The Thermochemotherapy Effect of Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Combined with As2O3 on GLC-82 Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 594-600
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Xin Xin Hou ◽  
Mei Lin ◽  
Hai Yan Ni ◽  
Chen Yan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticle ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

AIM: To study the preparation and characterization of the Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 (MZF) magnetic nanoparticles and the antitumor function of MZF nanomagnetic fluid hyperthermia (NMFH) combined with As2O3 on GLC-82 cells.METHODS: The MZF magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by the method of chemical coprecipitation.,which were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). In vitro heating test of MZF magnetic fluid in an alternating magnetic field (AMF) was carried out. After that, we studied the therapeutic effects on cultured GLC-82 cells treated by thermochemotherapy of NMFH combined with As2O3 at various concentrations (2,5,8μM) were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry assay (FCM).RESULTS: The MZF magnetic nanoparticles were prepared successfully. Their shapes are approximately global and their diameters are about 30 nm. EDS showed MZF magnetic nanoparticle contained Mn, Zn, Fe elements. The corresponding fluid of MZF magnetic nanoparticle could rise to 40~50°C due to different concentration in a AMF and keep stable from then on. MTT assay and FCM revealed that the thermochemotherapy effect of the MZF magnetic nanoparticles combined with As2O3 can cause significantly inhibit cellular growth observed by MTT test assay and obviously induce cellular apoptosis by FCM detecting (p<0.05). The apoptotic indexes of GLC-82 cells of the pure As2O3 group,pure MZF magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia group and thermochemotherapy of NMFH combined with As2O3 group were 4.98%,16.30%,22.53%,respectively,while the apoptotic index of the negative control group was 0.56%.CONCLUSION: The MZF magnetic nanoparticles successfully were prepared through improved co-precipitation process and have good power absorption capabilities in the high frequency AMF, then they can rise to a steady temperature. MZF magnetic nanoparticles have hyperthermia effects on tumor and their antitumor effect significantly increase when combined with As2O3.

Effects of a new chlorhexidine varnish on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-579
Author(s):  
Ali Hayati ◽  
Farhud Najafi ◽  
Fahimeh Sadat Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Abstract Background Local sustained-release drug delivery systems increase the substantivity of drugs in the oral environment and subsequently enhance their therapeutic effects. This study sought to compare the effects of two commercially available varnishes and one experimental chlorhexidine (CHX) varnish on formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm. The solubility rates of the varnishes were evaluated as well. Methods Standard acrylic discs were fabricated and divided into groups based on the varnish applied to the disc surfaces, namely, V-varnish, Pascal, and experimental CHX varnish. The effects of the varnishes on S. mutans biofilm were assessed after 48 h. Bacterial growth on the discs was evaluated by colony count and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Solubility was assessed by immersing the samples in phosphate buffered saline and recording their weight changes at different times. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results In the Pascal and experimental varnish groups, the total number of bacteria did not differ from that in the negative control group. The SEM findings confirmed the aforementioned results. Solubility varied significantly among the materials. V-varnish was detached from the surfaces after 2 days. No significant weight change was noted in the experimental varnish group at 14 days, while Pascal varnish showed gradual weight loss from the 5th day to the 10th day and had a plateau thereafter. Conclusions Biofilm formation was inhibited by the Pascal and experimental varnishes but not by the V-varnish. The highest acceptable rate of solubility was observed in the Pascal samples.

scholarly journals Genotoxic and Chemopreventive Effects of Vochysia divergens Leaves (Pantanal, Brazil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Pollyanna Francielli de Oliveira ◽  
Suzana Amorim Mendes ◽  
Nathália Oliveira Acésio ◽  
Luis Claudio Kellner Filho ◽  
Leticia Pereira Pimenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Test System ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Xtt Assay ◽  
Vochysia Divergens

The medicinal plant Vochysia divergens is a colonizing tree species of the Pantanal, a unique and little explored wetland region in Brazil. This species is used in folk medicine as syrups and teas to treat respiratory infections, digestive disorders, asthma, scarring, and skin diseases. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and genotoxic potential of the ethanolic extract of Vochysia divergens leaves (VdE), as well as the influence of VdE and its major component (the flavone 3′,5-dimethoxy luteolin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside; 3′5 DL) on MMS-induced genotoxicity. The extract significantly reduced the viability of V79 cells in the colorimetric XTT assay at concentrations ≥ 39 μg/mL. A significant increase in micronucleus frequencies was observed in V79 cell cultures treated with VdE concentrations of 160 and 320 μg/mL. However, animals treated with the tested doses of VdE (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg b.w.) exhibited frequencies that did not differ significantly from those of the negative control group, indicating the absence of genotoxicity. The results also showed that VdE was effective in reducing MMS-induced genotoxicity at concentrations of 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL in the in vitro test system and at a dose of 15 mg/kg b.w. in the in vivo test system. Its major component 3′5 DL exerted no protective effect, suggesting that it is not responsible for the effect of the extract. The results of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed that VdE was able to scavenge 92.6% of free radicals. In conclusion, the results suggest that the protective effect of VdE may be related, at least in part, to the antioxidant activity of its chemical constituents.

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity Evaluation of Dental Leucite Glass-Ceramics from Local High Grade Silica Sand

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 979-984
Author(s):  
Siti Mazatul Azwa Bt Saiyed Mohd Nurddin ◽  
Malek B. Selamat
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Mutation Assay

The objective of the study was to determine the degree of biocompatibility of leucite glass-ceramics that have been produced from local high grade silica sand in terms of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity assays. In the present study, the cyctotoxicity and mutagenicity were studied using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) and Ames Reverse Mutation. In the MTT assay, a dose response cytotoxicity of leucite sample was evaluated in L929 cells. The cells were treated with the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.00, 100.00 and 200.00 mg/ml of the leucite sample for 24 hours. The cytotoxicity was determined by assessing the cell viability through the reduction of tetrazolium salts (MTT). The mutagenenicity of leucite sample was evaluated inS. typhiriumTA98. TA100, TA1535, TA1537 andE. coliWP2 in the Ames Reverse Mutation assay. Mutagenic effects were evaluated by comparing the mean number of revertant colonies of each extract concentraction with mean number of revertant colonies of the negative control. In results of MTT assay evaluated that the leucite did not show a cytotoxic effect at all concentrations under the condition of the study. Ames Reverse Mutation assay result proven that the leucite sample did not demonstrate a mutagenic effect under the condition of this study withSalmonella typhimuriumandEscherichia coli.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Teripang Pasir terhadap Hambatan Pertumbuhan Shigella Dysentriae Secara In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
FERIZAL NEGERI SAMUDRA ◽  
RETNO BUDIARTI ◽  
IRMAWATI IRMAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Diarrhea Disease

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background</strong>; In Indonesia, most diarrhea disease in 1995 to 2001 are caused by Shigella spp. Shigella spp infection can cause various symptom dan complication. Generally, the treatment by using antibiotic can cause antibiotic resistance. Sea cucumber (Holoturia scabra) is an herb that known, available, and easy to consume by society and has an antibacterial effect. Therefore, further research to study the effect of Holoturia Scabra on <em>Shigella Dysentriae</em> growth in vitro is needed.</p><p><strong>Objectives</strong>: The goal of this research is demonstrate the effect of sea cucumber (Holoturia scabra) to the growth of the <em>Shigella dysentriae</em> bacteria in vitro.</p><p><strong>Method</strong>: The method in this research is Posttest Only Control Group. There are 6 groups, 4 types of and 2 control groups. The concentration of the treatment group is 100%,50%, 25%, and, 12.5% while for positive control tests using chloramphenicol and aquadest as a negative control.</p><p><strong>Result</strong>: The result showed there is an influence on the intake of sand cucumber to the growth of the Shigella dysenteriae.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Sea cucumber (<em>Holoturia scabra</em>) inhibit the growth of <em>Shigella dysenteriae</em>.</p><p><strong>Key words</strong>: <em>Shigella dysenteriae</em>, sea cucumber (<em>Holoturia scabra</em>), antibacterial</p>

scholarly journals In vitro comparison of the cytotoxicity of different endodontic sealers; AH Plus, AdSeal, Endoseal MTA, and GuttaFlow Bioseal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Dastorani ◽  
Muhammad javad Aliee ◽  
Raheleh Halabian ◽  
Mostafa Solati ◽  
Mohammadsadegh Alemrajabi
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
Endodontic Sealers

Abstract Background: This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of four commonly used endodontic sealers namely AH Plus, AdSeal, Endoseal MTA, and GuttaFlow Bioseal against human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Methods: After culturing the HGFs, they were exposed to the respective sealers in set form and in five different weights, after sterilization. The cytotoxicity of the sealers was evaluated after 1, 3 and 7 days using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA. Results: After 24 h, all sealers showed low cytotoxicity. However, all sealers in 250 mg and 500 mg weights showed significantly higher cytotoxicity than the negative control group at 72 h, and 7 days (P<0.05) except for AdSeal in 80 mg weight (P>0.05). AH Plus was significantly more cytotoxic than other sealers at 3 and 7 days (P<0.05) while AdSeal had the closest results to the negative control group, and showed significantly higher biocompatibility than other sealers in 250 mg concentration. Conclusion: AdSeal showed the highest biocompatibility while AH Plus had the highest cytotoxicity among the tested sealers. Thus, its application may delay the healing of periapical lesions.

scholarly journals Antiproliferation Effects of Nanophytosome-Loaded Phenolic Compounds From Fruit of Juniperus Polycarpos Against Breast Cancer in Mice Model: Synthesis, Characterization and Therapeutic Effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Moeini ◽  
Ehsan Karimi ◽  
Ehsan Oskoueian
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Phenolic Fraction ◽  
Juniperus Polycarpos

Abstract Background: This research was performed to synthesize nanophytosomes-loaded high phenolic fraction (HPF) from Juniperus polycarpos fruit extract and investigate its antiproliferation effects against breast cancer in mice model. Results: The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF from Juniperus polycarpos fruit extract was synthesized. The mice trial was conducted to determine the possible toxic effects of the synthesized nanophytosomes. The anticancer, pro-apoptotic, and antioxidative activities of the nanophytosomes were determined. The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF had a spherical structure with a size of 176 nm and a polydispersity index coefficient of 0.24. The in-vivo study manifested that nanophytosomes-loaded HPF significantly improved weight gain and food intake compared to the negative control group (p<0.05). The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF significantly enhanced the expression of bax (3.4-fold) and caspase-3 (2.7-fold) genes but reduced bcl2 (3.6-fold) gene expression in tumor cells. The average tumor size was significantly decreased in mice treated with nanophytosomes-loaded HPF (p<0.05). The expression of GPX (2.3-fold) and SOD (2.7-fold) antioxidants in the liver of mice supplemented with nanophytosomes-loaded HPF was significantly developed compared to the negative control (p<0.05). The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF did not show toxicity on normal cells. Conclusion: Our results indicated that nanophytosomes-loaded HPF might be a potential anticancer agent for the breast cancer treatment.

Fluoride formed on enamel by fluoride varnish or gel application: A randomized controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Antonio Dall Agnol ◽  
Carla Battiston ◽  
Livia Maria Andalo Tenuta ◽  
Jaime Aparecido Cury
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fluoride Varnish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Biofilm Fluid

Although fluoride varnish (FV) and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF-gel) are considered clinically effective to reduce caries, in vitro studies have shown that FV reacts slowly with enamel because most NaF present in the formulation is not solubilized in the FV. Therefore, we conducted a clinical study to evaluate if the time that FV remains on dental surfaces could overcome its slower chemical reactivity when compared with APF-gel. Sixty-eight volunteers were randomly allocated into four groups: Negative control (Control, no treatment), APF -gel application (1.23% F applied for 4 min), and FV application (Duraphat®, 2.26 % F) for 4 h (FV-4h) or 24 h (FV-24h). To evaluate fluoride formed and retained on enamel, acid biopsies were made on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary central incisors before, at the end of the application of fluoride products (immediately after gel application, or after 4 or 24 h of varnish application) and after 7 and 28 days. Fluoride concentration in dental biofilm was also analyzed before and up to 28 days after initial application. The data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA, considering treatment and time as factors. The APF-gel and FV-24h groups formed greater fluoride concentration on enamel than the FV-4h and the control group at the end of application (p=0.0001), with no difference from each other (p=0.99). The groups did not differ regarding fluoride in biofilm, fluid (p=0.73) and solids (0.40). In conclusion, fluoride varnish needs to remain in contact with the teeth for prolonged times (>4 h) to reach the same reactivity obtained by a 4-min application of APF-gel.

281 EMBRYOTOXICITY ANALYSIS OF NANOCAPSULES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN RELEASING FSH ON THE IN VITRO MATURATION OF BOVINE OOCYTES

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
T. G. B. Rodrigues ◽  
E. M. Pioltine ◽  
E. M. Razza ◽  
M. F. G. Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Isopropyl Myristate ◽  
Grape Seed Oil

Liposomes and nanocapsules (NC) are nanotechnologies that allow for controlled drug-release systems, providing slow release of the incorporated or adsorbed substance in the lipid or polymeric particle. Therefore, slow-release FSH-loaded nanocapsules could be an innovative tool for the improvement of production systems. We aimed to evaluate the embryotoxicity of the NC (the vehicle without any incorporation) and analyse the effectiveness of FSH release through the addition of NC to in vitro maturation (IVM). Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC, grades I and II) from follicles ranging 3 to 8 mm were obtained from bovine ovaries from abattoir. Ten to 20 COC were washed in TCM199 hepes medium droplets and, subsequently, in droplets through the specific group to which they were allocated. In experiment 1 (E1), 6 groups (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6; 5 replicates, n = 76 oocytes/group) were defined: G1 = negative control [1 mL of TCM199 bicarbonate, 5 μL of amikacin (16.67 μg μL–1), 2 μL of pyruvate (0.011 g mL–1)], G2 = experimental control [5 mL of TCM199 bicarbonate, 0.030 g of BSA, 5 μL of FSH (0.1 mg mL–1), 25 μL of amikacin (16.67 mg μL–1), 10 μL of pyruvate (0.011 g mL–1)], G3 = laboratory control [0.9 mL of G2, 100 mL of FCS, 10 μL of LH (50 μg mL–1), and 1 μL of oestradiol] and groups G4, G5, and G6 contained 0.9 mL of G2 plus different concentrations of empty NC: 10% (~0.1 g), 1%, and 0.1% vol/vol, respectively. In the second experiment (E2), we used the same groups, but now groups G4 to G6 were supplemented with FSH derived from NC loaded with FSH (5 replicates, n = 98 oocytes/group). The NC was produced by the coacervation method containing grape seed oil, propylene glycol, isopropyl myristate, and Tween 20 in mixture to the aqueous phase with atelocollagen and xanthan gum. The NC were submitted to sonication and produced without any active compounds for the E1 and incorporated with FSH (10 μg mL–1) for E2. There was a clear morphological difference (expansion) in cumulus cells after IVM (method according to Ali and Sirard 2002 Biol. Reprod. 66, 901–905). Data were analysed with ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey-Kramer. There was no expansion in G1, but cumulus in G2 and G3 expanded as expected (for both experiments). In both E1 and E2 there was partial expansion in G4 while G5 showed full expansion, similar to G2 and G3. Expansion of G6 was fair in E1, but in E2 the G6 expansion was similar to G1 (not expanded). In E1, cleavage (D3) rates of the highest tested concentration of NC [G4 (36.6%)] was different from G2 (72.1%), G3 (68.7%), G5 (59.3%), and G6 (69.5%; P < 0.001). Also in E2, cleavage rates of G4 (28.5%) differed from G2 (61.8%), G3 (77.2%), and G5 (64.9%). The blastocyst production did not differ between groups in E1 (P > 0.1). In E2, the group with the highest concentration of NC tested [G4 (9.5%)] and the control group [G2 (19.5%)] had different blastocyst rates (P < 0.05). Our results suggest a potential toxic effect for the pre-implantation embryo after using NC on the IVM of bovine oocytes.Authors acknowledge funding from grants #12/50533-2, #13/05083-1, #12/24423-5, #13/07730-4, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOURSOP LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST GROWTH OF AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS ATCC® 6514™ IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Ameta Primasari ◽  
Minasari Nasution ◽  
Nurul Hidayati Arbi ◽  
Dini Permata Sari ◽  
Mohammad Basyuni
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) antibacterial power of soursop leaf extract on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) ATCC® 6514™ growth.Methods: This study was experimental laboratory with post-test only control group design and consists of 8 treatment groups that were soursop leaf extract group with concentration 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.5625% as well as negative control groups were brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) media and chlorhexidine as positive controls. Each treatment was done 3 repetitions. Testing the effectiveness of soursop leaf extract using dilution methods on BHIB and subculture media on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The number of Aa ATCC® 6514 ™ colonies was calculated manually using the total plate count method on the MHA media. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test (p<0.05) followed by least significance different (LSD) test to see the significant mean difference between treatment groups.Results: Concentration of MIC from soursop leaf extract on Aa ATCC® 6514™ growth was 1.5625% and MBC was 6.25%. LSD assay results showed significant difference effect (p<0.05) Aa ATCC® 6514™ from each treatment group.Conclusion: Soursop leaf extract has antibacterial effectivity against Aa ATCC® 6514 ™.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Curcuma longa (turmeric), Curcuma zedoaria (zedoary), and Allium sativum (garlic) Nanoparticle Extract on Chicken with Chronic Respiratory Disease Complex: In Vivo Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01054
Author(s):  
Ekowati Handharyani ◽  
Lina N. Sutardi ◽  
Aulia A. Mustika ◽  
Andriani Andriani ◽  
Sri Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group

Previous in vitro studies showed that nanoparticle extract of turmeric, zedoary, and garlic exhibit antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma gallisepticum (M. gallisepticum) which causes chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in chicken. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles of Curcuma longa, Curcuma zedoaria, and Allium sativum extract to CRD infected chicken. In vivo test of antibacterial activity of turmeric, zedoary, and garlic nanoparticle in combination was conducted on chicken infected by M. gallisepticum and Escherichia coli (E.coli). Antibiotic control used was enrofloxacin. As many as 75 chickens were divided into 5 groups containing 15 chickens each. Group one consisted of healthy chickens (positive control); group two consisted of chickens that have been inoculated by bacteria (negative control); group three (treatment) were chickens inoculated by bacterium and given extract nanoparticle combination on day 7 of infection for 7 days; group four (prevention) were chickens inoculated by bacterium and given combination of extract nanoparticles on day 5 before infection for 14 days; group five were chickens inoculated with bacterium and given enrofloxacin antibiotics for 7 days. In vivo research results showed increased body weight and performance indicated by improvements in clinical signs, and gross pathology changes. The combination of three extract nanoparticles showed the best activity in controlling CRD in chicken, both as preventive and curative means.

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