Smart Identity Management System by Face Detection Using Multitasking Convolution Network

Identity management system in most academic and office environments is presently achieved primarily by a manual method where the user has to input their attendance into the system. The manual method sometimes results in human error and makes the process less efficient and time-consuming. The proposed system highlights the implementation and design of a smart face identification-based management system while taking into account both the background luminosity and distance. This system detects and recognizes the person and marks their attendance with the timestamp. In this methodology, the face is initially resized to 3 different sizes of 256, 384, and 512 pixels for multiscale testing. The overall outcome size descriptor is the overall mean for these characteristic vectors, and the deep convolution neural network calculates 22 facial features in 128 distinct embeddings in 22-deep network layers. The pose of the 2D face from −15 to +15° provides identification with 98% accuracy in low computation time. Another feature of the proposed system is that it is able to accurately perform identification with an accuracy of 99.92% from a distance of 5 m under optimal light conditions. The accuracy is also dependent on the light intensity where it varies from 96% to 99% under 100 to 1000 lumen/m2, respectively. The presented model not only improves accuracy and identity under realistic conditions but also reduces computation time.

USER EVALUATIONS OF CONTRAST-DOMINANT DISCOMFORT GLARE IN DIM DAYLIT SCENARIOS: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS

Discomfort glare metrics typically consider at least one of the two effects of discomfort glare - saturation and contrast - in their equation. The former occurs when there is an excessively bright glare source in the field of view, while the latter occurs when there is a high luminance ratio between the glare source and the adaptation level of the eye. We hypothesize that the contrast effect may dominate in low-light scenarios such as those commonly found in open-plan offices. Thus, we designed and carried out a user study in controlled laboratory conditions with 63 participants with a total of 252 scenes to investigate discomfort glare evaluations in dim daylight office environments with low adaptation levels. Our preliminary findings support our hypothesis that contrast-driven metrics predict glare responses in a more reliable way than hybrid metrics at low adaptation levels where the contrast effect dominates, which underlines the need for refining glare metrics in low brightness conditions.

OPTIMIZING CAMERA PLACEMENT FOR A LUMINANCE-BASED SHADING CONTROL SYSTEM

Shading control strategies are nowadays employed in office environments to improve the visual comfort of the user. These strategies are often solely illuminance-based whereas comfort metrics as the Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) also need luminance values. In previous studies, daylight glare has been assessed by calculating the DGP from luminance maps obtained via a luminance camera or from a High Dynamic Range (HDR) image obtained with a commercially available camera. These detectors are traditionally mounted close to the user and aligned with the viewing direction. In real office environments, this camera position is impractical, and simulations based on machine learning techniques have shown a relation between the DGP from an observer's viewpoint and the DGP calculated from a ceiling camera. This paper experimentally validates this method in a real office environment by using two different cameras and two different illuminance sensors, i.e., a low-cost illuminance sensor and a calibrated sensor. Both cameras render similar results, although one camera overestimates the DGP. Moreover, the shortcomings of the simulation results are pinpointed and the obstacles for a realistic application are addressed. Furthermore, it was found that when moving the cameras to different positions, the sun position was shown to be an informative additional input for correlating the two DGP values. In future work, additional data will be analysed to determine the performance in other weather conditions and window orientations.

Push, Pull, Shrink, Grow: The co-share workplace interior that reflects changing spatial needs

<p>This thesis explores how co-working offices emerged as a solution to the shift in the social expectations of the workplace. It studies how the rise in the number of freelancers and entrepreneurs has resulted in the materialisation of co-working offices. It examines how co-working offices offer flexibility in terms of membership plans, but how their interior environments do not yet reflect this. In short it aims to investigate how these workplace interiors can adapt to meet residents needs. This research embraces the multi-functionality of the co-working office and the demands of residents who occupy these spaces. Three local case studies and international precedents are explored which give insight and offer opportunities on materiality, site context and multi-functional spaces. It explores how to engage residents by challenging how best to design co-working offices. This project considers the requirements of the co-working office and how co-working interiors are occupied throughout the day. The design proposes a kit of parts ‘space making’ solution, which enables co-working offices to meet resident’s needs. This research contributes to the limited published discussion of understanding interior space in the context of co-working offices. This research explores through interior architecture, how co-working offices can be designed to reflect its resident’s individual ways of working and co-workings varying spatial needs. Although based around co-working spaces, the researcher recognises the implications for findings based around corporate office environments.</p>

Push, Pull, Shrink, Grow: The co-share workplace interior that reflects changing spatial needs

<p>This thesis explores how co-working offices emerged as a solution to the shift in the social expectations of the workplace. It studies how the rise in the number of freelancers and entrepreneurs has resulted in the materialisation of co-working offices. It examines how co-working offices offer flexibility in terms of membership plans, but how their interior environments do not yet reflect this. In short it aims to investigate how these workplace interiors can adapt to meet residents needs. This research embraces the multi-functionality of the co-working office and the demands of residents who occupy these spaces. Three local case studies and international precedents are explored which give insight and offer opportunities on materiality, site context and multi-functional spaces. It explores how to engage residents by challenging how best to design co-working offices. This project considers the requirements of the co-working office and how co-working interiors are occupied throughout the day. The design proposes a kit of parts ‘space making’ solution, which enables co-working offices to meet resident’s needs. This research contributes to the limited published discussion of understanding interior space in the context of co-working offices. This research explores through interior architecture, how co-working offices can be designed to reflect its resident’s individual ways of working and co-workings varying spatial needs. Although based around co-working spaces, the researcher recognises the implications for findings based around corporate office environments.</p>

Behavior Increase Body Immunity

Covid-19 has spread to several countries including Indonesia. Responding to the growing trend of spreading and contagion of Covid-19, which has continued to increase, since April 2020. The Covid-19 pandemic has become a disruption so we need to recognize, overcome, and prevent this uncertainty so that this uncertainty will end soon To provide advice to all levels of society to be alert to the Covid-19 outbreak as an effort to reduce the spread of the Covid-19 outbreak, one of which is to increase body immunity. The method used in this study is a survey method used to analyze the role of employees of Cibinong Sentra Medika Hospital in increasing body immunity. The survey results showed that the average "yes" answer was above 70% on the understanding and knowledge employees of Cibinong Sentra Medika Hospital about the Covid-19 virus and how to increase body immunity. The knowledge employees of Cibinong Sentra Medika Hospital about Covid 19 and community behavior regarding the prevention and transmission of Covid-19 is in a good category. This condition has become a good strength for employees of Cibinong Sentra Medika Hospital in the Covid-19 handling program. Efforts to prevent and monitor the spread of Covid-19 must continue to be carried out by various parties, in various locations/office environments or community associations/public places, including their respective communities/individuals so that there is no increase in the number of serious cases. The public is advised not to stress easily in the face of this uncertain situation during the Covid-19 pandemic

Visual performance of home offices: a case study

The design of the lighting systems in conventional office environments is typically supported by domain specialists. However, the same is not true of home offices, whose arrangements frequently result from ad hoc and do-it-yourself activities. This circumstance may have ramifications for occupants’ health, comfort, and productivity, given the recent significant increase in home officing prevalence. In this context, the present contribution reports on a detailed case study of lighting conditions in a number of home office settings. Thereby, nine home offices (located in the city of Izmir, Turkey) were investigated. The home offices serve a variety of professionals. The study involved measurements under daylight and electrical light conditions. Moreover, simulations were conducted to explore improvement opportunities. The investigation results point to a highly uneven level of performance across the selected cases. The visual conditions were found to be generally better under daylighting conditions, despite some instances of excessive illuminance. Electrical lighting analysis results reveal in many cases insufficient light levels due, in part, to unsuitable types and positions of the luminaires. Simulation-based optimization exercises suggest that the visual conditions in the studied home offices can be considerably improved via changes in the number and types of the luminaires.

Detection and Isolation of DoS and Integrity Cyber Attacks in Cyber-Physical Systems with a Neural Network-Based Architecture

New applications of industrial automation request great flexibility in the systems, supported by the increase in the interconnection between its components, allowing access to all the information of the system and its reconfiguration based on the changes that occur during its operations, with the purpose of reaching optimum points of operation. These aspects promote the Smart Factory paradigm, integrating physical and digital systems to create smarts products and processes capable of transforming conventional value chains, forming the Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). This flexibility opens a large gap that affects the security of control systems since the new communication links can be used by people to generate attacks that produce risk in these applications. This is a recent problem in the control systems, which originally were centralized and later were implemented as interconnected systems through isolated networks. To protect these systems, strategies that have presented acceptable results in other environments, such as office environments, have been chosen. However, the characteristics of these applications are not the same, and the results achieved are not as expected. This problem has motivated several efforts in order to contribute from different approaches to increase the security of control systems. Based on the above, this work proposes an architecture based on artificial neural networks for detection and isolation of cyber attacks Denial of Service (DoS) and integrity in CPS. Simulation results of two test benches, the Secure Water Treatment (SWaT) dataset, and a tanks system, show the effectiveness of the proposal. Regarding the SWaT dataset, the scores obtained from the recall and F1 score metrics was 0.95 and was higher than other reported works, while, in terms of precision and accuracy, it obtained a score of 0.95 which is close to other proposed methods. With respect to the interconnected tank system, scores of 0.96,0.83,0.81, and 0.83 were obtained for the accuracy, precision, F1 score, and recall metrics, respectively. The high true negatives rate in both cases is noteworthy. In general terms, the proposal has a high effectiveness in detecting and locating the proposed attacks.