Emerging Contaminants

2022 ◽  
pp. 588-608
Author(s):  
Emily Ng'eno ◽  
Victor Odhiambo Shikuku
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Abatement Strategies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Technical Solutions

This chapter discusses water pollution control and abatement strategies in relation to emerging contaminants. The pollution prevention measures described in the chapter can broadly be categorized into four main areas that are highly interdependent: behavioral changes, new technical solutions to aid remediation of the environment, further research and data availability, and legislation or policy reforms. These main areas have been expanded in detail under 13 subtitles that are not only interdependent but also practical and achievable. The chapter demonstrates that if the proposed measures are collectively taken into consideration, then most of the United Nations Sustainable Development goals, especially the goals relating to water quality, would become a reality. The benefits of pollution control and abatement are widespread and far-reaching and can better the quality of life on the planet.

Emerging Contaminants

2020 ◽  
pp. 172-192
Author(s):  
Emily Ng'eno ◽  
Victor Odhiambo Shikuku
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Abatement Strategies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Technical Solutions

This chapter discusses water pollution control and abatement strategies in relation to emerging contaminants. The pollution prevention measures described in the chapter can broadly be categorized into four main areas that are highly interdependent: behavioral changes, new technical solutions to aid remediation of the environment, further research and data availability, and legislation or policy reforms. These main areas have been expanded in detail under 13 subtitles that are not only interdependent but also practical and achievable. The chapter demonstrates that if the proposed measures are collectively taken into consideration, then most of the United Nations Sustainable Development goals, especially the goals relating to water quality, would become a reality. The benefits of pollution control and abatement are widespread and far-reaching and can better the quality of life on the planet.

scholarly journals Application of Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) at City Level in Johor Bahru

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akmal Hakim bin Hishammuddin ◽  
Gabriel Ling Hoh Teck ◽  
Loon Wai Chau ◽  
Chin Siong Ho
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Future Potential

CASBEE-City tool determines the city’s Built Environment Efficiency (BEE) by calculating the improvement of Quality of Life (Q) over human activities’ Environmental Load (L) within the city’s hypothetical boundary. A total of 58 variables (57 Q indicators and one variable for L) are used in the worldwide version of CASBEE-City which were grounded using ISO 37120:2014 Sustainable Development of Communities and 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the United Nations (UN). This paper examines the application of CASBEE-City for Malaysian cities using the case of Johor Bahru City and identifies assessment indicators which are customised based on the data availability, reliability and suitability through focus group discussions (FGDs) which involved 36 respondents (researchers, urban planners and stakeholders). This paper reveals Johor Bahru with moderate score B+ in 2010 and 2025. Consensus were also achieved from the 36 FGD respondents for the practicability and future potential of CASBEE-City and BEE framework in Johor Bahru.

393-P: Association of Hypoglycemia Prevention Measures with Quality of Life: A Retrospective Analysis of Electronically-Reported Patient Data

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 393-P
Author(s):  
KHAWLA F. ALI ◽  
LIMA LAWRENCE ◽  
LAUREN A. BUEHLER ◽  
RONALD R. GAMBINO ◽  
MARWAN HAMATY
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Prevention Measures

PERAN WARGA PEDULI AIDS CAHAYA CARE TUREN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP ODHA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Nurhudi Sasono
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract : Indicator of the health welfare through Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) is to reduce the incidence of HIV-AIDS, decrease the rate of the epidemic and maintain the quality of life of people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA). Trend cases of HIV-AIDS is the most recent spread among people, especially housewives. In Malang until 2015 found 278 Housewife of 409 cases of AIDS. The prevalence of HIV-AIDS in Malang Regency is ranked second after Surabaya city in East Java. For the importance of public participation and citizen care AIDS Cahaya Care Turen take responsibility for the condition. Determination Rule Goverment number 2 2015 year on the Participation of the community response to HIV-AIDS in Malang as a legal rule. Concerned Citizens activities AIDS (WPA). WPA Cahaya Care Turen is increases HIV risk and quality of life PLWHA. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Citizens AIDS Cahaya Care Quality of Care Turen against people living with HIV in Puskesmas Turen Malang. The study design using a quasi-experimental, with purposive sampling using a sampling technique. Total number of research subjects 23. Based on test results obtained with the Wilcoxon p value <0.005, which means that there is a significant difference before and after PLWHA joining participated in the WPA Cahaya Care Turen. The conclusion of this study is WPA activities involving people living with HIV and at risk groups can optimize compliance with antiretroviral drugs that have an impact on improving the quality of life of PLHIV. Suggestions in this research is done WPA Program activities are structured and ongoing cross-sector in order to improve the quality of life and empower PLWHA.Keywords : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, Quality of life, PLWHA Abstrak : Salah satu indikator kesejahteraan kesehatan melalui Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) adalah menekan angka kejadian HIV-AIDS, menurunkan laju epidemik dan mempertahankan kualitas hidup Orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA). Trend kasus HIV-AIDS terkini terbanyak adalah menjangkit dikalangan masyarakat khususnya pada ibu rumah tangga. Kabupaten Malang sampai dengan tahun 2015 ditemukan 278 Ibu Rumah Tangga dari 409 kasus AIDS. Prevalensi HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang ini merupakan peringkat kedua di Jawa Timur setelah Kota Surabaya. Untuk itu pentingnya peran serta masyarakat dan warga peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen ikut bertanggung jawab terhadap kondisi tersebut. Penetapan Peraturan Bupati Malang no.2 th.2015 tentang Peran serta masyarakat penanggulangan HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko penularan HIV dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup ODHA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Peran Warga Peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen terhadap Kualitas ODHA Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Turen Kabupaten Malang. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen, dengan teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah subyek penelitian sejumlah 23. Berdasarkan hasil uji dengan Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai p value < 0.005 yang berarti bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah ODHA bergabung mengikuti kegiatan WPA Cahaya Care Turen. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kegiatan WPA dengan melibatkan ODHA dan kelompok beresiko dapat mengoptimalkan kepatuhan obat ART sehingga berdampak terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup ODHA. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah dilakukannya Program kegiatan WPA yang terstruktur dan berkesinambungan lintas sektor guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan memberdayakan ODHA.     Kata kunci : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, kualitas hidup, ODHA

Scoundrels or Stars? Theory and Evidence on the Quality of Workers in Online Labor Markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Farrell ◽  
Jonathan H. Grenier ◽  
Justin Leiby
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Online Labor Markets ◽  
Online Labor ◽  
Low Pay

ABSTRACT Online labor markets allow rapid recruitment of large numbers of workers for very low pay. Although online workers are often used as research participants, there is little evidence that they are motivated to make costly choices to forgo wealth or leisure that are often central to addressing accounting research questions. Thus, we investigate the validity of using online workers as a proxy for non-experts when accounting research designs use more demanding tasks than these workers typically complete. Three experiments examine the costly choices of online workers relative to student research participants. We find that online workers are at least as willing as students to make costly choices, even at significantly lower wages. We also find that online workers are sensitive to performance-based wages, which are just as effective in inducing high effort as high fixed wages. We discuss implications of our results for conducting accounting research with online workers. Data Availability: Contact the authors.

More accurate less meaningful? A critical physical geographer’s reflection on interpreting remote sensing land-use analyses

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913332199181
Author(s):  
Andreas Christian Braun
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Normative Considerations

Land-use and land-cover analyses based on satellite image classification are used in most, if not all, sub-disciplines of physical geography. Data availability and increasingly simple image classification techniques – nowadays, even implemented in simple geographic information systems – increase the use of such analyses. To assess the quality of such land-use analyses, accuracy metrics are applied. The results are considered to have sufficient quality, exceeding thresholds published in the literature. A typical practice in many studies is to confuse accuracy in remote sensing with quality, as required by physical geography. However, notions such as quality are subject to normative considerations and performative practices, which differ between scientific domains. Recent calls for critical physical geography have stressed that scientific results cannot be understood separately from the values and practices underlying them. This article critically discusses the specific understanding of quality in remote sensing, outlining norms and practices shaping it and their relation to physical geography. It points out that, as a seeming paradox, results considered more accurate in remote sensing terms can be less informative – or meaningful – in geographical terms. Finally, a roadmap of how to apply remote sensing land-use analyses more constructively in physical geography is proposed.

Improving the quality of disaggregated SDG indicators with cluster information for small area estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-961
Author(s):  
Rizky Zulkarnain ◽  
Dwi Jayanti ◽  
Tri Listianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Research University ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
District Level ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Associate Dean ◽  
Development Goals

The increasing needs for more disaggregated data motivates National Statistical Offices (NSOs) to develop efficient methods for producing official statistics without compromising on quality. In Indonesia, regional autonomy requires that Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators are available up to the district level. However, several surveys such as the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey produce estimates up to the provincial level only. This generates gaps in support for district level policies. Small area estimation (SAE) techniques are often considered as alternatives for overcoming this issue. SAE enables more reliable estimation of the small areas by utilizing auxiliary information from other sources. However, the standard SAE approach has limitations in estimating non-sampled areas. This paper introduces an approach to estimating the non-sampled area random effect by utilizing cluster information. This model is demonstrated via the estimation of contraception prevalence rates at district levels in North Sumatera province. The results showed that small area estimates considering cluster information (SAE-cluster) produce more precise estimates than the direct method. The SAE-cluster approach revises the direct estimates upward or downward. This approach has important implications for improving the quality of disaggregated SDGs indicators without increasing cost. The paper was prepared under the kind mentorship of Professor James J. Cochran, Associate Dean for Research, Prof. of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Alabama.

Water quality assessment and apportionment source of pollution from neighbouring rivers in the Tapeng Lagoon (Taiwan) using multivariate analysis: a case study

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-W. Liao ◽  
J.-Y. Sheu ◽  
J.-J. Chen ◽  
C.-G. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Stream Pollution ◽  
Effect Factor ◽  
Habitat Recovery ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Source Of Pollution

Factor analysis was conducted to explain the characteristics and variation in the quality of water during the disassembly of oyster frames and fishery boxes. The result shows that the most important latent factors in the Tapeng Lagoon are the ocean factor, the primary productivity factor, and the fishery pollution factor. Canonical discriminant analysis is applied to identify the source of pollution in neighbouring rivers outside the Tapeng Lagoon. The two constructed discriminant functions (CDFs) showed a marked contribution to all the discriminant variables, and that total nitrogen, algae, dissolved oxygen, and total phosphate combined in the nutrient effect factor. The recognition capacities in these two CDFs were 95.6% and 4.4%, respectively. The water quality in the Kaoping river most strongly affected the water quality in the Tapeng Lagoon. Disassembling the oyster frames and fishery boxes improved the water quality markedly. However, environmental topographic conditions indicate that strengthening stream pollution prevention and constructing another entrance to the ocean are the best approaches for improving the quality of water in the Tapeng Lagoon by reducing eutrophication. These approaches and results yield useful information concerning habitat recovery and water resource management.

An Examination of Partner Perceptions of Partner Rotation: Direct and Indirect Consequences to Audit Quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian E. Daugherty ◽  
Denise Dickins ◽  
Richard C. Hatfield ◽  
Julia L. Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Unintended Consequence ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Partner Perceptions ◽  
New Industry

SUMMARY Using structured interviews and surveys of practicing audit partners, this study examines their perceptions with regard to mandatory partner rotation and cooling-off periods, and how recently enacted, more stringent rules, may negatively impact auditors' quality of life to the detriment of audit quality. Results suggest rotation, in general, increases partners' workloads and the likelihood of relocation. Additionally, results suggest that in response to accelerated rotation (and an extended cooling-off period), partners would rather learn a new industry than relocate. Importantly, partners perceive audit quality suffers from retraining, but not from relocating. Thus these results suggest an indirect, negative impact, and unintended consequence, of accelerated rotation/extended cooling-off periods on audit quality. Data Availability: The survey instrument is available upon request. Individual audit partner responses are confidential.

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