Biological Evaluation and Characterisation of Novel Hydrogel Matrices as Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 679 ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Grehan ◽  
John Killion ◽  
Sinead Devery ◽  
Clement Higginbotham ◽  
Luke Geever
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Composite Hydrogels ◽  
Hybrid Hydrogels ◽  
Contact Exposure

Novel photopolymerised composite hydrogels based on PEGDMA, maleic chitosan and maleic PVA were investigated for their suitability in bone tissue engineering applications. Initial swelling and compression studies revealed that the hydrogels permitted the retention of aqueous solution while still maintaining structural integrity. Promising cytotoxicity data was obtained during direct and indirect contact exposure of composite hydrogels to pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cells. Hybrid hydrogels displayed minimal cytotoxic properties and allow tailoring of mechanical properties by variation of the loading of the maleic component in the composite. Scanning electron microscopy and live-dead staining of composite hydrogels also revealed that maleic chitosan based gels supported the adhesion of MC3T3-E1 cells and may have potential as bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

HYDROXYAPATITE, ALGINATE, AND CHITOSAN FOR BONE SCAFFOLDS: SPECTROSCOPY STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Lalita El Milla
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Powder ◽  
Materials Used

Scaffolds is three dimensional structure that serves as a framework for bone growth. Natural materials are often used in synthesis of bone tissue engineering scaffolds with respect to compliance with the content of the human body. Among the materials used to make scafffold was hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. Hydroxyapatite powder obtained by mixing phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, alginate powders extracted from brown algae and chitosan powder acetylated from crab. The purpose of this study was to examine the functional groups of hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. The method used in this study was laboratory experimental using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan powders. The results indicated the presence of functional groups PO43-, O-H and CO32- in hydroxyapatite. In alginate there were O-H, C=O, COOH and C-O-C functional groups, whereas in chitosan there were O-H, N-H, C=O, C-N, and C-O-C. It was concluded that the third material containing functional groups as found in humans that correspond to the scaffolds material in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL NANOCOMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING: FROM DESIGN TO APPLICATION

Nano LIFE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250005 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN DUAN ◽  
MIN WANG ◽  
WILLIAM W. LU
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffolds

Selective laser sintering (SLS), a rapid prototyping technology, was investigated for producing bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Completely biodegradable osteoconductive calcium phosphate (Ca-P)/poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) scaffolds were successfully fabricated via SLS using Ca-P/PHBV nanocomposite microspheres. In the SLS manufacturing route, the architecture of tissue engineering scaffolds (pore shape, size, interconnectivity, etc.) can be designed and the sintering process can be optimized for obtaining scaffolds with desirable porous structures and mechanical properties. SLS was also shown to be very effective in producing highly complex porous structures using nanocomposite microspheres. To render SLS-formed Ca-P/PHBV scaffolds osteoinductive, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) could be loaded onto the scaffolds. For achieving a controlled release of rhBMP-2 from scaffolds, surface modification of Ca-P/PHBV scaffolds by gelatin entrapment and heparin immobilization was needed. The immobilized heparin provided binding affinity for rhBMP-2. Surface modified Ca-P/PHBV nanocomposite scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-2 enhanced the proliferation of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) and also their alkaline phosphatase activity. In in vivo experiments using a rabbit model, surface modified Ca-P/PHBV nanocomposite scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-2 promoted ectopic bone formation, exhibiting their osteoinductivity. The strategy of combining advanced scaffold fabrication, nanocomposite material, and controlled growth factor delivery is promising for bone tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Post Processing and Biological Evaluation of the Titanium Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Wysocki ◽  
Joanna Idaszek ◽  
Karol Szlązak ◽  
Karolina Strzelczyk ◽  
Tomasz Brynk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Post Processing

Development of silk fibroin/nanohydroxyapatite composite hydrogels for bone tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 66-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ribeiro ◽  
Mariana A. de Moraes ◽  
Marisa M. Beppu ◽  
Mónica P. Garcia ◽  
Maria H. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Composite Hydrogels

Biological Evaluation of a Novel Tissue Engineering Scaffold of Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs)

2011 ◽  
Vol 493-494 ◽  
pp. 902-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Fayyazbakhsh ◽  
Mehran Solati-Hashjin ◽  
M.A. Shokrgozar ◽  
S. Bonakdar ◽  
Y. Ganji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxides ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cell ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Double Hydroxides

Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) composed of three main parts: scaffold, cells and signaling factors. Several materials and composites are suggested as a scaffold for BTE. Biocompatibility is one of the most important property of a BTE scaffold. In this work synthesis of a novel nanocomposite including layered double hydroxides (LDH) and gelatin is carried out and its biological properties were studied. The co-precipitation (pH=11) method was used to prepare the LDH powder, using calcium nitrate, Magesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate salts as starting materials. The resulted precipitates were dried. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were used to characterize the synthesized powders. The results demonstrated the presence of nanocrystals of Ca-LDH and Mg-LDH as Hexagonal and Layered Morphology. The obtained powders were composed to gelatin via solvent casting method then freez dried. The scaffold was prepared via membrane lamination method from the resulted layers that linked together with gelatin as binder. In order to investigate the scaffold cytotoxicity MTT assay was done with a osteosarcoma cell line. No toxic response was observed in specimens. As a major result, it was demonstrated that the specimen showed a significant cellular response. Then osteosarcoma cells were cultured for 7-day and 14-day extract of powders. The composites osteoconductivity was investigate with cells alkaline phosphatase extraction. The results demonstrated that the Ca-LDH/gelatin composite scaffold has a good potential for bone tissue engineering applications and Mg-LDH specimen has a better osteconductivity.

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