Optimizing Procurement Decisions in Networked Virtual Enterprises

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-67
Author(s):  
Amihai Motro ◽  
Alexander Brodsky ◽  
Nathan Egge ◽  
Alessandro D’Atri
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Virtual Enterprise ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
Business Objectives ◽  
Transaction Model ◽  
Formal Concepts ◽  
Business Entities

A virtual enterprise is an ad hoc coalition of independent business entities who collaborate on the manufacturing of complex products in a networked environment. This collaboration is enabled by the concept of a transaction, a mechanism with which members acquire necessary components from other members. An external procurement request submitted to the enterprise launches a tree-structured series of transactions among its members (similar to supply chains). Each such transaction is associated with a purchase price, but also with a risk of failure. That members have the option to procure components from different co-members, each charging its individual price and posing its specific risk, raises challenging optimization problems related to the fulfillment of business objectives. This paper defines a transaction model for virtual enterprises, with formal concepts such as price, risk, and business objectives. The Decision Guidance Query Language (DGQL) is presented, a language for modeling and solving optimization problems in a database setting, and shows how DGQL can provide intuitive and efficient solutions to the optimization problems raised in the model. The model, the optimization programs, and the experimentation promote strong collaboration and common objectives among its members, and one in which collaboration is limited, with members retaining much of their autonomy and individual objectives.

scholarly journals A Coordination of Risk Management for Supply Chains Organized as Virtual Enterprises

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Huang ◽  
Xingwei Wang ◽  
Fu-Qiang Lu ◽  
Hua-Ling Bi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Virtual Enterprise ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Incentive Scheme ◽  
Relationship Performance

As a new management mode, great attention has been paid to virtual enterprise (VE). While there is much research material on risk management of VE, a relationship perspective on owner and partner performance assessment and management can bring an added dimension. The coordination of risk management in fashion and textiles (FTs) supply chain organized as a VE is studied in this paper. The aim of this study is to find proper decision mechanisms that can improve the overall performance of risk management for the whole VE as well as each member. For the risk management problem in VE, a centralized mechanism is given as the base case, and then a distributed decision-making (DDM) mechanism with incentive scheme is introduced to establish a practicable strategic partnership. Under the DDM mechanism, a relationship performance definition that incorporates the financial dimension is investigated. For the two resulting optimization problems, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is designed. In the numerical examples, the study shows that the DDM mechanism with incentive scheme can improve the overall benefit of risk management beyond the centralized one. Additionally, sensitivity analysis is conducted with respect to the bonus parameter, and suggestions are made for further research.

scholarly journals Array databases: concepts, standards, implementations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Baumann ◽  
Dimitar Misev ◽  
Vlad Merticariu ◽  
Bang Pham Huu
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Distributed Processing ◽  
Database Systems ◽  
Database Technology ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Array Databases

AbstractMulti-dimensional arrays (also known as raster data or gridded data) play a key role in many, if not all science and engineering domains where they typically represent spatio-temporal sensor, image, simulation output, or statistics “datacubes”. As classic database technology does not support arrays adequately, such data today are maintained mostly in silo solutions, with architectures that tend to erode and not keep up with the increasing requirements on performance and service quality. Array Database systems attempt to close this gap by providing declarative query support for flexible ad-hoc analytics on large n-D arrays, similar to what SQL offers on set-oriented data, XQuery on hierarchical data, and SPARQL and CIPHER on graph data. Today, Petascale Array Database installations exist, employing massive parallelism and distributed processing. Hence, questions arise about technology and standards available, usability, and overall maturity. Several papers have compared models and formalisms, and benchmarks have been undertaken as well, typically comparing two systems against each other. While each of these represent valuable research to the best of our knowledge there is no comprehensive survey combining model, query language, architecture, and practical usability, and performance aspects. The size of this comparison differentiates our study as well with 19 systems compared, four benchmarked to an extent and depth clearly exceeding previous papers in the field; for example, subsetting tests were designed in a way that systems cannot be tuned to specifically these queries. It is hoped that this gives a representative overview to all who want to immerse into the field as well as a clear guidance to those who need to choose the best suited datacube tool for their application. This article presents results of the Research Data Alliance (RDA) Array Database Assessment Working Group (ADA:WG), a subgroup of the Big Data Interest Group. It has elicited the state of the art in Array Databases, technically supported by IEEE GRSS and CODATA Germany, to answer the question: how can data scientists and engineers benefit from Array Database technology? As it turns out, Array Databases can offer significant advantages in terms of flexibility, functionality, extensibility, as well as performance and scalability—in total, the database approach of offering “datacubes” analysis-ready heralds a new level of service quality. Investigation shows that there is a lively ecosystem of technology with increasing uptake, and proven array analytics standards are in place. Consequently, such approaches have to be considered a serious option for datacube services in science, engineering and beyond. Tools, though, vary greatly in functionality and performance as it turns out.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF PIEZOELECTRIC ELASTICITY WITH SINGULAR INPLANE ELECTROELASTIC FIELDS

2006 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 115-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
MENG-CHENG CHEN ◽  
JIAN-JUN ZHU ◽  
K. Y. SZE
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Wedge Angle ◽  
Electric Displacement ◽  
Weak Form ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Element Formulation ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Electroelastic Fields

An ad hoc one-dimensional finite element formulation is developed for the eigenanalysis of inplane singular electroelastic fields at material and geometric discontinuities in piezoelectric elastic materials by using the eigenfunction expansion procedure and the weak form of the governing equations for prismatic sectorial domains composed of piezoelectrics, composites or air. The order of the electroelastic singularities and the angular variation of the stress and electric displacement fields are obtained with the formulation. The influence of wedge angle, polarization orientation, material types, and boundary and interface conditions on the singular electroelastic fields and the order of their singularity are also examined. The simplicity and accuracy of the formulation are demonstrated by comparison to several analytical solutions for piezoelectric and composite multi-material wedges. The nature and speed of convergence suggests that the present eigensolution could be used in developing hybrid elements for use along with standard elements to yield accurate and computationally efficient solutions to problems having complex global geometries leading to singular electroelastic states.

scholarly journals A Query Language for Workflow Logs

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Yan Tang ◽  
Weilong Cui ◽  
Jianwen Su
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Control Flow ◽  
Query Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Algorithm ◽  
Laws And Policies

A business process (workflow) is an assembly of tasks to accomplish a business goal. Real-world workflow models often demanded to change due to new laws and policies, changes in the environment, and so on. To understand the inner workings of a business process to facilitate changes, workflow logs have the potential to enable inspecting, monitoring, diagnosing, analyzing, and improving the design of a complex workflow. Querying workflow logs, however, is still mostly an ad hoc practice by workflow managers. In this article, we focus on the problem of querying workflow log concerning both control flow and dataflow properties. We develop a query language based on “incident patterns” to allow the user to directly query workflow logs instead of having to transform such queries into database operations. We provide the formal semantics and a query evaluation algorithm of our language. By deriving an accurate cost model, we develop an optimization mechanism to accelerate query evaluation. Our experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimization and achieves up to 50× speedup over an adaption of existing evaluation method.

scholarly journals NORMALIZATION IN DATABASE DESIGN

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Zainul Efendy
Keyword(s):  
Data Structures ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Database Design ◽  
Simple Solution ◽  
Transaction Model ◽  
Model Form

This research is done to find a simple solution how to find a normalization techniques are appropriate in database design, normalization techniques has several steps of which are forms of abnormal, normalization first, normalization 2st and normalization 3st, only 3 stages rare to be discussed in this study, as in lectures often find their students do not understand to implement this normalization techniques. The results of this study include determining the database data structures, forming sql (structural query language) by using MySQL DBMS and prototype transaction model form.

scholarly journals Unleashing The Power of Your Master Linkage Map – Is There A Role For Business Intelligence Tools In Supporting Data Linkage?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Cohort Size ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Software Applications

Background with rationaleBusiness Intelligence (BI) software applications collect and process large amounts of data from one or more sources, and for a variety of purposes. These can include generating operational or sales reports, developing dashboards and data visualisations, and for ad-hoc analysis and querying of enterprise databases. Main AimBusiness Intelligence (BI) software applications collect and process large amounts of data from one or more sources, and for a variety of purposes. These can include generating operational or sales reports, developing dashboards and data visualisations, and for ad-hoc analysis and querying of enterprise databases. Methods/ApproachIn deciding to develop a series of dashboards to visually represent data stored in its MLM, the TDLU identified routine requests for these data and critically examined existing techniques for extracting data from its MLM. Traditionally Structured Query Language (SQL) queries were developed and used for a single purpose. By critically analysing limitations with this approach, the TDLU identified the power of BI tools and ease of use for both technical and non-technical staff. ResultsImplementing a BI tool is enabling quick and accurate production of a comprehensive array of information. Such information assists with cohort size estimation, producing data for routine and ad-hoc reporting, identifying data quality issues, and to answer questions from prospective users of linked data services including instantly producing estimates of links stored across disparate datasets. Conclusion BI tools are not traditionally considered integral to the operations of data linkage units. However, the TDLU has successfully applied the use of a BI tool to enable a rich set of data locked in its MLM to be quickly made available in multiple, easy to use formats and by technical and non-technical staff.

B2B, B2C and Virtual Enterprise Management Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Yong Geng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Enterprise ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Business To Consumer ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Business To Business

This research paper provides a detailed evaluation of the business concepts in Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce). The concept of E-Commerce defines the exchange of goods and services with monetary value between consumers and companies. E-Commerce is a web-based catalogue whereby buyers can possibly place order and sellers possibly accept payments. E-Commerce incorporates two forms of business: Business-to-Business (B2B) and Business-to-Consumer (B2C), which provides a definition of the commerce transactions between enterprises, such as between the wholesalers and the manufacturers or the retailers. B2C E-Commerce provides enterprises with the model which allows businesses to deliver purchasers to the relevant merchants and achieve from the commission rewards given by the merchants. This paper evaluates two forms of business with relation to management of Virtual Enterprises (VE) in the field of E-Commerce. The paper will end with an analysis of VE before projecting future directions for health of B2B and B2C in business.

Enabling the Shipbuilding Virtual Enterprise

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bolton ◽  
Paul Horstmann ◽  
Darcy Peruzzotti ◽  
Tom Rando
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Virtual Enterprise ◽  
The United States ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
The Us

Shipbuilding in the United States is characterized by large teams of suppliers and subcontractors who collaborate and support shipbuilders. It is important that these shipbuilding teams function as a single integrated organization: A Virtual Enterprise. The inefficiencies and impediments caused by each team member using their own choice of information technologies, software, data management and processes must be addressed to increase overall US shipbuilding efficiency and cost effectiveness. The NIIIP SPARS project is developing the information infrastructure and protocols to enable shipbuilding Virtual Enterprises that will improve collaboration and information exchange within the US shipbuilding community.

Graph analytics and visualization for cyber situational understanding

2021 ◽  
pp. 154851292110513
Author(s):  
Steven Noel ◽  
Stephen Purdy ◽  
Annie O’Rourke ◽  
Edward Overly ◽  
Brianna Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Software Components ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Graph Analytics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Interactive Visualizations ◽  
Graph Queries

This paper describes the Cyber Situational Understanding (Cyber SU) Proof of Concept (CySUP) software system for exploring advanced Cyber SU capabilities. CySUP distills complex interrelationships among cyberspace entities to provide the “so what” of cyber events for tactical operations. It combines a variety of software components to build an end-to-end pipeline for live data ingest that populates a graph knowledge base, with query-driven exploratory analysis and interactive visualizations. CySUP integrates with the core infrastructure environment supporting command posts to provide a cyber overlay onto a common operating picture oriented to tactical commanders. It also supports detailed analysis of cyberspace entities and relationships driven by ad hoc graph queries, including the conversion of natural language inquiries to formal query language. To help assess its Cyber SU capabilities, CySUP leverages automated cyber adversary emulation to carry out controlled cyberattack campaigns that impact elements of tactical missions.

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