Framing Gun Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-177
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
Human Interest ◽  
The Right ◽  
Emotional Approach

This chapter builds upon the discussion that began in the previous chapter about possible gun-related legislative options to reduce mass shootings. Discussed here are the framing approaches that could be utilized to mobilize the movement. Prior to that, there will be a discussion about the role of mass shootings in prompting debates about gun policies. The role that interest groups play in the process will be detailed. The chapter then moves on to discuss a number of frames centering on gun violence that could persuade people to support tighter gun regulations: an emotional approach predicated on the human interest side of the issue; a public health angle, treating it as an illness; a rights and responsibilities frame, where the right to own a gun is coupled with a responsibility to use it safely.

The Origins of Human Rights in Global Health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Gostin ◽  
Benjamin Mason Meier
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Global Health ◽  
International Law ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Right To Health Care ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The Right

This chapter introduces the foundational importance of human rights for global health, providing a theoretical basis for the edited volume by laying out the role of human rights under international law as a normative basis for public health. By addressing public health harms as human rights violations, international law has offered global standards by which to frame government responsibilities and evaluate health practices, providing legal accountability in global health policy. The authors trace the historical foundations for understanding the development of human rights and the role of human rights in protecting and promoting health since the end of World War II and the birth of the United Nations. Examining the development of human rights under international law, the authors introduce the right to health as an encompassing right to health care and underlying determinants of health, exploring this right alongside other “health-related human rights.”

s.Two Implementation and Accountability, 8 Justiciability of Human Rights for Health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flood Colleen M ◽  
Thomas Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Health And Human Rights ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Health Related ◽  
State Obligations ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines both the power and limitations of litigation as a means of facilitating accountability for the advancement of public health. While almost half of the world’s constitutions now contain a justiciable right to health, the impact of litigation has been mixed. Judicial accountability has, in some cases, advanced state obligations to realize the highest attainable standard of health, but in other cases, litigation has threatened the solidarity undergirding public health systems. There is significant country-to-country variation in interpreting health-related human rights, as well as differing views of the proper role of courts in interpreting and enforcing these rights. Surveying regional human rights systems and national judicial efforts to address health and human rights, it is necessary to analyze how courts have approached—and how they should approach—litigation of the right to health and health-related human rights to improve health for all.

Lockdown Drills in Kindergarten

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Karla Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Vicarious Trauma ◽  
School Shootings ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Impact

This chapter, “Lockdown Drills in Kindergarten,” examines the primary childhood experience that sets Generation Disaster apart from previous cohorts: their early awareness of the threat of school shootings and other types of mass gun violence. It explores the impact of participating in school lockdown drills throughout primary and secondary school and how these security activities can increase distress and anxiety for some children. It describes how extremely rare school-based rampage attacks are relative to much more common forms of gun violence that receive less media attention. The chapter also discusses the role of social media in mass shootings, including as a motivator for copycat attacks and a source of vicarious trauma through exposing viewers to unfiltered images of violence.

Cooperation, Conflict, and Reaction

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Cumbler
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New England ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Stream Pollution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

When James Olcott spoke before Connecticut farmers for “anti-stream pollution,” he urged the public to mobilize to stop water pollution by “ignorant or reckless capitalists.” In identifying the “ignorant and reckless capitalists,” Olcott focused the attention of the farmers on industrial waste and the role of manufacturers in their search for profits in causing pollution. Although manufacturers and the courts argued that industrialization brought wealth and prosperity to New England and hence was a general good, Olcott challenged this idea. He saw the issue as a conflict between industrialization and its costs on the one hand and the public good on the other. Concern over industrial pollution and the potential conflict between it and public health had already arisen in Massachusetts. Although the Massachusetts State Board of Health realized that the interests of the “capitalists” and those of the public health officials might be in conflict, in 1872 it hoped that with improved knowledge, “a way will be eventually found to joining them into harmonious relations,” much as Lyman believed science and technology would resolve the conflict between fishers and mill owners. The board's interest in “harmonious relations” also reflected a realization that at least for the last several years, the courts had seen pollution as an inevitable consequence of civilization and had been favorable toward industrialists, especially if no obvious alternative to dumping pollution existed. In 1866, William Merrifield sued Nathan Lombard because Lombard had dumped “Vitriol and other noxious substances” into the stream above Merrifield's factory, “corrupting” the water so badly that it destroyed his boiler. Chief Justice Bigelow ruled that Lombard had invaded Merrifield's rights. “Each riparian owner,” the judge wrote, “has the right to use the water for any reasonable and proper purpose. . . . An injury to the purity or quality of the water to the detriment of the other riparian owners, constitutes in legal effect, a wrong.” In 1872, Merrifield again went to court, claiming the City of Worcester regularly dumped sewage into Mill Brook, by which the waters became greatly corrupted and unfit to use.”

Using Litigation to Make Public Health Policy: Theoretical and Empirical Challenges in Assessing Product Liability, Tobacco, and Gun Litigation

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Lytton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Product Liability ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Liability Claims

In recent years, a number of prominent scholars have touted the use of litigation as an effective tool for making public health policy. For example, Stephen Teret and Michael Jacobs have asserted that product liability claims against car makers have played a significant role in reducing automobile-related injuries, Peter Jacobson and Kenneth Warner have argued that litigation against cigarette manufacturers has advanced the cause of tobacco control, and Phil Cook and Jens Ludwig have suggested that lawsuits against the firearms industry can reduce gun violence. Critics have attacked this use of litigation as doing more harm than good to public health and as a misuse of the courts. This debate involves two distinct controversies: one over whether the public health benefits of litigation outweigh its costs and the other over the proper role of courts within our system of government.

scholarly journals Peran BPOM dalam Melakukan Pengawasan terhadap Pangan Tanpa Izin Edar

Wajah Hukum ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Tresya Tresya
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Right

Food is a basic need as the right of every human being and as one of the determinants of the quality of human resources. Nutritional imbalances due to unsure food consumption have an impact on public health as consumers. This study aims to find out and analyze the security of the food and the role of the BPOM as a party that assists in monitoring food security. The method used is an approach in this approach method, the author employs an empirical juridical approach, namely research conducted on existing legal facts by conducting research directly into the field to determine the implementation and problems that arise.

scholarly journals Some Corner of a Chinese Field: The politics of remembering foreign veterans of the Taiping civil war

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1134-1171
Author(s):  
JONATHAN CHAPPELL
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Transnational Politics ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Treaty Port ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Foreign Fighters ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe memory of the foreign involvement in the Taiping war lasted long after the fall of the Taiping capital at Nanjing in 1864. The events were commemorated by various actors, Chinese and foreign, from the end of the war until the end of the treaty-port century in 1943 when the right to extraterritoriality was abrogated. This article explores the commemorations of the foreign role through three media: the issuing of medals to foreign fighters, the building of memorials to the foreign dead, and the writing of histories of the events. Across these media, different interest groups used the foreign interventions as a proxy for continuing debates about the role of foreigners in China and about China's place in the world. More broadly, the commemorations of the role of foreign fighters in the Taiping war is a case study in the transnational politics of memory. The memories of the war were contested or commemorated not just by states, but also by individuals and groups whose views often diverged from those of their government. By tracing how memories of the war were remembered and forgotten, we can trace the insecurities of different interest groups over time and their perceived power relative to each other.

scholarly journals Comparing Emergency Department Gunshot Wound Data with Mass Casualty Shooting Reports

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
Mass Shooting ◽  
Zip Code

ObjectiveTo determine whether mass casualty shooting events are capturedvia syndromic surveillance data.IntroductionShootings with multiple victims are a concern for public safetyand public health. The precise impact of such events and the trendsassociated with them is dependent on which events are counted. Somereports only consider events with multiple deaths, typically four ormore, while other reports also include events with multiple victimsand at least one death.1Underreporting is also a concern. Somecommonly cited databases for these events are based on media reportsof shootings which may or may not capture the complete set of eventsthat meet whatever criteria are being considered.Many gunshot wounds are treated in the emergency departmentsetting. Emergency department registrations routinely collected forsyndromic surveillance will capture all of those visits. Analysis ofthat data may be useful as a supplement to mass shooting databases byidentifying unreported events. In addition, clusters of gunshot woundincidents which are not the result of a single shooting event but stillrepresent significant public safety and public health concerns mayalso be identified.MethodsEmergency department registration data was collected fromhospitals via the EpiCenter syndromic surveillance system. Gunshot-related visits were identified based on chief complaint contentsusing EpiCenter’s regular expression-based classification system.The gunshot wound classifier attempts to exclude patients with pre-existing wounds and shooting incidents involving weapon classes thatare lesser concerns for public safety, such as nail guns and toy guns.Gunshot-related visits were clustered by day of registration andseparately by facility, by patient home zip code, and by patienthome county. The largest clusters of each type were compared viamanual search against media reports of shootings and against the GunViolence Archive mass shooting database.ResultsA total of 23,132 gunshot-related visits were identified from 635healthcare facilities from 2013 to 2015. From these, the five largestclusters by facility, by zip code, and by county were identified. Theclusters included 112 gunshot wounds in total, ranging in size from4 to 12 with a median of 7.Of the 5 facility clusters, 5 had a corresponding media story and 2were located in the shooting database. Of the 5 zip code clusters, 1 hada corresponding media story and none were located in the shootingdatabase. Of the 5 county clusters, 4 had a corresponding media storyand 1 was located in the shooting database.ConclusionsMultiple gunshot wound patients being treated on the same daywere not necessarily all shot during the same incident or by the sameshooter. The information available in a syndromic surveillance feeddoes not allow for direct identification of the shooter or shooters.Given that limitation, a complete correspondence between clustersidentified in syndromic surveillance data and mass shootings was notexpected. The strong correlation between clusters and media coverageindicates that the news is a reasonable source for shooting data. Thesmaller overlap with the mass shooting database is likely due to themore stringent criteria required for an incident to qualify as a massshooting.It is still notable that the majority of gunshot clusters were notassociated with any particular mass shooting incident. This serves asa reminder that mass shootings represent only a small portion of thetotal gun violence in the United States. Healthcare data representsa significant additional data source for understanding the completeimpact of gun violence on public health and safety.Weekly time series of gunshot-related emergency department visits

The role of research in addressing the public health problem of gun violence

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick P Rivara ◽  
Richard Sattin ◽  
Andrea Gielen ◽  
Debra Houry
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
The Public
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