scholarly journals Semivariogram models for rice stem bug population densities estimated by ordinary kriging

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e48310
Author(s):  
Mauricio Paulo Batistella Pasini ◽  
Eduardo Engel ◽  
Alessandro Dal'Col Lúcio ◽  
Rafael Pivotto Bortolotto
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Semivariogram Model ◽  
Best Fit

Tibraca limbativentris is considered one of the main species of insect pests in irrigated rice. This species can be found in plants in the vegetative and reproductive stages. This study aimed to select semivariogram models to estimate rice stem bug population densities by ordinary kriging. Two fields were used to survey the T. limbativentris population in Oryza sativa. A grid of 30 x 30 m was drawn, which generated 143 and 385 sample units for the first and second fields, respectively. Seven evaluations of two hundred plants per sampling unit were performed during cultivation. From the insect counts, the results were input into circular, spherical, pentaspherical, exponential, Gaussian, rational quadratic, cardinal sine, K-Bessel, J-Bessel, and stable semivariogram models via ordinary kriging interpolation and the best model was selected via cross-validation. Each assessment had a particular spatial structure and semivariogram model that best fit the experimental data.

scholarly journals Semivariogram models for estimating fig fly population density throughout the year

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 493-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Paulo Batistella Pasini ◽  
Alessandro Dal'Col Lúcio ◽  
Alberto Filho Cargnelutti
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Dependence Structure ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Semivariogram Model ◽  
Spatial Dependence Structure ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Hole Effect

The objective of this work was to select semivariogram models to estimate the population density of fig fly (Zaprionus indianus; Diptera: Drosophilidae) throughout the year, using ordinary kriging. Nineteen monitoring sites were demarcated in an area of 8,200 m2, cropped with six fruit tree species: persimmon, citrus, fig, guava, apple, and peach. During a 24 month period, 106 weekly evaluations were done in these sites. The average number of adult fig flies captured weekly per trap, during each month, was subjected to the circular, spherical, pentaspherical, exponential, Gaussian, rational quadratic, hole effect, K-Bessel, J-Bessel, and stable semivariogram models, using ordinary kriging interpolation. The models with the best fit were selected by cross-validation. Each data set (months) has a particular spatial dependence structure, which makes it necessary to define specific models of semivariograms in order to enhance the adjustment to the experimental semivariogram. Therefore, it was not possible to determine a standard semivariogram model; instead, six theoretical models were selected: circular, Gaussian, hole effect, K-Bessel, J-Bessel, and stable.

scholarly journals Application of Weighted Semivariogram Model (WSVM) based on fitness to experimental semivariogram on estimation of rainfall amount

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4229-4259 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-J. Wu ◽  
P.-H. Chen ◽  
J.-C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Objective Function Value ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Rainfall Amount ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Semivariogram Model ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. This study presents a weighted semivariogram model (WSVM) which is intended to reduce the uncertainties in the selection of the best-fit semivariogram model and associated parameters. The proposed WSVM is based on the combined forecast method, providing the weighted average semivariogram by summing up the product of estimated semivariograms and weighted factors, which are related with the inverse of the objective function value associated with the optimal parameters of theoretical semivariogram models (TSVMs). A WSVM can save computation time in the estimation of rainfall amount without the identification of the best-fit TSVM commonly carried out by the cross-validation. Ten rainstorm events recorded at fourteen rain-gauges in North Taiwan's Shinmen reservoir catchment are used to develop and validate this model by comparing the estimated rainfall amount by the Kriging method with the WSVM and TSVM, respectively. The results of the model validation indicate that the proposed WSVM not only reduces the uncertainty of failing to select the best-fit TSVM, but also effectively provides more the accurate and reliable estimated rainfall amount than TSVM.

scholarly journals Geostatistical mapping of land prices in Taiwan Case: an empirical comparison of ordinary kriging

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Cheng-Ya Chang
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Mean Absolute Percentage Error ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kriging Method ◽  
Land Price ◽  
Semivariogram Model ◽  
Absolute Percentage Error

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This study discusses the use of land price data to estimate the land price using the ordinary kriging method (OK). Moreover, compares the Gaussian and exponential semivariogram model by cross-validation and which one is more suitable for the ordinary kriging model also has a good Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The study area is in Tainan City, Taiwan. The data sample is a land transaction case from 2012 to 2018. The study adopts the inherent hypothesis that the difference between the random variables in different spatial locations is a random variable, and the expected value and the variance are only related to the distance between the random variables and the spatial position. The ordinary kriging method was used as a tool in the study. First, the data were randomly divided into experimental group (90%) and control group (10%) by spatial random sampling. A total of 10 pairs were combined to ensure the stability of the verification. The space autocorrelation distance (Moran's I) is taken as the influence range, and the semivariogram are verified by cross-validation method, and then verified by mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The study found that under the same data sample, after cross-validation, the exponential semivariogram model has a better land price prediction effect, whether it is the verification result or the mean absolute percentage error.</p>

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

scholarly journals Smart Design Nano-Hybrid Formulations by Machine Learning

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Raquel de Melo Barbosa ◽  
Fabio Fonseca de Oliveira ◽  
Gabriel Bezerra Motta Câmara ◽  
Tulio Flavio Accioly de Lima e Moura ◽  
Fernanda Nervo Raffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Drug Solubility ◽  
Physical Behavior ◽  
Best Fit

Nano-hybrid formulations combine organic and inorganic materials in self-assembled platforms for drug delivery. Laponite is a synthetic clay, biocompatible, and a guest of compounds. Poloxamines are amphiphilic four-armed compounds and have pH-sensitive and thermosensitive properties. The association of Laponite and Poloxamine can be used to improve attachment to drugs and to increase the solubility of β-Lapachone (β-Lap). β-Lap has antiviral, antiparasitic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the low water solubility of β-Lap limits its clinical and medical applications. All samples were prepared by mixing Tetronic 1304 and LAP in a range of 1–20% (w/w) and 0–3% (w/w), respectively. The β-Lap solubility was analyzed by UV-vis spectrophotometry, and physical behavior was evaluated across a range of temperatures. The analysis of data consisted of response surface methodology (RMS), and two kinds of machine learning (ML): multilayer perceptron (MLP) and support vector machine (SVM). The ML techniques, generated from a training process based on experimental data, obtained the best correlation coefficient adjustment for drug solubility and adequate physical classifications of the systems. The SVM method presented the best fit results of β-Lap solubilization. In silico tools promoted fine-tuning, and near-experimental data show β-Lap solubility and classification of physical behavior to be an excellent strategy for use in developing new nano-hybrid platforms.

scholarly journals Unbinding of Hyaluronan Accelerates the Enzymatic Activity of Bee Hyaluronidase

2011 ◽  
Vol 286 (41) ◽  
pp. 35699-35707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Iliás ◽  
Károly Liliom ◽  
Brigitte Greiderer-Kleinlercher ◽  
Stephan Reitinger ◽  
Günter Lepperdinger
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
Surface Loop ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Site Model ◽  
Substrate Interaction ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Binding Groove ◽  
The One ◽  
Best Fit

Hyaluronan (HA), a polymeric glycosaminoglycan ubiquitously present in higher animals, is hydrolyzed by hyaluronidases (HAases). Here, we used bee HAase as a model enzyme to study the HA-HAase interaction. Located in close proximity to the active center, a bulky surface loop, which appears to obstruct one end of the substrate binding groove, was found to be functionally involved in HA turnover. To better understand kinetic changes in substrate interaction, binding of high molecular weight HA to catalytically inactive HAase was monitored by means of quartz crystal microbalance technology. Replacement of the delimiting loop by a tetrapeptide interconnection increased the affinity for HA up to 100-fold, with a KD below 1 nm being the highest affinity among HA-binding proteins surveyed so far. The experimental data of HA-HAase interaction were further validated showing best fit to the theoretically proposed sequential two-site model. Besides the one, which had been shown previously in course of x-ray structure determination, a previously unrecognized binding site works in conjunction with an unbinding loop that facilitates liberation of hydrolyzed HA.

Comparative study of isotherm parameters of lead biosorption by two wastes of olive-oil production

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Blázquez ◽  
A. Ronda ◽  
M. A. Martín-Lara ◽  
A. Pérez ◽  
M. Calero
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Langmuir Equation ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherm ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Loss Of Mass ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Effectiveness Coefficient

Batch isotherm studies were carried out on a laboratory scale: (i) to investigate the effectiveness to remove lead of two wastes (olive stone (OS) and olive tree pruning (OTP)), untreated and chemically treated; and (ii) to examine the applicability of various adsorption isotherms to fit the experimental data. Results from tests were analyzed using seven equilibrium isotherm correlations (Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, Temkin, Redlich–Peterson, Sips, and Toth equations). The sum of the squares of the errors was determined for each isotherm and the Langmuir equation provided the best fit. Chemical treatments increased the biosorption properties of these materials. The maximum biosorption capacities were: 6.33, 49.13, 14.83, and 38.93 mg g−1 for untreated OS, HNO3-OS, H2SO4-OS, and NaOH-OS, respectively, and 26.72, 86.40, 72.78, and 123.80 mg g−1 for untreated OTP, HNO3-OTP, H2SO4-OTP, and NaOH-OTP, respectively. Finally, the loss of mass for each waste (13.9, 14.3, and 36.8% for HNO3-OS, H2SO4-OS, and NaOH-OS and 35.1, 27.5, and 46.7% for HNO3-OTP, H2SO4-OTP, and NaOH-OTP, respectively) was taken into account and an effectiveness coefficient was determined for each adsorbent material.

Application of fuzzy logic for adaptability and stability studies in flood‐irrigated rice ( Oryza sativa )

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Carlos Silva Júnior ◽  
Michele Jorge Silva ◽  
Weverton Gomes Costa ◽  
Ithalo Coelho Sousa ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Irrigated Rice
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