Reduction in Environmental Pollution Due to Lockdown in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-255
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arif ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Shagufta Parveen ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Jagvir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Earth System ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Yamuna River ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Matter Concentration

The Indian government imposed a countrywide lockdown on 25 March 2020 to contain the COVID-19 virus. The lockdown has led to a tremendous economic loss because of the closing of all industries and other activities. However, it has brought a brighter side to environmental quality improvement. This study assesses the influence of lockdown on Delhi-NCR's air and water quality. The earth system rejuvenated during the lockdown. An effort is made to understand the water quality of the Yamuna River in Delhi and the air quality of the Delhi-National Capital Region (Delhi NCR) during the lockdown. In the Yamuna River surrounding Delhi, a reduction of 1-10%, 33-66%, 51%, 45-90%, and 33-82%, respectively, in pH, EC, DO, BOD, and COD has been observed compared to the pre-lockdown. Similarly, the particulate matter concentration reduced by 31-53% in PM10 and 22-48% in PM2.5 during the lockdown of 2020 in comparison to the earlier years (2018 and 2019). Hence, the periodic lockdown has positively impacted the air and water quality in Delhi NCR.

Impact of Lockdown on Health of the Yamuna river at Delhi Stretch, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MANOJ KUMAR SHUKLA
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Yamuna River ◽  
Industrial Pollutants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Present study points out the impact of Lockdown on the health of the Yamuna river at Delhi stretch by comparing prelockdown and Post-lockdown period by studying the reports of pollution monitoring agencies. Delhi segment of the Yamuna is highly polluted, where alongwith domestic sewage a huge quantity of industrial waste is being discharged continuously without proper treatment. Pre lockdown (March 2020) water quality parameters at three sampling stations named as Palla, Nizammuddin Bridge and Okhla barrage U/s in Delhi were, pH were 8.7, 7.3 and 7.2, DO were 17.1 mg/L, not detected in later two sites, BOD were 7.9 mg/L, 57 mg/L and 27 mg/L and COD were 28 mg/L, 90 mg/L and 95 mg/L respectively and postlockdown period (April 2020) the pH was 7.8, 7.2 and 7.1, DO was 8.3 mg/L, 2.4 mg/L and 1.2 mg/L BOD was 2 mg/L, 5.6 mg/ L and 6.1 mg/L and COD were 6 mg/L, 16 mg/L and 18 mg/L respectively. The study of these parameters at three sampling stations reveals that the lack of industrial pollutants discharging due to nationwide lockdown for COVID-19 pandemic had positive effect on water quality of this river. Water quality could be maintained by planned establishment of industries and setup of ETP with without gap between generation and treatment.

Economic Damage Due to Ozone Pollution in NCR

2016 ◽  
pp. 284-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Quality Models ◽  
Statistical Life ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Significant Burden

Air pollution is a serious concern not just for human health but for agriculture also. This puts significant burden on the economy of a region. This paper assesses the health and agricultural damage caused by prevailing Ozone concentrations in National Capital Region (NCR) of India. The analysis is based on modelled and validated Ozone concentrations using state of the art air quality models. Established dose response relationships are used for assessment of impact over human health and agriculture. Value of statistical life approach and minimum support prices are used for economic evaluation of health and agricultural impacts, respectively. More than 3000 mortalities and loss of more than 1300 kt of agricultural crops can be attributed to Ozone pollution. An annual economic loss of about 1.27 billion USD is estimated on account of Ozone pollution in NCR. This study calls for sustainable development of the region which promotes growth without affecting the environmental quality.

scholarly journals Indian Counselors’ Comfort and Interventions With Sexuality-Related Concerns

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401882176
Author(s):  
Shivangi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Counselor Training ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Capital City ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues

Sexuality is an important aspect of an individual’s life which is often surrounded by stigma. The lack of acceptability to talk about sexuality creates considerable stress for individuals. Consequently, sexuality concerns present themselves in psychotherapy. In such situations, the counselors’ ability to create a safe environment, develop an empathic understanding, and affirm the client’s identity facilitates competent practice. Counselors’ ability to engage with issues of sexuality may, in turn, be determined by their own comfort. Thus, to understand the quality of counseling available for sexuality concerns, it is primary to study the counselors’ comfort and interventions with these issues. For this exploratory study, self-constructed questionnaires were administered to 31 counselors from Delhi, capital city of India and the National Capital Region (NCR), with a postgraduate degree in psychology and at least a year experience as practicing counselors. Ten case vignettes were presented and the counselors were asked to rate their comfort on a 5-point Likert-type scale and provide three interventions. Descriptive analysis of the Likert-type scale responses was undertaken while the interventions listed were analyzed thematically. The counselors perceived themselves to be very comfortable with sexuality concerns and obtained a mean score of 41.806 out of 50. Counselors’ interventions were reflective of their approach, and some interventions employed could be conceptualized along the affirmative sexuality framework. The counselors listed evidence-based strategies which were influenced by their own theoretical orientation and experience. The counselors varied in their engagement with ethical and legal issues. This study has implications for research, counselor training, and practice.

Water Quality Improvement of a Reservoir Invaded by an Exotic Macrophyte

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Rodríguez ◽  
Jacques Brisson ◽  
Guillermo Rueda ◽  
Manuel S. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Secchi Disk ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Ecological Service ◽  
Quality Assessments

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the macrophyte waterhyacinth on the water quality of a reservoir in Colombia. Postinvasion water quality assessments were performed during three different hydrological periods and compared with preinvasion data. The results show that water quality has improved, especially in terms of transparency, showing an increase in Secchi disk values from 0.3 to 2 m (1 to 6.6 ft). The analysis strongly suggests that the improvement in water quality is due to the filtering and precipitation effects provided by waterhyacinth. This case highlights the dilemma of managing an invasive species that provides a beneficial ecological service while posing a high ecological risk.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metals in Ground Water of Different Locations of National Capital Region, Delhi, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
J. Dinakaran ◽  
N. S. Abbas ◽  
Shvetambri Arora ◽  
Sujata Bhardwaj ◽  
Babeeta C. Kaula
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Study Sites

The quality of ground water in any region of the world entirely depends on different types of chemical constituents and their concentration levels in surrounding environment or dissolved in water. The main aim of this study was to assess some basic hydro-chemical parameters and heavy metals in ground water of National Capital Region (NCR), India. Thus, we have collected ground water samples from different sources viz., Najafargarh (NG), Bindapur (BP), Dwarka (BC and BG), Uttam Nagar (UN) and Sonipat (SP) in the NCR and analyzed electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), and Lead (Pb). The values of EC, TDS and salinity across the study sites range from 0.32 to 11.41 mS/cm, 233 to 8100 ppm and 154 to 6310 ppm respectively. Whereas, the mean level of heavy ion concentration in ground water was in the sequence of Zn > Ni > Cr > Pb > As > Cu > Cd across the study sites. It has been concluded that, except for Uttam Nagar, ground water from all study sites is contaminated with heavy metals like Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb and As. Therefore, the ground water from study sites that are polluted is unfit for drinking purpose and may pose health risks.

Review and Suggestions Related to Disease Prevention and Water Quality Improvement in Xinjiang Rural Areas, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 1896-1899
Author(s):  
Qiao Li ◽  
Jin Long Zhou ◽  
Chun Yan Bai ◽  
Yu Yuan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quality Improvement Project ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Water Project

This paper summarizes the prevalence of waterborne diseases before disease prevention and water quality improvement project in Xinjiang rural areas, China; the measures taken in disease prevention and water quality improvement; and the current situation of the quality of rural drinking water project. Suggestions concerning the improvement of disease prevention and water quality improvement project in Xinjiang rural areas are also proposed.

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