Field Investigation of Indoor Thermal Environment and Thermal Adaption of Dalian Residences in Winter

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 458-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Sheng Zhu ◽  
Fei Guo ◽  
Tong Zhu ◽  
Shu Guo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Neutral Temperature

To study the thermal environment of Dalian residences, in winter from 2011 to 2012 field investigation were conducted on indoor thermal environment, thermal sensation and adaptation measures. Thermal comfort instrument was used, and 102 subjective questionnaires in 36 families were collected. The acceptability to the thermal environment is 93.2%. The neutral temperature is 20.44°C, and the expected temperature is 20.81°C. 80% of the acceptable temperature range is 17.38-24.28°C. 57% of subjects think it is dry indoor and measures shall be taken for humidification.

Thermal comfort analyses of naturally ventilated university classrooms

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 427-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baharuddin Hamzah ◽  
Muhammad Taufik Ishak ◽  
Syarif Beddu ◽  
Mohammad Yoenus Osman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Neutral Temperature ◽  
Radiant Temperature ◽  
University Classrooms

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse thermal comfort and the thermal environment in naturally ventilated classrooms. Specifically, the aims of the study were to identify the thermal environment and thermal comfort of respondents in naturally ventilated university classrooms and compare them with the ASHRAE and Indonesian National Standard (SNI); to check on whether the predicted mean vote (PMV) model is applicable or not for predicting the thermal comfort of occupants in naturally ventilated university classrooms; and to analyse the neutral temperature of occupants in the naturally ventilated university classrooms. Design/methodology/approach The study was carried out at the new campus of Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa campus. A number of field surveys, which measured thermal environments, namely, air temperature, mean radiant temperature (MRT), relative humidity, and air velocity, were carried out. The personal activity and clothing properties were also recorded. At the same time, respondents were asked to fill a questionnaire to obtain their thermal sensation votes (TSV) and thermal comfort votes (TCV), thermal preference, and thermal acceptance. A total of 118 respondents participated in the study. Before the survey was conducted, a brief explanation was provided to the participants to ensure that they understood the study objectives and also how to fill in the questionnaires. Findings The results indicated that the surveyed classrooms had higher thermal environments than those specified in the well-known ASHRAE standard and Indonesian National Standard (SNI). However, this condition did not make respondents feel uncomfortable because a large proportion of respondents voted within the comfort zone (+1, 0, and −1). The predictive mean vote using the PMV model was higher than the respondents’ votes either by TSV or by TCV. There was a huge difference between neutral temperature using operative temperature (To) and air temperature (Ta). This difference may have been because of the small value of MRT recorded in the measured classrooms. Originality/value The research shows that the use of the PMV model in predicting thermal comfort in the tropic region might be misleading. This is because PMV mostly overestimates the TSV and TCV of the respondents. People in the tropic region are more tolerant to a higher temperature. On the basis of this finding, there is a need to develop a new thermal comfort model for university classrooms that is particularly optimal for this tropical area.

scholarly journals The effects of building layouts and envelope on indoor thermal environment of Hui style traditional buildings in Wuyuan

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 05013
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Hong ◽  
Guangjin Zhang ◽  
Yufeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Comfort Model

Indoor thermal environment of Hui style traditional houses is depended on surrounding environments, building layouts and envelope. Quantitative analysis of the effects of building layouts and envelope on indoor thermal environment is of great significance for preventions of traditional houses and design of new archaized houses. A field investigation was conducted on thirty-six traditional houses from nine villages in Wuyuan, and the typical buildings’ layout and envelope were determined. Four traditional buildings in different location in Wuyuan were selected for continual recording. The four buildings with four types of building layouts and envelope were analyzed by using local adaptive thermal comfort model, and the effects of building layouts and envelope of traditional buildings were clearly revealed. The most crucial way to improve indoor thermal environment in Hui style traditional buildings was raising the indoor air temperature.

Field Survey on Occupant Thermal Comfort of Cold Regions in Transition Season

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 1620-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Ying Qu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Transition Season

A thermal comfort field study was investigated in residential buildings of cold regions in transition season during which the indoor thermal environment conditions are measured, the thermal sensation value of the occupants is questioned and recorded. A seven-point thermal sensation scale was used to evaluate the thermal sensation. The statistical method was used to analyze the data and the conclusions are as follows in transition season: clothing increase in 0.1clo when the indoor air temperature is lowered by 1°C; and clothing will be a corresponding increase in 0.06clo when the outdoor air temperature is lowered by 1°C; clothing also varies with gender, age, weight and thermal history and other related; the measured thermal neutral temperature is 21.3°C; and the minimum accepted temperature is 11.4 °C in transition season in cold regions. Most people choose to change clothes, switch and other passive measures, and occasionally take active measures of heater, electric fans and others.

scholarly journals Impact of ventilation system type on indoor thermal environment and human thermal comfort in a ceiling cooling room

2021 ◽  
pp. 277-277
Author(s):  
Xiaozhou Wu ◽  
Genglin Liu ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Shuang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Curtain Wall ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
System Type

A ceiling cooling (CC) system integrated with a mechanical ventilation system is an advanced HVAC system for the modern office building with glass curtain wall. In this paper, considering the influence of heat transfer of external envelope, the indoor thermal environment and human thermal comfort were objectively measured and subjectively evaluated in a ceiling cooling room with mixing ventilation (MV) or underfloor air distribution (UFAD). Indoor physical parameters and human skin temperatures were measured as the chilled ceiling surface temperature and supply air temperature were 17.1?C-17.6?C and 22.2?C - 22.6?C. Simultaneously, 16 subjects (8 males and 8 females) were selected to subjectively evaluate the thermal environment. The results showed that the difference between mean radiant temperature and air temperature in the occupied zone was 0.8?C with CC+MV and 1.2?C with CC+UFAD, and the indoor air velocity was 0.17m/s with CC+MV and 0.13m/s with CC+UFAD. In addition, the calculated and measured thermal sensation votes with CC+MV were all slightly less than those with CC+UFAD. Therefore, ventilation system type had a slight impact on the indoor thermal environment and human thermal comfort in the ceiling cooling room.

The indoor thermal environment of rural school classrooms in Northwestern China

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Liu ◽  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Dengjia Wang ◽  
Jiaping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Clothing Insulation ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Neutral Temperature ◽  
The Impact

School classroom thermal environments could impact on thermal comfort and learning performance. Currently, the majority of research on the school indoor thermal environment has been focusing on urban areas, but notably little research has been conducted on rural schools. A field study was undertaken during the winter in Northwestern China, in order to investigate the indoor thermal environment and the impact on students’ thermal comfort and learning performance in rural primary and secondary schools. Through subjective surveys and objective measurements, we gathered 763 sets of data and questionnaires. Together with the measured air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, globe temperature, teenagers’ activity levels and clothing insulation levels, the sensations of the indoor air conditions and the learning performance were evaluated. The current thermal environment situation in rural schools was identified. The neutral temperature was found to be approximately 15.0℃ with an average clothing insulation of 1.6 clo. Overall, the environment is satisfactory and comfortable. Moreover, the results from the students’ fatigue testing demonstrated the temperature corresponding to the highest learning performance is lower than the actual neutral temperature by about 1.0℃. The basic parameters of our findings have provided a future reference for improvement of the thermal environment in rural schools.

scholarly journals Does a neutral thermal sensation determine thermal comfort?

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Shahzad ◽  
John Brennan ◽  
Dimitris Theodossopoulos ◽  
John K Calautit ◽  
Ben R Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Thermal Preference ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
Comfort Condition

The neutral thermal sensation (neither cold, nor hot) is widely used through the application of the ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale to assess thermal comfort. This study investigated the application of the neutral thermal sensation and it questions the reliability of any study that solely relies on neutral thermal sensation. Although thermal-neutrality has already been questioned, still most thermal comfort studies only use this measure to assess thermal comfort of the occupants. In this study, the connection of the occupant’s thermal comfort with thermal-neutrality was investigated in two separate contexts of Norwegian and British offices. Overall, the thermal environment of four office buildings was evaluated and 313 responses (three times a day) to thermal sensation, thermal preference, comfort, and satisfaction were recorded. The results suggested that 36% of the occupants did not want to feel neutral and they considered thermal sensations other than neutral as their comfort condition. Also, in order to feel comfortable, respondents reported wanting to feel different thermal sensations at different times of the day suggesting that occupant desire for thermal comfort conditions may not be as steady as anticipated. This study recommends that other measures are required to assess human thermal comfort, such as thermal preference. Practical application: This study questions the application of neutral thermal sensation as the measure of thermal comfort. The findings indicate that occupant may consider other sensations than neutral as comfortable. This finding directly questions the standard comfort zone (e.g. ASHRAE Standard 55) as well as the optimum temperature, as many occupants required different thermal sensations at different times of the day to feel comfortable. These findings suggest that a steady indoor thermal environment does not guarantee thermal comfort and variations in the room temperature, which can be controlled by the occupant, need to be considered as part of the building design.

A Field Study on Thermal Comfort of Traditional Metal Processing Factories

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 443-448
Author(s):  
Chih Chun Su ◽  
Sai Chih Pan ◽  
Shih Feng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Neutral Temperature ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
Rest Time ◽  
Metal Processing ◽  
Environment Index ◽  
Office Environments

A traditional metal processing factory is a hot workplace. Previously, the rationality of the work-rest time regimen and the hazard of workload on employee health have been evaluated; however, thermal comfort of workers in such a hot workplace has not been discussed. This paper uses the standard new effective temperature as the thermal environment index to investigate the neutral temperature, preferred temperature, and comfortable temperature range. The doors and windows in traditional metal processing factories are always open; therefore, the neutral temperature is almost the same as the neutral temperature in semi-outdoor and outdoor environments. In addition, the preferred temperature is slightly higher than the neutral temperature. We also discovered that the comfortable temperature range in traditional metal processing factories is larger than that in office environments, but smaller than that in semi-outdoor and outdoor environments.

scholarly journals A Field Study on Thermal Comfort in Multi-Storey Residential Buildings in the Karst Area of Guilin

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12764
Author(s):  
Xinzhi Gong ◽  
Qinglin Meng ◽  
Yilei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Thermal Environments

It is important to consider reducing energy use while improving occupants’ indoor thermal comfort. The actual thermal comfort needs and demands should be considered to determine the indoor thermal environment design. In previous studies, research has not been carried out on thermal comfort in karst areas. Thus, a long-term field investigation was carried out on multi-storey residential buildings in the karst area of Guilin city centre during summer (from August 2019 to September 2019) and winter (from December 2019 to January 2020). In this study, the indoor thermal environments of three categories of dwellings were analysed. A total of 77 residential buildings with 144 households were randomly selected, and 223 occupants from 18 to 80 years old participated. A total of 414 effective questionnaires were collected from the subjects. The results show that there was an obvious conflict between the predicted mean vote (PMV) and the thermal sensation vote (TSV). The neutrality temperatures calculated by the regression method were 24.2 °C in summer and 16.2 °C in winter. The thermal comfort range was observed at operative temperatures of 20.9–27.5 °C in summer and 12.2–20.1 °C in winter. The desired thermal sensation for people in the Guilin karst area was not always reflected in the thermal neutrality range. A preference for warmness was identified in the survey.

Evaluation of Indoor Thermal Environment in a Radiant-Cooled-Floor Office Building in Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Jie Kwong ◽  
Mohamad Afri Arsad ◽  
Nor Mariah Adam
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Variable Air Volume ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Radiant Cooling ◽  
Comfort Parameters

This paper presents the findings of a thermal comfort survey conducted in a tropical green office building. The building was installed with a slab-integrated radiant cooling system, which operated concurrently with an integrated variable-air-volume system. Evaluation of indoor thermal environment was made, where both objective and subjective assessments were carried out. The air temperature, air velocity, relative humidity and surface temperatures were measured by using calibrated sensors. Based on the data collected from the field assessment, the thermal comforts indices with expectancy factor were calculated. The results showed that thermal comfort parameters were within the comfort range specified in a local guideline, except for the air velocity profile. Besides, discrepancy between the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) with expectancy factor and Actual Mean Vote (AMV) was found, which showed that the former still overestimated the thermal sensation of occupants although an expectancy factor of 0.5 was used.

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