Boko Haram's Feminization, Minorization, and Cyberization of Terrorism

2021 ◽  
pp. 344-355
Author(s):  
Adamkolo Mohammed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Suicide Terrorism ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Political Values ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Suicide Attacks

This chapter employs cybertechnology approaches to address issues related to the continuing Boko Haram insurgency in North-East Nigeria supported by cybertechnology, especially the group's deployment of girls and boys to perpetrate suicide attacks. The mass abduction of nearly 300 schoolgirls in 2014 at Chibok Community in the North-Eastern Nigerian state of Borno is widely believed as the group's first ever gendered terrorism activity, which could only be successful if cybertechnology was used to coordinate the activity. That incident raised the group's global notoriety. The aftermaths of that sad incident rather emboldened the terrorists and made them appreciate the global social and political values of girls as potent tools for suicide terrorism. Recommendations for theoretical approach and policy guidelines toward ending terrorism were discussed at the end.

The influence of submesoscale eddies on hydrochemical parameters and structural and functional characteristics of phytoplankton in the north-eastern part of the Black Sea

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Sergey B. Kuklev ◽  
Vladimir A. Silkin ◽  
Valeriy K. Chasovnikov ◽  
Andrey G. Zatsepin ◽  
Larisa A. Pautova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticyclonic Eddy ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Hydrochemical Parameters ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Seasonal Thermocline ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City ◽  
North Eastern Part

On June 7, 2018, a sub-mesoscale anticyclonic eddy induced by the wind (north-east) was registered on the shelf in the area of the city of Gelendzhik. With the help of field multidisciplinary expedition ship surveys, it was shown that this eddy exists in the layer above the seasonal thermocline. At the periphery of the eddy weak variability of hydrochemical parameters and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton were recorded. The result of the formation of such eddy structure was a shift in the structure of phytoplankton – the annual observed coccolithophores bloom was not registered.

Taxonomy of Nystiellidae (Caenogastropoda, Epitonioidea) from Brazil, with description of three new species from the South-western Atlantic

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1619-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Dias Pimenta ◽  
Bruno Garcia Andrade ◽  
Ricardo Silva Absalão
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern

A taxonomic revision of the Nystiellidae from Brazil, including samples from the Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic, was performed based on shell morphology. Five genera and 17 species were recognized. For the richest genus,Eccliseogyra, the three species previously recorded from Brazil were revised:E. brasiliensisandE. maracatu, previously known only from their respective type series, were re-examined. Newly available material ofE. maracatuexpanded the known geographic range of this species to off south-east Brazil.Eccliseogyra nitidais now recorded from north-eastern to south-eastern Brazil, as well as from the Rio Grande Rise. Three species ofEccliseogyraare newly recorded from the South Atlantic:E. monnioti, previously known from the north-eastern Atlantic, occurs off eastern Brazil and on the Rio Grande Rise; its protoconch is described for the first time, confirming its family allocation.Eccliseogyra pyrrhiasoccurs off eastern Brazil and on the Rio Grande Rise, andE. folinioff eastern Brazil. The genusIphitusis newly recorded from the South Atlantic.Iphitus robertsiwas found off northern Brazil, although the shells show some differences from the type material, with less-pronounced spiral keels. Additional new finds showed thatIphitus cancellatusranges from eastern Brazil to the Rio Grande Rise, and Iphitusnotiossp. nov. is restricted to the Rio Grande Rise.Narrimania, previously recorded from Brazil based on dubious records, is confirmed, including the only two living species described for the genus:N. azelotes, previously only known from the type locality in Florida, andN. concinna, previously known from the Mediterranean. A third species,Narrimania raquelaesp. nov. is described from eastern Brazil, diagnosed by its numerous and thinner cancellate sculpture. To the three species ofOpaliopsispreviously known from Brazil, a fourth species,O. arnaldoisp. nov., is added from eastern Brazil, and diagnosed by its very thin spiral sculpture, absence of a varix, and thinner microscopic parallel axial striae.Papuliscala nordestina, originally described from north-east Brazil, is recorded off eastern Brazil and synonymized withP. elongata, a species previously known only from the North Atlantic.

scholarly journals An Ethical investigation of State and the Management of Internally Displaced Persons: Nigeria as a case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanyichukwu M. Abada ◽  
Nneka Ifeoma Okafor ◽  
Nkemjika C. Duru
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Population Displacement ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Rising Incidence

The decision among human beings to change their places of residence has remained an age-long strategy of survival practiced for a very long time. However, the migratory activities associated with internal population displacement are often propelled by forced migration occasioned by natural or anthropogenic forces or a combination of both. The upsurge of internal population displacement in the Nigerian state is incontrovertible given the maniacal campaign of the Boko Haram insurgency in the North-east region. The dilemma of internally displaced persons and the imperative management have proven a formidable challenge to the Nigerian state. The aim of this paper therefore is to ethically investigate whether the ineffective control of the Boko Haram insurgency by the state is implicated in the rising incidence of internally displaced persons and evident vulnerabilities. The study adopted qualitative research which relied heavily on the documentary method of data collection and, guided by the ‘Marxist theory of the post-colonial state’ as a theoretical underpinning. The findings of this paper showed that the ineffective control of Boko Haram insurgency by the state was implicated in the rising incidence of internal population displacement in the North-east. The paper critically observed that the state and its agencies like the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), State Emergency Management Agencies (SEMAs), National Commission for Refugees, Migration and Internally Displaced Persons (NCFRMI), Presidential Initiative for the North East (PINE), Presidential Committee on the North-East Initiative (PCNI), among others have become the main instruments for the advancement of the interests of the dominant class. The study however recommends amongst other things that the state should ethically rethink its narrow strategy against Boko Haram insurgency through the adoption of a broader approach according to the dictates of Nigeria’s Countering Violent Extremism framework.

scholarly journals The geology of the north-eastern corner of Greenland - photogeological studies and 1993 field work

1994 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
H.F Jepsen ◽  
J.C Escher ◽  
J.D Friderichsen ◽  
A.K Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Mobile Belt ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Upper Proterozoic ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Field Season ◽  
Upper Boundary ◽  
Middle Proterozoic

Late Archaean and Early Proterozoic crust-forming events in North-East and eastern North Greenland were succeeded by Middle Proterozoic sedimentation and volcanic activity; Late Proterozoic through Tertiary sedimentation was interrupted by several periods of tectonic activity, including the Caledonian orogeny in East Greenland and the Mesozoic deformation of the Wandel Hav mobile belt. Photogeological studies helped pinpoint areas of special interest which were investigated during the short 1993 field season. Insights gained during field work include: the nature of the crystalline basement terrain in the Caledonian fold belt, redefinition of the upper boundary of the Upper Proterozoic Rivieradal sandstones, revision of Caledonian nappe terminology, and the northern extension of the Caledonian Storstrømmen shear zone.

The Comparative Feeding Ecology of Six Species of Shark and Four Species of Ray (Elasmobranchii) In The North-East Atlantic

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Ellis ◽  
M.G. Pawson ◽  
S.E. Shackley
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Dietary Breadth ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Commercial Species

The stomach contents of ten species of elasmobranch from the north-eastern Atlantic indicate that most are generalist predators, eating a variety of polychaetes, molluscs, crustaceans and teleosts. Two species, Mustelus asterias and Squatina scjuatina were found to be specialist feeders, consuming portunid crabs and pleuronectids, respectively. Measures for both dietary breadth and dietary overlap are given and the implications of elasmobranch predation on the prey communities and on commercial species are discussed.

Implication of SASEC Tourism Initiatives on North Eastern States of India

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-52
Author(s):  
Supriya Dam
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Look

India's North Eastern Region (NER) stretches from the foothills of the Himalayas in the eastern range and is surrounded by international borders with countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Tibet Autonomous Region), Nepal, and Myanmar. The landlocked region is constrained by a brief spell of insurgency, and dismal unemployment has affected the region's progress since 1947. The advent of the Look East Policy coupled with a number of South Asia sub-regional arrangements with neighboring countries opened a “Pandora's Box” for this region. The SASEC initiatives of ADB helped to improve the status of tourism and infrastructure, including roads, air connectivity, and also opened cross-border land routes and roads within the North East (NE). The present study takes stock of tourism development from a sustainability perspective and examines the implementation of the SASEC tourism project in eight NE States of India with a view to suggest priority areas for action for promotion of tourism in this region.

Implication of SASEC Tourism Initiatives on North Eastern States of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 690-709
Author(s):  
Supriya Dam
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Look

India's North Eastern Region (NER) stretches from the foothills of the Himalayas in the eastern range and is surrounded by international borders with countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Tibet Autonomous Region), Nepal, and Myanmar. The landlocked region is constrained by a brief spell of insurgency, and dismal unemployment has affected the region's progress since 1947. The advent of the Look East Policy coupled with a number of South Asia sub-regional arrangements with neighboring countries opened a “Pandora's Box” for this region. The SASEC initiatives of ADB helped to improve the status of tourism and infrastructure, including roads, air connectivity, and also opened cross-border land routes and roads within the North East (NE). The present study takes stock of tourism development from a sustainability perspective and examines the implementation of the SASEC tourism project in eight NE States of India with a view to suggest priority areas for action for promotion of tourism in this region.

The Impact of Terrorism on Trade in Nigeria and Chad

2022 ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
Isaac Terungwa Terwase ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Abubakar Sambo Mohammed ◽  
Safwan Mikaila Sani
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Group ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
North Eastern Part

The Boko Haram conflict started in Nigeria from a city in the north-eastern part of the country known as Maiduguri in 2009 during the administration of President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua. It was a new thing to Nigeria considering the fact that the country was yet to witness terrorism and its activities. Boko Haram later continued after the death of President Yar'Adua, and they became stronger during the President Jonathan's administration. Boko Haram later transformed from an insurgent group into a terrorist group where they spread from Nigeria to other parts of African countries such as Chad, Niger, and Cameroon. This has it effects, impacts, and consequences on trade in Africa. The objective of this chapter is to draw the impact of terrorism on trade with specific attention to Nigeria and Chad.

Lichens from Changbai Shan—Some Additions to the Lichen Flora of North-East China

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hertel ◽  
C.-F. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
New Records ◽  
East China ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Saxicolous Lichens ◽  
Lichen Flora

AbstractTwenty-five mainly crustose and saxicolous lichens are reported from the subalpine and alpine belts of Mt Changbai (n.-e. China, near the Korean border). All are new records to the lichen flora of the north-eastern provinces of China, 12 of them to the flora of all China, and four to the flora of all Asia. There is some floristic similarity to some other areas with cool humid climates in the Northern Hemisphere, e.g. Iceland.

ARTICULATIONS OF BELONGING: THE POLITICS OF ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS PLURALISM IN BAUCHI AND GOMBE STATES, NORTH-EAST NIGERIA

Africa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Higazi ◽  
Jimam Lar
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Collective Violence ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
North East ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Inclusive System ◽  
Islam And Christianity

ABSTRACTNorth-east Nigeria is an area of great ethno-linguistic diversity and religious pluralism, with Islam and Christianity both having a strong presence. The majority of the population is Muslim but there is also a substantial indigenous Christian minority, who form a majority in some local government areas. This paper draws on fieldwork by the authors in two north-eastern states, Bauchi and Gombe, to explore why, despite comparable religious demographics, there are marked differences in the levels of collective violence experienced in the two states. Although ethno-religious violence has increased across northern Nigeria since the 1980s, some areas have been more affected than others. To understand why this is, it is necessary to place ethnic and religious differences in their local historical and political contexts. This paper compares Gombe and Bauchi and argues that, although there are complaints of marginalization among different groups in both cases, Gombe State has developed a more inclusive system of government and local conflict management than Bauchi State. We explore what accounts for this difference in the articulation and management of belonging and whether the contrast is significant enough to explain differential levels of violence. In doing so, we consider how inter-ethnic and inter-religious relations have been shaped historically in the two cases and compare current forms of collective mobilization, considering different social and political spaces within each state. The paper also briefly outlines the impacts of the radical insurgent group Jama'at ahl al-sunna li'l-da'wa wa'l-jihad, nicknamed Boko Haram, in Bauchi and Gombe states.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document