scholarly journals Dismantling the Master’s House: Toward a Justice-Based Theory of Community Economic Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Etienne Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Community Economic Development ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
Impact Investing ◽  
The Impact

Since the end of the American Civil War, scholars have debated the efficacy of various models of community economic development, or CED. Historically, this debate has tracked one of two approaches: place-based models of CED, seeking to stimulate community development through market-driven economic growth programs, and people-based models of CED, focused on the removal of structural barriers to social and economic mobility that prevent human flourishing. More recently, scholars and policymakers have turned to a third model from the impact investing community—the social impact bond, or SIB. The SIB model of CED ostensibly finds a middle ground by leveraging funding from private impact investors to finance social welfare programs within marginalized communities. SIBs seemingly answer the call of local government law scholars of the New Regionalists movement who advocate for governmental mechanisms that facilitate regional cooperation, address equity concerns, and respect local government autonomy. However, this Article argues that the SIB model of impact investing will struggle to advance metropolitan equity due to its grounding in the politics of neoliberalism. After highlighting limitations of the SIB, this Article links contemporary debates about CED theory to historical contestations within the black community about economically-oriented racial uplift strategies. Placing historical figures, such as W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington, in conversation with more contemporary theorists of political philosophy, this Article offers an alternative conceptual framework of CED. Termed justice-based CED, this framing distinguishes a typology of social change that places democracy at the epicenter of the development debate and points toward the political principles of the solidarity economy as guideposts for law reform. The justice-based approach rests upon three core values: social solidarity, economic democracy, and solidarity economy. Taken together, this perspective reflects a vision of political morality that embodies one of America’s most foundational democratic values—human moral dignity.

scholarly journals Social Relational Capital as a Community Economic Development Factor

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 108-119
Author(s):  
Mujib Ur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Faizan Malik ◽  
Wisal Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Community Economic Development ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Development Factor ◽  
High Investment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The paper examined the impact of relational capitals on community economic development. For this purpose, the handloom business community was taken as a case study from Peshawar Valley. Data was collected through purposive sampling from169 handlooms firms. The results concluded that the impact of relational capital is significant, and the relationship is positive. This study hereby suggests that government and policymakers should invest in making ties and a strong network of firms within and outside of the community; hence with high investment in making strong social-relational capital can develop the entire entrepreneurial communities.

scholarly journals The social impact of the ‘Social solidarity income’ in Greece: A qualitative interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Theodoros Sakellaropoulos ◽  
Varvara Lalioti ◽  
Nikos Kourachanis
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The present article sheds light on the implementation of the ‘Social Solidarity Income’ (SSI) in Greece, an example of a guaranteed minimum income (GMI). Drawing on the findings of 40 semi-structured interviews carried out in five selected municipalities, the article focuses on the ‘social impact’ of the SSI. More specifically, it investigates two inter-related themes: a) the social situation of beneficiaries and the survival strategies they used before and after receiving the SSI; and b) aspects of the SSI that should be improved at the implementation stage. It is argued that, despite certain positive elements of the SSI, such as the monetary allowance, which is a key component of the SSI and assists beneficiaries in covering their basic needs, the impact of the SSI on the lives of individuals is relatively small and a large proportion of the beneficiaries continue to rely on the survival strategies they used before implementation of the SSI

scholarly journals Small and Medium Scale Enterprises’ Activities and Eonomic Developmemnt in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Ukamaka P. Chidume ◽  
Simeon G. Nenbee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
The Impact

This paper assesses the impact of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) activities on economic development in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. To achieve this theme, an instrument Called Small and Medium Scale Enterprises Survey Questionnaire (SMEQ) was developed which focused more on employment generation and poverty reduction. The population of the study was chosen based on the two thousand six hundred and thirty-four (2634) registered SMEs with the Rivers State Ministry of Commerce and Industry in 2019. Based on simple random sampling technique, a total of three hundred and thirty-eight (338) respondents were sampled. Relying on descriptive statistics and logistic regression estimation techniques, the data were analyzed. Analyses of the respondents’ opinion suggest that the major businesses engaged in the study area were restaurant, tailoring and beauty/hair dressing. Again, majority of the respondents were of the opinion that SMEs operators do not have increased access to basic social-economic amenities. The output of the logistic regression result has it that an increase in firm size can improve the chances of SMEs fostering economic development in Obio-Akpor while increase in the salary of employees could also enhance the chances of SMEs to redress the rising poverty level too. The paper thus recommends that employment tax incentives should be granted to proprietors of SMEs and taming of the rising insecurity cases across the country.   Received: 11 September 2021 / Accepted: 25 November 2021 / Published: 5 January 2022

Impact investing in South Africa: managing tensions between financial returns and social impact

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunivicia Matlhogonolo Mogapi ◽  
Margaret Mary Sutherland ◽  
Anthony Wilson-Prangley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Financial Returns ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Impact Investing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Impact investment is an emergent field worldwide and it can play an especially important role in Africa. The aim of this study was to examine how impact investors in South Africa manage the tensions between financial returns and social impact. Design/methodology/approach The research was based on 15 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in the impact investment community in South Africa to understand the related challenges, trade-offs and tensions. Findings There are two opposing views expressed as to whether the tensions between financial return and social impact result in trade-offs. It is proposed that impact investors embrace this duality and seek to approach it through a contingency and a paradox view. The tensions can be approached by focussing on values alignment, contracting processes, engaged leadership and sector identification. The authors integrate the findings into a proposed framework for effective tension management in an impact investment portfolio. Research limitations/implications This study was limited to selected South African interviewees. It would be valuable to extend the study to other African countries. Practical implications The issue of values alignment between investors, fund managers and investee firms is an important finding for practice. As is the four-part iterative framework for sensing the operating environment, defining impact, organising internally and defining the investment approach. Originality/value This study contributes empirical evidence to scholarship around organisational tensions, especially work in hybrid organisations. It affirms the value of a nuanced application of paradox theory. It examines these tensions through the lived experience of impact investing professionals in an emerging market context.

scholarly journals Difference Study on Relationship Paths of Festival Marketing Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Shwu-Ing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Marketing Activity ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
Value Perception ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
The Impact

Different places around the world attract the tourists by festivals and industrial, cultural and spatial characteristics. By festival marketing, they approach the tourists and can influence or change tourists’ impression and travel in the destinations. Hence, festival marketing activity becomes the important strategy to trigger regional economic development. However, can festival marketing activities held in the areas comply with the surrounding factors and integrate the factors to become characteristics and attract the tourists? It is the topic of this study which mainly explores the impact of festival marketing, landscape construction and regional characteristics on tourists’ value perception and revisit commitment. According to the findings, effect relationship path and relationship intensity of different types of festival marketing activities are different. It means that different areas should hold the unique and appropriate festival marketing activities in order to increase tourists’ value perception. It can significantly and positively influence tourists’ commitment. In addition, when planning festival marketing, local government and related industries should make sure that the content of festival marketing activities can make tourists happy and to reinforce their revisit commitment.

How to reduce local government decision-making competition in China’s new urbanization process

Kybernetes ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Hengzhou Xu ◽  
Xiaoyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Decision ◽  
Future Economic Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Urbanization

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of local government decision-making competition new urbanization, further to seek measures to weaken the negative effect of local government decision-making competition. Design/methodology/approach – This paper first puts forward the three paths which make local government decision-making competition: construction of new-style urbanization, economic development and construction of people’s livelihood and take China’s new-style urbanization as an example, the authors analyzed the internal mechanism of decision making of local government competition which caused by above three paths. Second, using the prospect theory, risk aversion theory and Cournot duopoly model, the authors analyzed how to avoid the local government decision-making competition and how to reduce the harm caused by local government decision-making competition. Findings – The central government can curb the appearance of local government competition strategy through regulating and controlling the effectiveness of local government protective-investment policy, improving the degree of market competition and punishment coefficient of government decision-making failure and further, the authors can reduce the detriment of decision-making competition between local governments through adjusting the revenue function of local government in the process of new-style urbanization. Originality/value – New-style urbanization is the main driving force of China’s future economic development, however, in the process of new-style urbanization, because of the “principle-agent” relationship between central government and local government, officials achievements appraisal mechanism and promotion game, they all cause competition between local government decision making, and this will weaken the positive effect of urbanization. Although, there are many researches on horizontal and intergovernmental competition, most researches devoted to how to avoid it from the angle of institutional economics, and the suggestions put forward by these researches are hardly applied. Anyone interested in how to avoid local government decision-making competition and reduce the negative influences of it from the angle of unitary government state’s reality will find this paper valuable.

scholarly journals The Impact of Informatization on the Relationship between the Tourism Industry and Regional Economic Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9399
Author(s):  
Xianghong Zhou ◽  
Weiwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Regional Economic Development ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Regional Tourism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Degree Of Coupling

Modern tourism plays an increasingly important economic role in regional development. However, in the practice of regional economic development, there is often a lag in economic development where the tourism industry is prosperous. We explored the potential impact of the development level of informatization on the coupling and coordination relationship between the tourism industry and regional economic development. Using provincial panel data from 2008 to 2017, we constructed a spatial Dubin model for empirical research. We established an evaluation model for the coupling and coordination relationship between tourism and regional economic development based on the establishment of evaluation models and indicator systems for informatization, tourism, and regional economic development. The results show that improvements to informatization generally promoted the coupling and coordination of tourism and regional economic development. Informatization not only improved the coupling and coordination of tourism and economic development in the region but also had significant spatial spillover effects. In addition to the influencing factors at the information level, the advantages of tourism resources and the level of economic development on the whole also helped to improve the degree of coupling and coordination, while the widening of the income gap between urban and rural areas hindered coordinated development. Further discussion shows that informatization will affect the degree of coupling and coordination between the tourism industry and regional economic development by influencing the level of institutional environment. The findings highlight the need to focus on diversified development of the regional tourism industry and economy while improving the level of informatization and strengthening cross-regional cooperation during informatization. The conclusions contribute to improving the coordinated development of regional tourism and regional economy and provide a scientific basis for the development of informatization and the formulation of tourism and economic policies.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Closure of Primary Schools on the Economic Development of Rural Areas in Małopolska Voivodeship

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Semczuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
School Network ◽  
The Impact

In the last two decades, the map of the primary school network in Poland has undergone a significant transformation, especially in rural areas that are suffering depopulation. These changes generally involve the closing of small rural schools and this leads to numerous conflicts between residents and local government. However, it is rarely pointed out that closing a school can be a fatal blow to the local community, not only due to the reduction in the social activity of residents but also the loss of jobs which contributes to the economic decline of a village. However, few studies can confirm this thesis. Therefore, this article aims to present the spatial diversity of the reorganisation process of the primary school network in rural areas of Małopolska Voivodeship and attempts to determine the impact of school closures on the economic development of those villages. To achieve this, the author compared the average value of the entrepreneurship indicator for 2018 with changes in the number of businesses for 2009–2018 for individual villages. The calculated values were compiled for those communities where the primary school was closed and for those villages in which the residents decided to take over a school from the local government with their own organisation or association. For comparison of selected indicators, differences in the average values for the two types of localities were presented using a one-way ANOVA variance analysis. The research showed much higher economic activity in places where the school was taken over compared to where the school was closed. In addition, the places where the school was taken over showed a stronger rate of growth for the number of businesses registered in the REGON system.

Institutionalizing social impact investing: implications for Islamic finance

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Kappen ◽  
Matthew Mitchell ◽  
Kavilash Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Impact Investing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Finance Industry ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the institutionalization of screening and metrics in conventional finance and reflect upon the implications for Islamic finance.Design/methodology/approachThe study involves the analysis of archival data, interviews and fieldwork with current impact investors in North America and the European Union to trace the historical development of impact investing screening and metrics.FindingsFirst, the paper explores how conventional investors have applied positive and negative screens in the creation of their values/mission-based investment strategies. This is followed by a historical analysis of the development and implementation of impact metrics and regulatory frameworks that influenced the growth of conventional impact investing. The possible benefits of learning from these experiences for the Islamic finance industry are then considered. The paper concludes with an analysis of the potential value of mission/values-based investing for the economic development of the Middle East and North Africa region.Research limitations/implicationsThough not a comprehensive study of institutionalization, this study supports recent calls for more intentional use of capital for blended returns within Islamic markets. To support these initiatives, it provides scholars and practitioners with multiple recommended points of entry into this growing market.Originality/valueThere has been scant organizational research examining the development of best practices within the impact investment community and how these might be applied to other contexts such as Islamic finance.

The Evolution of Community Development Banks Influenced by E-Payment and Its Social Impact on Brazil

2022 ◽  
pp. 229-249
Author(s):  
Otávio L. C. Romano Jr. ◽  
Bruno R. D. Lucena ◽  
Armando Lirio de Souza ◽  
Thiago Poleto
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
Disadvantaged Populations ◽  
Low Interest Rates

Microcredit involves offering credit in small amounts and at low interest rates to economically disadvantaged populations and those who cannot offer guarantees. The offer of microcredit for solidarity purposes is not aimed at increasing an organization's profits but rather toward local economic development and as an initiative to eradicate poverty. The first community development bank was founded in Brazil in 1998. Such banks offer financial, solidary-based, networked services of an associative nature and are aimed at reorganizing local economies through job and income generation and establishment of a solidarity economy. This chapter presents the following problem question: How has the mobile payment or electronic payment technology impacted the performance of Brazilian solidary digital banks? It also presents guidelines for replicating this model in developing countries.

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