Ethnic Use, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Cyperus rotundus

2022 ◽  
pp. 431-453
Author(s):  
Mohammed Rahmatullah ◽  
Khoshnur Jannat ◽  
Gerald R. Reeck ◽  
Rownak Jahan ◽  
Taufiq Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Validation

Cyperus rotundus (nut grass in English) is a perennial erect sedge plant and is distributed in over 90 countries of the world, where it has been mostly classified as a highly invasive weed. Despite this classification, the plant has been considered from traditional times to be medicinally important. The traditional uses of the plant in various countries include uses against various gastrointestinal tract disorders, skin diseases, leprosy, fever, and neurological disorders. Evaluation of the plant and especially its rhizomes in a scientific manner has revealed the presence of numerous phytochemicals and wide-ranging pharmacological activities, which include anti-microbial, gastrointestinal, wound healing, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-malarial, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, and anti-pyretic activity. The scientific validation of a number of traditional uses strongly indicates that the plant may prove useful in the discovery of a number of lead compounds and novel drugs.

Ethnic Use, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Cyperus rotundus

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-104
Author(s):  
Mohammed Rahmatullah ◽  
Khoshnur Jannat ◽  
Gerald R. Reeck ◽  
Rownak Jahan ◽  
Taufiq Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Validation

Cyperus rotundus (nut grass in English) is a perennial erect sedge plant and is distributed in over 90 countries of the world, where it has been mostly classified as a highly invasive weed. Despite this classification, the plant has been considered from traditional times to be medicinally important. The traditional uses of the plant in various countries include uses against various gastrointestinal tract disorders, skin diseases, leprosy, fever, and neurological disorders. Evaluation of the plant and especially its rhizomes in a scientific manner has revealed the presence of numerous phytochemicals and wide-ranging pharmacological activities, which include anti-microbial, gastrointestinal, wound healing, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-malarial, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, and anti-pyretic activity. The scientific validation of a number of traditional uses strongly indicates that the plant may prove useful in the discovery of a number of lead compounds and novel drugs.

scholarly journals Ballota nigra L. – an overview of pharmacological effects and traditional uses

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Filip Przerwa ◽  
Arnold Kukowka ◽  
Izabela Uzar
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Upset Stomach ◽  
Potential Cancer

Abstract Ballota nigra, also known as black horehound is a common medical herb used in folk medicine around the world. First reported mentions of its medical properties and use goes as far as the 13th century. The use of black horehound depends on regions and countries. It is used mostly to treat e.g. mild sleep disorders, nervousness, upset stomach, wound healing. It can be used as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antifungal drug. Moreover, it has been reported as a potential cancer drug. This extensive usage is particularly interesting for us. The aim of this review is to present available data on B. nigra pharmacological effects and known traditional uses gathered from a wide range of scientific articles published in 1997–2020.

scholarly journals PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND PHYTO-CHEMICAL STUDY OF RHIZOME of Cyperus rotundus LINN

2017 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Sri Ranjani Sivapalan ◽  
Prince Jeyadevan
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics ◽  
The World

Cyperus rotundus L., (Family Cyperaceae), also known as purple nutsedge or nutgrass, is a common perennial plant. This is a multipurpose plant, widely used in traditional medicine around the world to treat various diseases such as indigestion, constipation, dysentery, abdominal distention, neurogenic gastralgia, chest pains, irregular menstruation, painful menstruation, skin diseases, furuncle infections, leprosy, sprains and bruises, and fever. It has the property of therapeutic actions such as analgesic, alternative, astringent, antispasmodic, antibacterial, carminative, contraceptive, demulcent, emmenagogue, emollient, febrifuge, immunostimulant, laxative, tonic, vermifuge. Pharmacognostical investigations are the first and foremost step to determine the identity and to assess the quality of plant species. The aim of the study was to evaluate the parameter to determine the quality of the rhizome of Cyperus rotundus L. These studies comprise to investigate macroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical parameters, preliminary phytochemical screening and fluorescence characteristics. The findings may provide useful information with regard to its identification and standardization in future.

scholarly journals Pistacia integerrima (Shringi)- A Plant with Significant Pharmacological Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
Manish Grover ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
North West ◽  
Alpha Pinene ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Pistacia integerrima is an important medicinal plant belongs to the family Anacardiacea. It is commonly called as Crab’s claw in English and Shani/Shringi in Hindi. It is a single-stemmed, dioecious tree widely distributed in countries like Nepal, China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Armenia, North-west and West Himalayas. The plant has significant applications in the traditional systems of medications such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. In addition, the plant is also used in many folkloric cultures around the world to treat a vast array of human ailments such as diarrhoea, dysentery, fever, vomiting, skin diseases, respiratory ailments and psoriasis appetizer, hepatitis and liver related disorders. The characteristic feature of the plant is its essential oil content comprised of many important phytochemical constituents such as alpha-pinene, camphene, di-limonene, 1:8-cineol, caprylic acid, alpha-terpineol and aromadendrene. However, the plant contains many other important secondary metabolites such as steroids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and phenols which are associated with important pharmacological activities such as anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, anti-cancer, antidiarrhoeal, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant. The aim of the present study is to summarize the recent pharmacological activities of Pistacia integerrima along with its utilization in traditional medication systems

Galangin: A metabolite that suppresses anti-neoplastic activities through modulation of oncogenic targets

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110625
Author(s):  
Hardeep Singh Tuli ◽  
Katrin Sak ◽  
Shubham Adhikary ◽  
Ginpreet Kaur ◽  
Diwakar Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Molecular Oncology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The World

With the dramatic increase in cancer incidence all over the world in the last decades, studies on identifying novel efficient anti-cancer agents have been intensified. Historically, natural products have represented one of the most important sources of new lead compounds with a wide range of biological activities. In this article, the multifaceted anti-cancer action of propolis-derived flavonoid, galangin, is presented, discussing its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic effects in various cancer cells. In addition, co-effects with standard chemotherapeutic drugs as well as other natural compounds are also under discussion, besides highlighting modern nanotechnological advancements for overcoming the low bioavailability issue characteristic of galangin. Although further studies are needed for confirming the anti-cancer potential of galangin in vivo malignant systems, exploring this natural compound might open new perspectives in molecular oncology.

Development of Dermatological Skin Disease Detection and Classification based on Wavelet and ANN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Revati Kadu ◽  
U. A. Belorkar
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Phase Detection ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Wavelet Techniques

One of the most common and augmenting health problems in the world are related to skin. The most  unpredictable and one of the most difficult entities to automatically detect and evaluate is the human skin disease because of complexities of texture, tone, presence of hair and other distinctive features. Many cases of skin diseases in the world have triggered a need to develop an effective automated screening method for detection and diagnosis of the area of disease. Therefore the objective of this work is to develop a new technique for automated detection and analysis of the skin disease images based on color and texture information for skin disease screening. In this paper, system is proposed which detects the skin diseases using Wavelet Techniques and Artificial Neural Network. This paper presents a wavelet-based texture analysis method for classification of five types of skin diseases. The method applies tree-structured wavelet transform on different color channels of red, green and blue dermoscopy images, and employs various statistical measures and ratios on wavelet coefficients. In all 99 unique features are extracted from the image. By using Artificial Neural Network, the system successfully detects different types of dermatological skin diseases. It consists of mainly three phases image processing, training phase, detection  and classification phase.

ANTI-CANCER COMPOUNDS ISOLATED FROM SOFT CORAL SINULARIA CRUCIATA - ALCYONIIDAE

2012 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Quoc Hung Vo ◽  
Nguyen Phuong Nhi Doan ◽  
Dinh Quynh Phu Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dieu Tram Ho ◽  
Thi Hoai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objectives: Nowadays, bioactive substances isolated from marine organisms which are abundant and varied in Vietnamese sea attracted more and more the attention of scientists in the world and Vietnam as well. We have studied on soft coral Sinularia cruciata – Alcyoniidae, which has never been studied in Vietnam before, to find substances which are useful in medical field, especially in anti-cancer therapy. Materials and method: Specimens of soft coral Sinularia cruciata were collected from Con Co, Quang Tri province in May 2011. Pure compounds were isolated by using Thin Layer Chromatography; Column Chromatography normal phase and inverse phase; Shephadex LH 20. Structures of them were determined by spectral data of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS). Results & Conclusion: Structures of 4 compounds were identified: (1) 5.8-epidioxycholest-6-en-3-ol (2) Cholesterol (3) 1-O-hexadecyl-glycerol (Chimyl alcohol) (4) Glycerol 1-O-octadecyl ether (Batyl alcohol). The substance (1) was demonstrated to have strong anti-cancer effects in previous study. Key words Sinularia cruciata, Alcyoniidae, 5,8-epidioxycholest-6-en-3-ol, soft coral, cancer.

Synthesis of Drugs and Biorelevant N-heterocycles Employing Recent Advances in C-N Bond Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 2293-2340
Author(s):  
Firdoos Ahmad Sofi ◽  
Prasad V. Bharatam
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Heterocyclic Molecules ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Bond Formation Reactions

C-N bond formation is a particularly important step in the generation of many biologically relevant heterocyclic molecules. Several methods have been reported for this purpose over the past few decades. Well-known named reactions like Ullmann-Goldberg coupling, Buchwald-Hartwig coupling and Chan-Lam coupling are associated with the C-N bond formation reactions. Several reviews covering this topic have already been published. However, no comprehensive review covering the synthesis of drugs/ lead compounds using the C-N bond formation reactions was reported. In this review, we cover many modern methods of the C-N bond formation reactions, with special emphasis on metal-free and green chemistry methods. We also report specific strategies adopted for the synthesis of drugs, which involve the C-N bond formation reactions. Examples include anti-cancer, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-histaminic, antibiotics, antibacterial, anti-rheumatic, antiepileptic and anti-diabetic agents. Many recently developed lead compounds generated using the C-N bond formation reactions are also covered in this review. Examples include MAP kinase inhibitors, TRKs inhibitors, Polo-like Kinase inhibitors and MPS1 inhibitors.

Identification of Main Protease of Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro)Inhibitors from Melissa officinalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola O. Elekofehinti ◽  
Opeyemi Iwaloye ◽  
Courage D. Famusiwa ◽  
Olanrewaju Akinseye ◽  
Joao B. T. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Qsar Model ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Catalytic Dyad ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Intervention

Background: he recent outbreak of Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) which has rapidly spread around the world in about three months with tens of thousands of deaths recorded so far is a global concern. An urgent need for potential therapeutic intervention is of necessity. Mpro is an attractive druggable target for the development of anti-COVID-19 drug development. Compounds previously characterized from Melissa officinalis were queried against main protease of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using computational approach. Results: Melitric acid A and salvanolic acid A had higher affinity than lopinavir and ivermectin using both AutodockVina and XP docking algorithms. The computational approach was employed in the generation of QSAR model using automated QSAR, and in the docking of ligands from Melissa officinalis with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. The best model obtained was KPLS_Radial_28 (R2 = 0.8548 and Q2=0.6474, and was used in predicting the bioactivity of the lead compounds. Molecular mechanics based MM-GBSA confirmed salvanolic acid A as the compound with the highest free energy and predicted bioactivity of 4.777; it interacted with His-41 of the catalytic dyad (Cys145-His41) of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), as this may hinder the cutting of inactive viral protein into active ones capable of replication. Conclusion: Salvanolic acid A can be further evaluated as potential Mpro inhibitor.

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