The Role of Tax Systems in Preventing Corruption

2021 ◽  
pp. 381-396
Author(s):  
Simla Güzel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Investment Environment ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Illegal Activities

The determinants of corruption have long been an important subject for research in the fields of economics and political science. Corruption was not deemed as a significant issue in the pre-democratic era and has become a serious issue later on. Corruption can be defined as “exploitation of public power to gain private gain.” It is a problem that occurs for various reasons and causes various effects. It may occur due to the occurrence of illegal activities in the political and economic system, as well as due to social and individual moral issues. Corruption has disruptive effects on the functioning of the economic, political, and social system. The aim of this study is to determine the duties of states towards a tax system to combat financial corruption. Corruption in the tax system affects the investment environment negatively, which slows down economic growth.

Re-Thinking the Role of Institutions in Neoliberalism From New Institutional Economics Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Ilke Civelekoglu ◽  
Basak Ozoral
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
New Institutional Economics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Formal Institutions ◽  
Fertile Ground

In an attempt to discuss neoliberalism with a reference to new institutional economics, this chapter problematizes the role of formal institutions in the neoliberal age by focusing on a specific type of formal institution, namely property rights in developing countries. New institutional economics (NIE) argues that secure property rights are important as they guarantee investments and thus, promote economic growth. This chapter discusses why the protection of property rights is weak and ineffective in certain developing countries despite their endorsement of neoliberalism by shedding light on the link between the institutional structure of the state and neoliberalism in the developing world. With the political economy perspective, the chapter aims to build a bridge between NIE and political economy, and thereby providing fertile ground for the advancement of NIE.

Political Theory and Political Economy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Elkin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Core ◽  
Democratic Societies

This article describes the connection between political theory and political economy. It argues that political theorists need to take account of political economy in theorizing about the contemporary world because capitalism is the most powerful force at work in shaping the modern sociopolitical world. It also explains that economic questions concerning economic growth, the distribution of wealth and income, and role of markets are at the core of the political life in democratic societies.

Role of Institutional Investors in the Resource Provision of the Region’s Economic Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2439
Author(s):  
Tatyana Sergeevna KOLMYKOVA ◽  
Oleg Vladimirovich OSTIMUK ◽  
Anna Sergeyevna OBUKHOVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Investment Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Kursk Region

The article examines the role of institutional investors in resource provision of the region's economic growth (on the materials of the Kursk region, Russia). The goal of the study is to analyze the current state and trends in the development of investment activities of institutional investors within the economic boundaries of a particular geographic region, the results of which allow to identify the main priority areas in the development of the investment environment for the activities of the regional economy entities under study. The scientific novelty of the study involves shaping the priority area sin the development of the region's economy based on the formation of an efficient investment environment and creation of favorable socioeconomic conditions for the activities of institutional investors. The completed study is based on the methods of economic and statistical analysis and economic modeling. The main result of the study is the development of priorities for the development of investment activities of institutional investors with the purpose of improving the resource provision of the region's economic growth.

Comparative Study of the Promotion of S&T to Economic and Social Development in Hubei

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 2289-2292
Author(s):  
Wei Zou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social System ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Progress Monitoring ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Input And Output

Integrated progress of S&T is the important factor in the Economic and Social System. Based on the analysis of the economic and social growth and integrated progress of S&T in Hubei Province during Eleventh Five-Year, with the concept of the system and in the perspective of input and output, this paper used the national statistics and the regional scientific and technological progress monitoring indicators, put forward to the deep comparative analysis among Hubei and Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and Fujian provinces in the eastern on socio-economic growth, integrated progress of S&T and promotion of S&T to economic and social development, then some countermeasures how Hubei to enhance the role of S&T were put forword.

scholarly journals An econometric study of the role of the political stability on the relationship between democracy and economic growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-206
Author(s):  
Nedra Baklouti ◽  
Younes Boujelbene
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the nexus between democracy and economic growth while taking into account the role of political stability, using dynamic panel data model estimated by means of the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) over the period 1998 to 2011 for 17 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Our empirical results showed that there is a bidirectional causal relationship between democracy and economic growth. Moreover, it was found that the effect of democracy on economic growth depends on the political stability. The results also indicated that there is important complementarity between political stability and democracy. In fact, political stability is a key determinant variable of economic growth. Eventually, democracy and political stability, taken together, have a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth. This finding suggests that, if accompanied by a stable political system, democracy can contribute to the economic growth of countries. Thus, the MENA governments should use policies to promote political stability in the region.

Thwarted Comparative Advantage, Economic Policy and Industrialization in the Dominican Republic and Trinidad and Tobago

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 147-168
Author(s):  
Francisco E. Thoumi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
External Sector ◽  
Relative Profitability

Economic growth and government policies in small Caribbean countries have been conditioned (1) by the very large fluctuations in their external sector which continuously change the relative profitability of the various productive sectors of their economies, greatly complicating the macroeconomics management of their economies; (2) by the attempts of their governments to cope with those fluctuations; and (3) by the political economy relations that prevail in those countries, and that determine the nature of government intervention and the role of the private sector.

scholarly journals PERAN PEMERINTAH KOTA SURABAYA DALAM PENGATURAN TRANSPORTASI PUBLIK KOTA SURABAYA: STUDI PERKOTAAN PROGRAM “SUROBOYO BUS”

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
M. Bayu Winaryo ◽  
Ucu Martanto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

The research focuses on the role of government institutions related to regulating public transportation in the city of Surabaya. Transportation is one sector which influences the economic growth of a city, the potential to be utilized as a commodity used in obtaining sources of power by some parties. Because in the practice of management, how a ruling regime is able to regulate, control and determine the direction of policy that will influence various efforts taken by the government to encourage economic growth from the region so as to be able to "turn on industrial machinery in its territory" and create new economic growth centers. Suroboyo Bus is also a manifestation of ongoing democracy in the city of Surabaya. In this study, we will explain several problems, first discussing the institutions involved in the process of forming a political decision related to the management of Suroboyo Bus, secondly about the interests involved in the political decision, the three relations that will emerge during the process. In this study it is known that the mayor is the institution that most determines the direction of policy that will be taken in the transportation sector in the city of Surabaya.

scholarly journals Unleashing the Indirect Influence of FDI in Environmental Degradation via Financial Development and Economic Growth. New Evidence from Asian Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Muhmmad Qamri ◽  
Bing Sheng ◽  
Rana Ejaz Ali Khan ◽  
Wasisfah Hanim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Mediating Role

Abstract Background:Scholars in developed and emerging economies have widely tested the interactions between foreign direct investment, financial development, economic growth and environmental degradation. Despite a number of empirical and review studies, it is not yet wrap up either the associations are negative, positive, direct or indirect. Additionally, minor attention is given to the indirect role of foreign direct investment in environmental degradation; perhaps no study has yet demonstrated the mediating role of financial development and economic growth between foreign direct investment and environmental degradation in Asian economies. Referring to the fragmented outputs and consequences as well as lacking the indirect role, the present study examines the influence of foreign direct investment on environmental degradation with the mediating role of financial development and economic growth. Results:Secondary data of 21 Asian countries from 1980-2018 were gathered from World Bank Indicators and then performed STATA to test the paths. Our findings are slightly different from the studies conducted in developed economies. The results indicate that foreign direct investment significantly improves environmental quality by deteriorating environmental pollution. It also significantly improves economic growth in the selected regions. Surprisingly, our study shows that foreign direct investment has a significant negative influence on financial development in the Asian regions. Both financial development and economic growth significantly negatively influence environmental degradation in Asian regions. However, financial development partially mediates while economic growth does not play any mediating role between foreign direct investment and environmental degradation in the Asian countries. Trade openness and population growth as control factors do not show any significant role in the model. Conclusions:This research recommends policymakers to focus on the inflow of foreign direct investment in order to enhance economic growth and environmental quality. It is strongly suggested for policymakers to attenuate the political intervention (e.g. ensure the political stability) in the inflow of foreign direct investment, so financial resources can be impartially distributed in the industrial sector and thus the nations will have an effective financial development system. Other implications have described.

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