Effect of Barium Stearate on the Thermal Stability of Polyvinyl Chloride

2013 ◽  
Vol 395-396 ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Heng Lu ◽  
Wei Long Liu ◽  
Feng Wei ◽  
Shuang Chun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Barium Stearate ◽  
Degradation Reaction ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Kinetics Of

Thermal degradation reaction kinetics of PVC stabilized by barium stearate were studied by means of the non-isothermal weight-loss technique under a nitrogen atmosphere. The results show that the lowest decomposition temperature is greater than 203.6°C and 217.2°C in the conversion rate of 5% and 10% respectively. When the heating rate β is 10°C/min, at 200°C and 225°C the remaining mass from the sample with barium stearate was 99.1% and 95.3%, respectively. The thermal decomposition process occurred in three stages, the results calculated by various methods show that the average apparent activation energy in first, second and third phase is 79.88kJ/mol, 89.37kJ/mol and 187.34kJ/mol respectively. In the initial reaction ( α<18%), as heating rate is 20°C/min, the decomposition reaction is controlled by the (A1.5) mechanism.

Effect of Organotin on the Thermal Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 838-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wei ◽  
Yi Heng Lu ◽  
Wei Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
First Order ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The thermal degradation behavior of PVC stabilized by the organotin were investigated by means of the thermogravimetric analysis and non-isothermal multiple scanning method. The results indicate that the lowest decomposition temperature is greater than 210°C in the conversion rate of 5%. The decomposition process occurred in three stages. The results calculated by Kissinger, Ozawa, Starink and Friedman methods show that the average apparent activation energy in first, second and third phase is 98.46kJ/mol, 111.24kJ/mol and 243.23kJ/mol respectively. In the initial reaction (α<10%), the decomposition reaction is controlled by the first order (F1) mechanism, with a half-life of 4.92h at 180°C.

Fire Performances, Hot Properties and Decomposition Kinetics of Sb2O3/DBDPE/RTV

2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Juan Juan Wang ◽  
Wen Xing Li ◽  
La Jun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Linear Least Squares ◽  
Flame Retardant Property ◽  
Kinetics Of

Fire and hot properties of title composite were taken by the method of vertical burning, OI, and TG. Fire performance experiments demonstrated that the scale of flame retardant property of Sb2O3/ DBDPE/RTV was FV-0, OI was 46. Hot decomposition temperature is about 400 oC to 520 oC with the amount of 20wt% as additives. The kinetic parameters of the decomposition reaction of the title composite have been studied by means of DSC. The data are fitted to the integral, differential and exothermic rate equations by linear least-squares, iterative, combined dichotomous and least-squares methods, respectively. The study leads the reader to the conclusion that the empirical kinetic model functions in differential form, the values of and of this reaction were , -1857.20 kJ/mol and 244.9 s-1 respectively. Sb2O3/ DBDPE are a kind of flame retardant which own its flame retardant function to higher activation energy but the release of halogen. It is a usable retardant during the lifetime.

Heat Resistance Properties of an Cured ATPU/Epoxy Resin

2014 ◽  
Vol 1058 ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Wen Yi Chen ◽  
Jian Guo Guan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Resin System ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Epoxy Resin System ◽  
Kinetics Of

Thermogravimetry (TG-DTA) method was used to study the heat resistance properties and the thermal decomposition kinetics of the aromatic amine-terminated polyurethane (ATPU)/Epoxy Resin System (E-44) which includes both flexible chains and rigid structural units. The results indicate that the decomposition temperature of the cured ATPU-2/E-44 is higher than that of the cured ATPU-1.5/E-44, and thermal decomposition residual of cured ATPU-2/E-44 is higher than that of cured ATPU-1.5/E-44 system. These results denote that the cured ATPU-2/E-44 has better heat resistance. The results of decomposition kinetics showed that the decomposition reaction activity of the ATPU-2/E-44 system is higher than that of ATPU-1.5/E-44.

Micro-Calorimetric Study on the Thermal Stability of N, N-Dimethylhydroxylamine in the APOR Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao Zhi ◽  
Yan Taihong ◽  
Bian Xiaoyan ◽  
Li Chuanbo ◽  
Zuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Molar Enthalpy ◽  
Enthalpies Of Formation ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Calorimetric Study ◽  
Hno3 Solution ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The thermal stability of N, N-dimethylhydroxylamine (DMHAN) in the HNO3 solution was studied using microcalorimeter. The influence of concentration of HNO3, DMHAN, methylhydrazine (MH), atmosphere (air and nitrogen), and metals was investigated. The kinetic parameters and self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) of the feed in process (stripping reagents 1BX, scouring agent 2DS, stripping reagents 2BX, and waste aqueous phase 2DW) were calculated by Advanced Kinetics and Technology Solutions (akts) thermokinetics software. The molar enthalpy of the reaction of NaNO2 with DMHAN and MH was also determined. The results show that the initial reaction temperature (T0) of DMHAN/HNO3 (HNO3: 1.5–3.0 mol/L, DMHAN: 0.05–0.8 mol/L) is increased as the acidity is reduced or the concentration of DMHAN is increased. Holding reductant MH made the induction period of the autocatalytic reaction longer. The air, nitrogen atmosphere, Fe, and the fission products (Zr, Ru) do not affect the decomposition of DMHAN, but the stainless steel made the T0 of DMHAN/HNO3 become lower. The SADT of 1BX/2DS, 2BX, and 2DW is 56 °C, 52 °C and 47 °C, respectively. The molar enthalpies of formation of the reaction of NaNO2 with DMHAN and MH are −411.3 kJ/mol, −246.0 kJ/mol, respectively.

Study on Thermal Analysis Kinetics of Carbon Support

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 1322-1325
Author(s):  
Jun Song ◽  
Wen Long Jian ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Tg And Dtg ◽  
Thermal Analysis Kinetics ◽  
Actived Carbon ◽  
Kinetics Of

Actived carbon can be widely used as adsorbent, catalyst and catalyst support for many chemical reactions. At present, the research on thermal analysis Kinetics of actived carbon is quite few.Studing on it,is helpful for disclosing the decomposition reaction process and thermodynamic law of actived carbon. By thermal analysis, thermal decomposition Characteristics of actived carbon is studied. The TG and DTG eurves of actived carbon were obtain ed using multiple heating rate method.The test data were processed by iso-conversional method to obtain the kinetic parameters.The results showed that, with the improving of heating rate , the startimg reaction temperature of TG and the peak temperature of DTG shifted to the high temperature zone, postponement phenomena occurred.Based on the collected experimental data, it proved that had better linear relations with . The activation energy E of decomposition reaction of actived carbon, which was determined by measurements of slope, was 96.59kJ/mol. The plot of vs was drew and a straight line was obtained. .The mechanism function was defined as ,so according to the slope and intercept of the line,it can be obtained that n=3.585,A=40189.85984.

Global Kinetics of the Thermal Decomposition of Materials

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azzedine Missoum ◽  
Ashwani K. Gupta ◽  
Jianrong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Transfer Product ◽  
Product Evolution ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Results on the thermal destruction behavior during the decomposition of cellulose under controlled conditions are presented. Thermogravimetric (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) tests have been carried out on the celluose samples under conditions of various heating rate and surrounding gas environment. Pyrolysis times were also measured for different size particles having different moisture contents in a controlled mixing history reactor (CMHR). The global decomposition kinetics were investigated and it was found that the decomposition process is shifts to higher temperatures at higher heating rates as a result of the competing effects of heat and mass transfer, product diffusion and the reactions kinetics. The Arrhenius parameters for pyrolysis were determined using a first order decomposition reaction of the type, dm = −km dt. It was found that the activation energy, heat of pyrolysis and char yield are a strong function of the heating rate. An increase in heating rate from 5 to 60°C/min resulted in a change of activation energy from 204.19 to 138.31 kJ/mole °C. This heating rate dependence of the kinetics is discussed. The overall decomposition process of the examined materials is generally endothermic. In general, heat transfer, mass diffusion, product evolution, heating rate, temperature and environment are the parameters that control the decomposition process. It was also shown that heat transfer and mass transport have the most effects on the decomposition process.

Effect of Heating Rate on the Deinking Sludge Pyrolysis Character

2014 ◽  
Vol 670-671 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Wang ◽  
Jia Chuan Chen ◽  
Gui Hua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Integration Method ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Order Parallel ◽  
Organic Decomposition

In this paper, the thermogravimetic (TG) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) curves of deinking sludge from Huatai Group Co., Ltd were derived from tests of thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA). Pyrolysis character and kinetics of deinking sludge were investigated using thermalanalysis. The result showed that the pyrolysis process was composed of three stages: water lose stage, organic decomposition and decomposition of residues. The dynamical model of this pyrolysis process could be expressed by three first-order parallel reaction. The kinetic parameters of pyrolysis reaction were calculated respectively by Coats-Redfern integration method, the effect of heating rate on the deinking sludge pyrolysis characteristics was discussed.

Pyrolysis Kinetics of PA66/CB

2015 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
De Hui Guo ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Hai Rong Jiang ◽  
Guo Chun Chen ◽  
Zhang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Temperature Hysteresis ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
One Step ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Kinetics Of

The pyrolysis kinetics parameters of material had an great importance on estimating material degradation during laser transmission welding. The PA66/CB was produced using a twin-screw extruder, and thermogravimetric experiment of PA66/CB was performed at different heating rate of 5, 10, 15 and 20 °C/min, then the pyrolsis behavior and pyrolysis kinetics parameters of material were investigated based on the Kissinger, Starink and Freeman-Carroll three methods. The results showed that the pyrolsis process of PA66/CB was one step reaction. With the increase of heating rate, the initial reaction temperature and final pyrolsis temperature of TG curve and the peak temperature of DTG curve were shift to higher temperature. Temperature hysteresis was appeared but the final pyrolsis rate was not affected by heating rate. The activation energy on the biggest pyrolsis rate was not affected by the addition of carbon black. The activation energy calculated using Starink method was increased by the increase of conversion rate. The activation energy calculated using Freeman-Carroll method was bigger than Kissinger and Starink methods. The activation energy was calculated using Freeman-Carroll method, then using the nthmodel, and the pyrolsis kinetic equation was expressed as:dα/dt=2.053×1019[exp (-245.32×103/RT)](1-α)2.22.

scholarly journals Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Bis-Gem-Dinitroethyl Derivatives of N-Nitraminoacetic Acid

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Lyudmila А. Kruglyakova ◽  
Rudolf S. Stepanov ◽  
Konstantin V. Pekhotin ◽  
Oksana А. Golubtsova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Mechanism Of Decomposition ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

Thermal decomposition kinetics of bis-gem-dinitroethyl substituted compounds based on N-nitraminoacetic acid is studied. Structural and kinetic patterns are revealed and a chemical mechanism of decomposition reaction is established, including the primary homolysis of C-NO2 bond in the gem-dinitroethyl fragment. The activation parameters are defined for the initial reaction. The reactivity of the studied compounds was analyzed and quantitative correlations between the logarithms of the rate constant, the activation energies and the steric constants of substituents in the gem-dinitroethyl group were found

The Kinetics of Inhibition of the Action of Thrombin by the Fibrinopeptides Formed during the Clotting of Fibrinogen

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 277-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Silver ◽  
M Murray
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Coagulation Mechanism ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Inhibition ◽  
Burk Plot

SummaryVarious investigators have separated the coagulation products formed when fibrinogen is clotted with thrombin and identified fibrinopeptides A and B. Two other peaks are observed in the chromatogram of the products of coagulation, but these have mostly been dismissed by other workers. They have been identified by us as amino acids, smaller peptides and amorphous material (37). We have re-chromatographed these peaks and identified several amino acids. In a closed system of fibrinogen and thrombin, the only reaction products should be fibrin and peptide A and peptide B. This reasoning has come about because thrombin has been reported to be specific for the glycyl-arginyl peptide bond. It is suggested that thrombin also breaks other peptide linkages and the Peptide A and Peptide B are attacked by thrombin to yield proteolytic products. Thrombin is therefore probably not specific for the glycyl-arginyl bond but will react on other linkages as well.If the aforementioned is correct then the fibrinopeptides A and B would cause an inhibition with the coagulation mechanism itself. We have shown that an inhibition does occur. We suggest that there is an autoinhibition to the clotting mechanism that might be a control mechanism in the human body.The experiment was designed for coagulation to occur under controlled conditions of temperature and time. Purified reactants were used. We assembled an apparatus to record visually the speed of the initial reaction, the rate of the reaction, and the density of the final clot formed after a specific time.The figures we derived made available to us data whereby we could calculate and plot the information to show the mechanism and suggest that such an inhibition does exist and also further suggest that it might be competitive.In order to prove true competitive inhibition it is necessary to fulfill the criteria of the Lineweaver-Burk plot. This has been done. We have also satisfied other criteria of Dixon (29) and Bergman (31) that suggest true competitive inhibition.

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