Full-Field Displacement and Strain Measurement: Application of Digital Image Correlation to Reinforcement Corrosion Induced Concrete Fracture and Cover Cracking

Cracking of the cover concrete due to steel corrosion is considered as one of the major issues of durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. This paper tentatively studies the feasibility of DIC to reinforcement corrosion induced concrete fracture and cover cracking measurement. Advantages and limitations of DIC-based non-contact full-field measurement for corrosion induced concrete fracture and cover cracking are discussed. Drawbacks in this test need improvement are pointed out and test method for further study of whole process of simulating the real reinforced concrete cracking is put forward.

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Effect of Stirrup on Reinforcement Corrosion-Induced Cover Cracking

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1323 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 148-149 ◽

pp. 1323-1326

Author(s):

Qiang Li ◽

Xiao Jian Zhang ◽

Tian Ting Ding

Keyword(s):

Prediction Models ◽

Longitudinal Crack ◽

Steel Corrosion ◽

Reinforcement Corrosion ◽

Accelerated Corrosion ◽

Rc Structures ◽

Short Columns ◽

Cover Concrete ◽

Cover Cracking ◽

Section Size

Cracking of the cover concrete due to steel corrosion is considered as one of the major issues of durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Numerous models have been developed to predict the time from corrosion initiation to cracking of the cover concrete. However, little work has been done on the effects of stirrup on reinforcement corrosion-induced cover cracking. In this paper, the effects of stirrup on reinforcement corrosion-induced cover cracking are investigated. The results of four short columns (section size 100×100 mm, total length 515 mm) subjected to accelerated corrosion clearly show that stirrups not only can effectively postpone and prevent the longitudinal crack initiation but also can restrict the width of cracks caused by corrosion of reinforcement. Therefore, prediction models should account for the effects of stirrup on reinforcement corrosion-induced cover cracking, and even the effects of load on it.

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Relationship model between surface strain of concrete and expansion force of reinforcement rust

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83376-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fanxiu Chen ◽

Zuquan Jin ◽

Endong Wang ◽

Lanqin Wang ◽

Yudan Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Real Time ◽

Steel Corrosion ◽

Surface Strain ◽

Concrete Cracking ◽

Whole Process ◽

Steel Bars ◽

Relationship Model ◽

Expansion Force ◽

Corrosion Of Steel

AbstractConcrete cracking caused by corrosion of reinforcement could significantly shorten the durability of reinforced concrete structure. It remains critical to investigate the process and mechanism of the corrosion occurring to concrete reinforcement and establish the theoretical prediction model of concrete expansion force for the whole process of corrosion cracking of reinforcement. Under the premise of uniform corrosion of reinforcing steel bars, the elastic mechanics analysis method is adopted to analyze the entire process starting from the corrosion of steel bars to the cracking of concrete due to corrosion. A relationship model between the expansion force of corrosion of steel bars and the surface strain of concrete is established. On the cuboid reinforced concrete specimens with square cross-sections, accelerated corrosion tests are carried out to calibrate and verify the established model. The model can be able to estimate the real-time expansion force of reinforced concrete at any time of the whole process from the initiation of steel corrosion to the end of concrete cracking by measuring the surface strain of concrete. It could be useful for quantitative real-time monitoring of steel corrosion in concrete structures.

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Damage of Reinforced Concrete Structures due to Steel Corrosion

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1111.187 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1111 ◽

pp. 187-192

Author(s):

Corina Sosdean ◽

Liviu Marsavina ◽

Geert de Schutter

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Building Materials ◽

Structural Integrity ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Concrete Structures ◽

Steel Corrosion ◽

Degradation Process ◽

Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽

Chloride Ingress ◽

Rc Structures

Reinforced concrete (RC) became one of the most widely used modern building materials. In the last decades a great interest has been shown in studying reinforcement corrosion as it became one of the main factors of degradation and loss of structural integrity of RC structures. The degradation process is accelerated in the case of RC structures situated in aggressive environments like marine environments or subjected to de-icing salts. In this paper it is shown how steel corrosion of the embedded rebars occurs and how this affects the service life of reinforced concrete structures. Also, an experimental study regarding the combined effect of carbonation and chloride ingress was realized. Samples with and without rebars were drilled from a RC slab which was stored in the laboratory for two years. Non-steady state migration tests were realized in order to determine the chloride profile, while the carbonation depth was measured using the colorimetric method based on phenolphthalein spraying. It was concluded that carbonation has a significant effect on chloride ingress, increasing it.

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Towards a Planar Cruciform Specimen for Biaxial Characterisation of Polymer Matrix Composites

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.24-25.115 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24-25 ◽

pp. 115-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Michael R.L. Gower ◽

Richard M. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Strain Distribution ◽

Stress Raiser ◽

Test Method ◽

Image Correlation ◽

Strain Gauges ◽

Test Machine ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Full Field ◽

Cruciform Specimen ◽

Gauge Section

This paper details work undertaken towards the development of a standard test method for the biaxial response of planar cruciform specimens manufactured from carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates and subject to tension-tension loading. Achieving true biaxial failure in a cruciform specimen without the need for the inclusion of a stress raiser, such as a hole, in the gauge-section, is a subject attracting much research globally and is by no means a trivial exercise. Coupon designs were modelled using finite element analysis (FEA) in order to predict the stress and strain distributions in the central region of the specimen. An Instron biaxial strong-floor test machine was used to test the specimens. Strain gauges were used to measure the strain in the specimen arms and to assess the degree of bending. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to measure the full-field strain distribution in the central gauge-section of the specimen and this was compared to values measured using strain gauges. The strain readings obtained from strain gauges, DIC and FEA predictions were in good agreement and showed that the strain distribution was uniform in the central gauge-section, but that strain concentrations existed around the tapered thickness zone. These regions of strain concentration resulted in interlaminar failure and delamination of the laminate propagating into the specimen arms.

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Which Rust Deposition Model Should Be Used in Predicting Concrete Cover Cracking due to Reinforcement Corrosion?

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1000 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 468-471 ◽

pp. 1000-1004 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roger Zou ◽

Frank Collins

Keyword(s):

Predictive Model ◽

Concrete Cover ◽

Zone Model ◽

Reinforcement Corrosion ◽

Rust Layer ◽

Rc Structures ◽

Cover Cracking ◽

Porous Zone ◽

Walled Cylinder ◽

Concrete Interface

The critical amount of corroded steel that causes concrete cover cracking can be readily calculated based on thick-walled cylinder theory. However, the results may vary significantly depending on how the rust deposition is considered. There are several rust deposition hypothesis proposed in the literature for modelling concrete cover cracking of RC structures due to reinforcement corrosion. Among them, three are considered representative ones and have been widely cited in the literature. They are: (i) assumes a certain amount of rust product carried away from the rust layer and deposited within the open cracks proposed by Pantazopoulou and Papoulia; (ii) assumes all of the rust products build up around the bar and all of them are responsible for the expansive pressure proposed by Bazant; (iii) assumes certain amount of rust products deposited into a porous zone around the bar/concrete interface proposed by Liu and Weyers. In this paper, all three rust deposition hypotheses were examined for the critical amount of corrosion to induce cover cracking. When compared to the test data available from the literature, it showed that the porous zone model proposed by Liu and Weyers gives the best predictions. Thus it may be concluded that assuming a porous zone around the steel/concrete interface would be reasonable and may be adopted in developing concrete cover cracking predictive model.

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Corrosion effects on seismic capacity of reinforced concrete structures

Corrosion Reviews ◽

10.1515/corrrev-2018-0044 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 45-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Antonio Bossio ◽

Francesco Fabbrocino ◽

Tullio Monetta ◽

Gian Piero Lignola ◽

Andrea Prota ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Service Life ◽

Seismic Behavior ◽

Concrete Cover ◽

Residual Service Life ◽

Seismic Capacity ◽

Rc Structures ◽

Behavior Simulation ◽

Cover Cracking ◽

Rc Structure

AbstractRecently, corrosion prevention and monitoring of reinforced concrete (RC) structures became an important issue for seismic assessment of such kind of structures. Therefore, it is important to develop adequate models to represent material degradation into seismic behavior simulation of RC structures. Because of its effects, corrosion represents the most important form of degradation for materials and structures, both for wide diffusion and the amount of danger it presents. To understand the corrosion process is critical in order to design RC structures that are able to guarantee the required service life and in order to understand the residual service life and strength of an existing structure. The seismic behavior of a corroded framed RC structure is analyzed by means of push-over analyses, which allow understanding the development of the global behavior of the structure. Three different degrees of corrosion penetration were simulated, by means of the reduction of bars and stirrups’ diameters and concrete cover cracking and spalling, and three different configurations of corrosion, depending on the number of corroded frames and sides of the structural elements.

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