Hybrid Multi-Cloud Demystifying SLAs for Smart City Enterprises Using IoT Applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Lubna Luxmi Dhirani ◽  
Thomas Newe ◽  
Shahzad Nizamani
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
It Management ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Single Standard ◽  
Multiple Clouds ◽  
Multi Cloud

Cloud computing migrations are increasing rapidly. The main influencing factor being IT management costs. IoT-based enterprises that started their cloud journey by setting up small private clouds within their enterprise have often found that as the applications and services they use broaden. Then the shift towards incorporating public clouds becomes inevitable. The current problem that many of these firms are encountering is the difficulty of managing multiple clouds that reside within different vendors running on different platforms, computational requirements, and vendor SLAs. Lack of support for a single standard for an overall multi-cloud hybrid model exposes the hybrid IT-management to further threats. This makes it difficult for an adopting enterprise to manage and maintain its cloud-based systems during peak performance hours, which often leads to system downtime. This chapter discusses various SLA issues specific to a hybrid multi-cloud environment and suggests possible solutions to help adopting firms in their management.

scholarly journals Task scheduling Algorithms in Multi cloud Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4530-4533
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Task Scheduling ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Server Side ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Clouds ◽  
Multi Cloud

One of the most commonly used technology with massive demands in the field of distributed computing is cloud computing. Cloud computing has evolved in various forms like single cloud, hybrid cloud and multi-cloud. The evolution of cloud to handle hundred and thousands of user demands, at a time, thereby facilitating resource sharing, reduction in loss of information, elimination of data storage on server side and many many more the topic of task scheduling will be prominent in all forms of cloud computing and in distributed architecture. Here, we discuss the multiple cloud architecture and the scheduling techniques applied to evenly distribute the workload across multiple clouds. Algorithms like Cloud list Scheduling (CLS), Cloud min min scheduling (CMMS), Minimum completion cloud (MCC), Median max algorithm (MEMAX), Multiobjective scheduling (MOS) are some methods suggested in the past for finding a near to optimal solution for task allocation.

Quantum-based Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) approach for digital forensic reports

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (06) ◽  
pp. 2050085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaishree Jain ◽  
Ajit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Security Attacks ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
Cloud Computing Environment ◽  
Digital Forensic ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Multiple Clouds ◽  
Cloud Users ◽  
Multi Cloud

Cloud computing is a model that permits usage of a distributed resource for cloud users using the pay-as-you-use method. It offers many advantages to users and companies, in terms of various resources and applications as a service. In spite of the existence of these advantages, there are a few limitations that place constraints on the utilization of a cloud computing environment. Security is an important concern in a cloud computing environment as it probes various security attacks. Therefore, in this work, a novel quantum-based Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) model is proposed for encryption of forensic reports during storage or data sharing on clouds. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a suitable simulation environment is designed for a multi-cloud environment. Experimental results reveal the proposed approach can efficiently encrypt and store data on multiple clouds without introducing potential overheads. Therefore, the proposed approach is more efficient for real-time applications.

Migration of applications to the Cloud: a user-driven approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Panori ◽  
Agustín González-Quel ◽  
Miguel Tavares ◽  
Dimitris Simitopoulos ◽  
Julián Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Empirical Application ◽  
Selection Of

During the last decade, there has been an increased interest on cloud computing and especially on the adoption of public cloud services. The process of developing cloud-based public services or migrating existing ones to the Cloud is considered to be of particular interest—as it may require the selection of the most suitable applications as well as their transformation to fit in the new cloud environment. This paper aims at presenting the main findings of a migration process regarding smart city applications to a cloud infrastructure. First, it summarises the methodology along with the main steps followed by the cities of Agueda (Portugal), Thessaloniki (Greece) and Valladolid (Spain) in order to implement this migration process within the framework of the STORM CLOUDS project. Furthermore, it illustrates some crucial results regarding monitoring and validation aspects during the empirical application that was conducted via these pilots. These findings should be received as a helpful experience for future efforts designed by cities or other organisations that are willing to move their applications to the Cloud.

scholarly journals Secure Cloud Key Management based on Robust Secret Sharing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Bentajer ◽  
Mustapha Hedabou ◽  
Sara Ennaama ◽  
Abderrahim Tahiri
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Secret Sharing ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Cloud Provider ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Security Module ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Multi Cloud

The aim of this paper is to propose a model to strengthen the security of key management in cloud computing, where the model is shared or entirely controlled by a non-trusted third party provider. Key management is not a straightforward matter for IT-teams, in addition to critical issues related to properly managing and securing the keys on providers’ infrastructures, they have to deal with concerns specific to multi-cloud key management. Hardware Security Module (HSM) solution that offers a secure on-premise encryption key management turned out be impracticable for widespread cloud deployment. HSM as a Service seems to be the best approach for key management in multi-cloud, but the service is wholly owned and managed by another cloud provider. In This paper, we present an efficient and secure cloud key management that fulfills the requirements of multi-cloud deployment. The proposed design splits the key into a blinded version of n shares that will be stored in encrypted format at the cloud provider side. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design, we implement a fully featured prototype and evaluate its performance. Results analysis shows that the proposed design is highly efficient and can serve as a groundwork for using secret share as a way to protect keys in a multi-cloud environment.

scholarly journals Simulation of Scalability in Cloud-Based IoT Reactive Systems Leveraged on a WSAN Simulator and Cloud Computing Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
Luis Jurado Pérez ◽  
Joaquín Salvachúa
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Queuing System ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Rapid Deployment

Implementing a wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN) in Internet of Things (IoT) applications is a complex task. The need to establish the number of nodes, sensors, and actuators, and their location and characteristics, requires a tool that allows the preliminary determination of this information. Additionally, in IoT scenarios where a large number of sensors and actuators are present, such as in a smart city, it is necessary to analyze the scalability of these systems. Modeling and simulation can help to conduct an early study and reduce development and deployment times in environments such as a smart city. The design-time verification of the system through a network simulation tool is useful for the most complex and expensive part of the system formed by a WSAN. However, the use of real components for other parts of the IoT system is feasible by using cloud computing infrastructure. Although there are cloud computing simulators, the cloud layer is poorly developed for the requirements of IoT applications. Technologies around cloud computing can be used for the rapid deployment of some parts of the IoT application and software services using containers. With this framework, it is possible to accelerate the development of the real system, facilitate the rapid deployment of a prototype, and provide more realistic simulations. This article proposes an approach for the modeling and simulation of IoT systems and services in a smart city leveraged in a WSAN simulator and technologies of cloud computing. Our approach was verified through experiments with two use cases. (1) A model of sensor and actuator networks as an integral part of an IoT application to monitor and control parks in a city. Through this use case, we analyze the scalability of a system whose sensors constantly emit data. (2) A model for cloud-based IoT reactive parking lot systems for a city. Through our approach, we have created an IoT parking system simulation model. The model contains an M/M/c/N queuing system to simulate service requests from users. In this use case, the model replication through hierarchical modeling and scalability of a distributed parking reservation service were evaluated. This last use case showed how the simulation model could provide information to size the system through probability distribution variables related to the queuing system. The experimental results show that the use of simulation techniques for this type of application makes it possible to analyze scalability in a more realistic way.

scholarly journals Multi-Cloud: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Ali Imran ◽  
Usama Latif ◽  
Ataul Aziz Ikram ◽  
Maryam Ehsan ◽  
Ahmed Jamal Ikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
End Users ◽  
End User ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cloud Service Providers ◽  
Multiple Clouds ◽  
Multi Cloud ◽  
Internal Architecture

<div>In the span of a decade, innovations in cloud computing have led to a new understanding of computing to be used as a utility. Majority of cloud service providers are making the service better and competitive for end-user. Aside from the number of services introduced by these providers, users are feeling uneasy and are unaware of consequences while switching from one service to another. Internal architecture of the cloud makes it difficult for end-users to understand. To overcome this issue a new concept of multi-cloud has been introduced. In multi-cloud technology, we can use multiple clouds from different vendors without platform complexity. Hence summarized, Multi-cloud is the usage of autonomous cloud platforms with one interface which may clue to different administrative and implementation domains. This paper reviews the literature of recently presented solutions and architectures for multi-cloud platforms.</div>

scholarly journals Multi-Cloud: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Ali Imran ◽  
Usama Latif ◽  
Ataul Aziz Ikram ◽  
Maryam Ehsan ◽  
Ahmed Jamal Ikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
End Users ◽  
End User ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cloud Service Providers ◽  
Multiple Clouds ◽  
Multi Cloud ◽  
Internal Architecture

<div>In the span of a decade, innovations in cloud computing have led to a new understanding of computing to be used as a utility. Majority of cloud service providers are making the service better and competitive for end-user. Aside from the number of services introduced by these providers, users are feeling uneasy and are unaware of consequences while switching from one service to another. Internal architecture of the cloud makes it difficult for end-users to understand. To overcome this issue a new concept of multi-cloud has been introduced. In multi-cloud technology, we can use multiple clouds from different vendors without platform complexity. Hence summarized, Multi-cloud is the usage of autonomous cloud platforms with one interface which may clue to different administrative and implementation domains. This paper reviews the literature of recently presented solutions and architectures for multi-cloud platforms.</div>

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis: Intrusion Detection in Multi-Cloud Environment to Identify Way Forward

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2533-2539
Keyword(s):  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
End User ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Multiple Clouds ◽  
Infrastructure Services ◽  
Multi Cloud

Cloud computing is the emerging platform that is covering individual and corporate needs swiftly. The spread of this global platform is ranging from infrastructure to various middleware, front-end and back- end services. At corporate level, another effective configuration of this phenomenon is multi-cloud environment, which is depicting the ultimate control of the end-user on engaging services from various cloud service providers depending on the service ranking, cost and availability. It is therefore, now very much desirable to have infrastructure services from one service provider while data services are performed on another cloud or having infrastructure services in a distributed environment on multiple clouds. Multi-cloud environment is closely linked with smartly configured security mechanism to ensure the security at rest and in transit. Intrusion detection at various levels and services of cloud platform is not an easy task and when it is spread over multiple clouds then the challenge becomes more complex and tedious. On the other side, managing and integrating a multi-cloud computing environment is also highly complex. From technical point of view, it requires experience and hi-tech skills to formulate sustainable integration between multiple clouds and a coherence among various services to provide an encapsulated platform for the end-user. As in a multicolor environment, the integration can be focused on Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) from various cloud service providers therefore an API-consistent cloud environment is required which leads to the security and more specifically intrusion detection. The problem arises when most of the existing network based intrusion detection systems are designed to deal with the known threats and attacks. These systems are dependent on a rule base that is sufficient to work in certain environment but in case of multi-cloud integration, such fixed rule bases and known-resilience becomes a point of concern. It is therefore, required to look at the intrusion detection system, which may adapt the environmental changes as well as can at least indicate the unknown / anomaly attacks or detection. Honeypot is a vibrant mechanism to divert attention of the unknown attackers and able to capture data to analyze the anomaly. Honeypots may not be so useful independently but along with an intrusion detection system; this mechanism works efficiently and provides tangible results. This research paper is focused on analyzing the multi-cloud environment, intrusion detection systems and the use of honeypots in the existing solutions to understand the possible configurations for effective results in making a sustainable, secure and scalable multi-cloud environment.

SLO-Driven Monitoring and Adaptation of Multi-Cloud Service-Based Applications

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-65
Author(s):  
Chrysostomos Zeginis ◽  
Kyriakos Kritikos ◽  
Dimitris Plexousakis
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Cloud Environments ◽  
Multiple Clouds ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Multi Cloud

Cloud computing is an emerging technology that attracts the attention of an increasing number of organizations that are willing to virtualize their infrastructure. Towards this direction, enterprises can deploy their applications on different public virtual machines (VMs), in order to reduce their operational costs, as well as optimize the performance of the offered applications. In such heterogeneous multi-cloud environments, the need for monitoring the quality of (a) the acquired resources, (b) the services offered to the final users, and (c) the offered service-based processes, and adapting them has come into force. Current research approaches addressing these areas are limited and most of them target a subset of these offerings. This chapter aims at proposing a novel event-based approach for cross-layer monitoring and adaptation of service-based applications (SBAs) deployed on multiple clouds. The proposed approach is empirically evaluated based on an invoice management application.

An Enhanced Methodology to Protect the Patient Healthcare Records Using Multi-Cloud Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
R. Josephius Arunkumar ◽  
R. Anbuselvi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Distributed Storage ◽  
Information Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Multi Cloud

Now-a-days, most hospitals and medical centers is to manage huge volume of patient’s medical records into database. It is essential to collect and access this information everywhere, to increase productivity and improve quality of health cares. Need to access electronic health information across the world and improve the quality of healthcare to patients will highlight importance of using cloud computing architecture in this area. But, despite the benefits of cloud computing applications for health care, the security challenges of cloud should be addressed. In this paper, we introduce and describe a new proposed model called Electronic Health Record with Multi-Clouds Databases. This model will ensure the privacy of persons in a network and multi-cloud environment using cryptographic algorithm and distributed storage. This model is able to store any type of data such as number, string, image, etc. in a cloud environment. The Electronic Health Record with Multi-Clouds Database prevent from illegal intrusion and access to data in cloud environment and provide services such as data integrity, confidentiality and permanent availability of data in a safe and secure way. The evaluation results of proposed method show that despite increasing time of information storage and retrieval and System overhead

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