The Evolution of Community Development Banks Influenced by E-Payment and Its Social Impact on Brazil

2022 ◽  
pp. 229-249
Author(s):  
Otávio L. C. Romano Jr. ◽  
Bruno R. D. Lucena ◽  
Armando Lirio de Souza ◽  
Thiago Poleto
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
Disadvantaged Populations ◽  
Low Interest Rates

Microcredit involves offering credit in small amounts and at low interest rates to economically disadvantaged populations and those who cannot offer guarantees. The offer of microcredit for solidarity purposes is not aimed at increasing an organization's profits but rather toward local economic development and as an initiative to eradicate poverty. The first community development bank was founded in Brazil in 1998. Such banks offer financial, solidary-based, networked services of an associative nature and are aimed at reorganizing local economies through job and income generation and establishment of a solidarity economy. This chapter presents the following problem question: How has the mobile payment or electronic payment technology impacted the performance of Brazilian solidary digital banks? It also presents guidelines for replicating this model in developing countries.

scholarly journals DIVERSIFICATION OF LOCAL STRUCTURAL ECONOMIC POLICY OF CITIES: CONCEPTUAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryana Melnyk ◽  
Iryna Leshchukh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Urban Economy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Global Challenges

Modern global challenges and threats actualize the search for ways to diversify urban development in order to increase their competitiveness and resilience to global challenges. The article proposes a conceptual approach to the diversification of local economic policy of cities (on the example of cities in the Western region of Ukraine), taking into account the loads of transformations in the structure of their economy. This approach includes the following areas: development of economic sectors with growing economic and social impact, strategic competitiveness; support for the innovative vector of development; infrastructure development and formation of a favorable business environment; digitalization of economic activity. The key principle of the policy of structural transformation of the urban economy should be to ensure sustainable community development (ie achieving economic, environmental and social balance). Other important principles are: efficiency, effectiveness and strategic orientation; social cohesion; stability (manifested in the ability of the local economy to minimize the negative effects of exogenous factors and adapt to new conditions or change the vector of its sustainable development); partnership between different stakeholders (in particular, within the framework of inter-municipal / inter-regional cooperation on the implementation of major infrastructure, social, cultural, innovative, etc. projects); innovation and efficiency. The results of the structural transformation of the urban economy must satisfy the economic, environmental and social aspects of community life. Effective implementation of local structural economic policy is possible only if: first, increasing the role of cities in their socio-economic development for effective structural change (local authorities should be the main strategists in choosing local structural policy, they should have a decisive say in choosing specific economic development programs), and secondly - compliance with the principle of coherence and synchronization of all levels of government (ie building state development priorities, preparation of regional development strategies taking into account state priorities, development of community development strategies that take into account both national priorities and strategic directions of regions/cities).

scholarly journals Dismantling the Master’s House: Toward a Justice-Based Theory of Community Economic Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Etienne Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Community Economic Development ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
Impact Investing ◽  
The Impact

Since the end of the American Civil War, scholars have debated the efficacy of various models of community economic development, or CED. Historically, this debate has tracked one of two approaches: place-based models of CED, seeking to stimulate community development through market-driven economic growth programs, and people-based models of CED, focused on the removal of structural barriers to social and economic mobility that prevent human flourishing. More recently, scholars and policymakers have turned to a third model from the impact investing community—the social impact bond, or SIB. The SIB model of CED ostensibly finds a middle ground by leveraging funding from private impact investors to finance social welfare programs within marginalized communities. SIBs seemingly answer the call of local government law scholars of the New Regionalists movement who advocate for governmental mechanisms that facilitate regional cooperation, address equity concerns, and respect local government autonomy. However, this Article argues that the SIB model of impact investing will struggle to advance metropolitan equity due to its grounding in the politics of neoliberalism. After highlighting limitations of the SIB, this Article links contemporary debates about CED theory to historical contestations within the black community about economically-oriented racial uplift strategies. Placing historical figures, such as W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington, in conversation with more contemporary theorists of political philosophy, this Article offers an alternative conceptual framework of CED. Termed justice-based CED, this framing distinguishes a typology of social change that places democracy at the epicenter of the development debate and points toward the political principles of the solidarity economy as guideposts for law reform. The justice-based approach rests upon three core values: social solidarity, economic democracy, and solidarity economy. Taken together, this perspective reflects a vision of political morality that embodies one of America’s most foundational democratic values—human moral dignity.

Local economies of Brexit

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter North
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Diverse Economies ◽  
Asset Based Community Development ◽  
The City

Liverpool is a city which has, in many ways, undoubtedly and observably benefited from Objective One EU funding to the extent that there is pretty much universal agreement that this has underpinned the city’s recent renaissance. That said, outside the city centre persistent long-term economic problems endure. This paper reviews the mixed experiences of Merseyside’s Objective One ‘Pathways to Inclusion’ programme as an attempt to solve problems of concentrated deprivation, arguing that the success of conventional approaches has been mixed. Brexit provides an opportunity for a rupture with forms of local economic development that have been progressively neoliberalised through time. It argues for a focus on opportunities, not deficits and absences, using asset-based community development, diverse economies, and solidarity economy approaches.

scholarly journals The importance of a company’s capital structure in financial relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-430
Author(s):  
Dean Učkar ◽  
Manuel Benazić ◽  
Daniel Tomić
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Domestic Companies

Purpose: The main objective of this research was to determine the impact of capital structure on the profitability of Croatian companies. The second objective was to analyze the consistency of the way in which capital structure is managed with respect to the existing theories of capital structure. Methodology: A survey was conducted on the sample of Croatian companies for the period from 2009 to 2019 using panel model GMM estimation. In order to be included in the sample, all shares listed on the Zagreb Stock Exchange were considered which meet the liquidity criterion and are part of the non-financial sector. Accordingly, the sample consists of 30 shares. Results: The research established a significant relationship between capital structure and profitability, with a negative sign. With these results, Croatian companies are placed alongside other companies from countries that belong to the group of developing countries, and diametrically opposed to the results obtained for the markets of developed countries. Indirectly, the validity of theories of capital structure formation on the Croatian market was tested, and it was proved that the behavior of Croatian companies can best be described by settings of the trade-off theory of capital structure. Conclusion: For Croatian companies, this means that any further use of debt will lead to a decline in profitability. Consequently, this means that domestic companies cannot make significant use of the current situation of low interest rates on loans, and therefore they lag behind in terms of the level of investments made.

Hunt for yield will boost global farmland demand

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
Asset Class

Subject Farmland as an investment asset class. Significance Low interest rates and increased political instability are driving investors to seek yield and diversification. In past decades, farmland has provided high returns, while reducing portfolio volatility. However, farmland investments are exposed to high political risks in both advanced and developing countries. Impacts Demand from large capital pools may result in formation of farmland investment vehicles, including listed companies. Scarcity and high prices in advanced economies will lead investors to seek opportunities in EMs, where 'land nationalism' will emerge. Conflicts among corporate landholders, farmers and indigenous groups will sharpen, prompting further government intervention and regulation.

scholarly journals Corruption and Economic Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Dr.Sc. Skender Ahmeti ◽  
BSc. Feste Gjonbalaj ◽  
BSc. Ejona Blyta ◽  
BSc. Laura Lumezi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
Countries In Transition ◽  
High Level

There is no sustainable economic development without a functioning rule of law. Besides sustainable economic policies like low interest rates, low inflation, low budget deficit, reasonable taxes and economic freedom for business development, the necessary ones for country’s economic growth are functioning of state institutions, support and development of reforms as well as successful fight against corruption.Corruption is a phenomena often encountered and spread in countries that have problems with rule of law as well as with judiciary system. Corruption manifestation is inevitable in circumstances when state institutions are weak. The phenomena is especially problematic in countries that go through transition periods since these countries are often characterized as nonefficient in fighting this phenomena1 . Countries in transition continue to have the image of countries with high level of corruption, which causes serious crisis from local opinion and continuous demand from international community due to the unsuccessful fight against this malevolence.World Bank considers corruption as the biggest obstacle in the fight for poverty eradication, since it undermines the rule of law, weakens state institutions and most of all it affects the poor. Politically, it undermines democracy and good governance, economic equal growth and development, as well as people’s trust in state institutions.Lately, several anti-corruption laws have been adopted in Kosovo, but they have not been implemented in practice and were not sufficient in fight against corruption. Kosovo’s long lasting dream of integrating in European Union, necessarily demands to built and functionalize anti-corruptive measures with priority, as a fundamental precondition for EU pre-accession process 

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