente académico armónico y agradable, y que el alumno se sienta con la confianza suficiente de acercarse al profesor y aclarar sus dudas en clase, en lugar de quedarse con ellas durante todo el parcial, semestre o de por vida. Finalmente, recordar que no todos los alumnos aprenden de la misma manera, ni a como los maestros lo hacemos, sino es cuestión de buscar el punto medio para que la información dada en clase llegue eficientemente a través de los canales de percepción apropiados. Además de que se aprenda a leer el lenguaje corporal de nuestros educandos e identificar casi de manera inmediata si realmente están entendiendo, si los estamos aburriendo, si definitivamente no tenemos su atención y por eso su atención está dispersa. Al estar consciente de que ésta herramienta nos va a permitir tener un mejor acercamiento, podremos tener clases más significativas, con mayor aprovechamiento de los tiempos y de los recursos que tengamos por ende, poder cumplir en casi su totalidad con lo planteado y con los objetivos de aprendizaje propuestos en nuestros planes de trabajo. ABSTRACT: This essay pretends to spread the importance of being aware of the different learning styles that we can find in our classrooms, knowing how to improve our communication skills, and how to become assertive in our communication to understand our students better, know the manner they learn, and make it possible that what is presented in class can favorably be perceived by the receiver through the appropriate perception channel. This essays suggests to apply Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) in our classrooms, as an innovative strategy. NLP is a useful tool for teachers as it provides almost immediate results in the teaching-learning process due to its practical, dynamic and functional approach, which also allows to perform successful, entertaining and motivating activities. With extended range because it covers the three types of learning styles (sensory perceptions) arising from the research done by Richard Bandler and John Grinder (creators) in 1985. Regarding the body language, it is suggested to avoid some body movements in class in order to have a better teacher-student relationship, and so creating a harmonic and pleasant academic environment that makes students feel confident enough to approach to the teacher and ask questions concerning the class or doubts they may have, instead of not doing so and keeping those questions with themselves during the partial, the semester, or even for the rest of their whole life. Finally we must remember that not all students learn in the same way or as the teachers do. It´s just a matter of searching the midpoint to make that the information provided in class reaches the students efficiently by using the proper perception channels. Furthermore, the teachers must learn to read the body language of their students to identify almost immediately if the students are really understanding or not, if the teacher is making the students get bored, or if the teacher definitely does not have the students´ attention and so their attention is scattered. Being aware that this tool will allow us have a better approach to our students, we can conclude that our classes will be more meaningful, with a better use of the time and the resources, and so, we will accomplish almost entirely the learning goals proposed in our work plans.


Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 2665-2673
Author(s):  
Parmanand Tripathi

Every teacher must realize that he/she needs to be highly motivated, committed, passionate, and optimistic towards his/her students as well as his/her teaching in order to create a positive and productive impact on the students and their learning outcomes. It is a proven fact that teachers who are sincere, caring, approachable, supportive and inspiring can easily enable their students to become enthusiastic, successful and creative learners. John Hattie, a proponent of Evidence Based Quantitative Research Methodologies on the Influences on Student achievement, who is also a Professor of Education and Director of the Melbourne Education Research Institute at the University of Melbourne, Australia, has noted in his study that a harmonious classroom can assist with the development of creativity as well as reduce anxiety levels amongst students. In my opinion, the primary objective of all effective and conscious teachers should be to promote a safe and healthy learning environment wherein students will feel confident, comfortable, happy and accepted. Time and again, I am convinced of the fact that only effective and conscious teachers understand, acknowledge and therefore, appreciate the significance of creating a rapport and bonding with their students for providing an education that is positive, productive and progressive. When teachers display a positive and congenial attitude towards their students, they not only make them ‘learn better, faster and deeper’ but make them self-confident and self-reliant too. Building positive, supportive, cooperative and mutually strong teacher-student relationships is the key to create a welcoming, healthy and conducive learning space in which students are enabled to thrive, prosper and go on to become what they are meant to be in life. And it is only by forging and nurturing a strong and positive relationship with their students, can teachers create a healthy and conducive learning atmosphere wherein students feel welcome, accepted, respected, loved and cared for, wherein learning becomes fun and joy. Conscious and committed teachers promote the art of positive parenting in every classroom and in every school to enable the students to become confident learners by willingly and happily shouldering the responsibility of being their ‘second parents’.When teachers teach with passion, display positive attitude towards their students and their success, and show genuine care for them, the students reciprocate with respect for their teachers, interest and love for their learning.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Xin Wang ◽  
Kai Dou ◽  
Jian Bin Li ◽  
Ming-Chen Zhang ◽  
Ji-Yao Guan

Although interparental conflict is a risk factor for adolescent problematic internet use (PIU), little research has investigated the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this association from the perspective of "school × family" interplay. To address such gaps, this study tested the idea that interparental conflict might be associated with PIU in adolescents via restraining the protective effect of future positive time perspective and via boosting deleterious effect of future negative time perspective. In addition, this study also investigated the moderation effect of teacher-student relationship in the association between interparental conflict and future time perspective. Using three-wave longitudinal data, with each time point spanning three months apart, this study examined the aforesaid questions in a sample of 523 Chinese adolescents (M age = 14.64, SD = 1.37; 276 boys and 247 girls). Results of moderated mediation model indicated that interparental conflict at T1 was associated with PIU at T3 in adolescents through future negative time perspective at T2, especially for adolescents with a great teacher-student relationship. These findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms that explain how interparental conflict is associated with PIU in adolescents and provide effective prevention and intervention strategies of PIU in a Chinese cultural context


2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Qi Yang

Although the teacher-student relationship has been addressed in some studies, the cooperation or reciprocal relations between teachers and students have not been explored sufficiently. In this paper, a difference equation model is applied to express the relationship, stability analysis at the positive steady state of the discrete model is done to verify that the performance output is not empty, and hypothesis testing is conducted to show the validity of the model by means of sample data from a college. Then some reasonable suggestions are proposed to improve the performance output of teachers and students.


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