Topological and Kinematic Analysis of a 6-DOF Driving Simulator

2015 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Cătălin Boantă ◽  
Ciprian Lăpusan ◽  
Dan Dumitriu ◽  
Veturia Chiroiu ◽  
Cornel Brişan
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Professional Drivers ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Virtual Modeling ◽  
Topological Synthesis

Driving simulators represent a novel way to reproduce the movements of a vehicle with the purpose of testing different cars, to prevent dangerous situations, entertainment and also to train the professional drivers. More, they are used to render the effects of the interactions between the car and the road, as a consequence of the constrains imposed by the road: different folds, cavities. This work presents the topological synthesis, the kinematic analysis and the virtual modeling of driving simulator. The mechanical structure of the simulator is modeled in the Matlab/Simulink environment, generally used the advantages of numerical solutions.

scholarly journals Validity of Mental Workload Measures in a Driving Simulation Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Galante ◽  
Fabrizio Bracco ◽  
Carlo Chiorri ◽  
Luigi Pariota ◽  
Luigi Biggero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
On The Road

Automated in-vehicle systems and related human-machine interfaces can contribute to alleviating the workload of drivers. However, each new functionality can also introduce a new source of workload, due to the need to attend to new tasks and thus requires careful testing before being implemented in vehicles. Driving simulators have become a viable alternative to on-the-road tests, since they allow optimal experimental control and high safety. However, for each driving simulator to be a useful research tool, for each specific task an adequate correspondence must be established between the behavior in the simulator and the behavior on the road, namely, the simulator absolute and relative validity. In this study we investigated the validity of a driving-simulator-based experimental environment for research on mental workload measures by comparing behavioral and subjective measures of workload of the same large group of participants in a simulated and on-road driving task on the same route. Consistent with previous studies, mixed support was found for both types of validity, although results suggest that allowing more and/or longer familiarization sessions with the simulator may be needed to increase its validity. Simulator sickness also emerged as a critical issue for the generalizability of the results.

Visualization of Headlight Illumination for the Virtual Prototyping of Light-Based Driver–Assistance Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Berssenbrügge ◽  
Ansgar Trächtler ◽  
Christoph Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Assistance Systems ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Project Partner

Driving simulators that are capable of simulating a virtual drive at night are increasingly used for the virtual prototyping of light-based driver–assistance systems (DAS). Here, the interplay between driver and assistance system, which enhances the illumination of the road ahead of the vehicle, is investigated. For such investigations, special driving simulators are applied that not only enable a standard driving simulation but also cover the special requirements for the visualization of a driving scenery at night, the simulation of automotive headlights during a virtual drive at night, and the interface to a headlight control module (HCM) that operates the physical headlight prototypes. In this paper, we present the visualization system of the reconfigurable driving simulator from the research project TRAFFIS. We describe the special application focus on the virtual prototyping of a light-based DAS from our project partner Varroc Lighting Systems. The light-based DAS is based on a headlight prototype that combines a glare-free high-beam (GFHB) function and a predictive adaptive frontlighting system (PAFS) for glare-free driving with maximized headlight time.

scholarly journals Effects of Fog in a Brazilian Road Segment Analyzed by a Driving Simulator for Sustainable Transport: Drivers’ Visual Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9448
Author(s):  
Felipe Calsavara ◽  
Felipe Issa Kabbach Junior ◽  
Ana Paula C. Larocca
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Road Segment ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Infrastructure Design ◽  
Multiple Vehicles

Visibility is a critical factor for drivers to perceive roadway information, and fog is an inclement weather condition that directly impacts their vision, since it reduces both overall contrast and visibility of the driving scene. Visual attention has been considered a contributing factor to traffic crashes, and fog-related accidents are prone to be more severe and involve multiple vehicles. The literature lacks studies on the influence of fog on drivers’ visual performance and environment’s infrastructure design. This article investigates the effects of fog on drivers’ performance in a Brazilian curved road segment through a driving simulator experiment – more precisely, whether the presence of fog (foggy scenario) or its absence (clear scenario) significantly affects the visual profile. In the foggy scenario, the results showed the tracked area was concentrated in a smaller region, despite an increase in the number of fixations compared with the clear scenario. The fixation duration did not change between the scenarios and the pupil dilation was shorter in the foggy one. The study shows the influence of environmental conditions on the driver’s performance and is one of the first on the use of driving simulators with realistic representations of the road infrastructure and its surrounding for the understanding of driving under fog in the Brazilian scenario. Besides roadway geometry elements, driving simulator studies enable analyses of features related to the interaction between route environment and driver’s answer, and can improve safety in places with visibility problems caused by fog, reducing their environmental impact and preserving drivers’ lives.

Research on Fidelity of Driving Simulators

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 1880-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Xin Li ◽  
Yan Ding Wei ◽  
Xiao Jun Zhou ◽  
Chun Yu Wei ◽  
Ming Xiang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Body Dynamics ◽  
Wheel Torque ◽  
Multi Body

Through analyzing the specialty and limitation of the current driving simulators, the main factors affecting fidelity of driving simulators are summarized. Then, a new driving simulator of high fidelity based on the multi-body dynamics is proposed, with focus on the dynamics modeling and the road feel. Furthermore, a control algorithm of the road feel is designed and by the means of co-simulations in MATLAB/Simulink and ADAMS environment, the measuring steering wheel torque proves the control algorithm of road feel is reasonable. The control algorithm has been put into practice and got satisfactory results.

scholarly journals Design and development of driving simulator scenarios for road validation studies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Fco. Dols Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Validation Studies ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Consulting Firms ◽  
Institute Of Design

In recent years, the number of road-based studies using driving simulators is growing significantly. This allows evaluating controlled situations that otherwise would require disproportionate observations in time and/or cost. The Institute of Design and Manufacturing (IDF) of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) has developed, in collaboration with the Engineering Research Group Highway (GIIC) of the UPV, a low cost simulator that allows rapid implementation and effectively a new methodology for validation studies of different roads through the implementation in the simulator scenarios of existing roads. This methodology allows the development of new scenarios based on the analysis of a layers-file system. Each layer includes different information from the road, such as mapping, geometry, signaling, aerial photos, etc. The creation of the simulated scenario is very fast based on the geometric design software, making it easier to consulting firms using the system that can evaluate and audit a particular route, obtaining reliable conclusions at minimal cost, even if the road is not actually built. This paper describes the basic structure of the layers generated for developing scenarios and guidelines for the implementation thereof. Finally the application of this methodology to a case of success will be described.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4088

Visualization of Headlight Illumination for the Virtual Prototyping of Light-Based Driver Assistance Systems

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Berssenbrügge ◽  
Ansgar Trächtler ◽  
Christoph Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Assistance System ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Assistance Systems ◽  
Lighting Systems

Driving simulators that are capable of a simulation of a virtual drive at night are increasingly used for the virtual prototyping of light-based driver assistance systems. Here, the interplay between driver and assistance system, which enhances the illumination of the road ahead of the vehicle, is investigated. For such investigations, special driving simulators are applied that enable not only a standard driving simulation but also cover the special requirements for the visualization of a driving scenery at night, the simulation of automotive headlights during a virtual drive at night, and the interface to a headlight control module (HCM) that operates the physical headlight prototypes. In this paper, we present the visualization system of the reconfigurable driving simulator from the research project TRAFFIS. We describe the special application focus on the virtual prototyping of a light-based driver assistance system from our project partner Varroc Lighting Systems. The light-based DAS bases on a headlight prototype that combines a glare-free high beam (GFHB) function and a predictive adaptive frontlighting system (PAFS) for glare-free driving with maximized headlight time.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Kinect-Based and Oculus-Based Gaze Region Estimation Methods in a Driving Simulator

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
David González-Ortega ◽  
Francisco Javier Díaz-Pernas ◽  
Mario Martínez-Zarzuela ◽  
Míriam Antón-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Gaze Estimation ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Oculus Rift ◽  
Gaze Patterns ◽  
And Performance

Driver’s gaze information can be crucial in driving research because of its relation to driver attention. Particularly, the inclusion of gaze data in driving simulators broadens the scope of research studies as they can relate drivers’ gaze patterns to their features and performance. In this paper, we present two gaze region estimation modules integrated in a driving simulator. One uses the 3D Kinect device and another uses the virtual reality Oculus Rift device. The modules are able to detect the region, out of seven in which the driving scene was divided, where a driver is gazing at in every route processed frame. Four methods were implemented and compared for gaze estimation, which learn the relation between gaze displacement and head movement. Two are simpler and based on points that try to capture this relation and two are based on classifiers such as MLP and SVM. Experiments were carried out with 12 users that drove on the same scenario twice, each one with a different visualization display, first with a big screen and later with Oculus Rift. On the whole, Oculus Rift outperformed Kinect as the best hardware for gaze estimation. The Oculus-based gaze region estimation method with the highest performance achieved an accuracy of 97.94%. The information provided by the Oculus Rift module enriches the driving simulator data and makes it possible a multimodal driving performance analysis apart from the immersion and realism obtained with the virtual reality experience provided by Oculus.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Experimental Variables for Sustainable Virtual Road Safety Audits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5899
Author(s):  
Yeonsoo Jun ◽  
Juneyoung Park ◽  
Chunho Yeom
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Net Promoter ◽  
Road Safety Audits ◽  
Road Marking

This paper evaluates experimental variables for virtual road safety audits (VRSAs) through practical experiments to promote sustainable road safety. VRSAs perform road safety audits using driving simulators (DSs), and all objects in the road environment cannot be experimental variables because of realistic constraints. Therefore, the study evaluates the likelihood of recommendation of VRSA experimental variables by comparing DSs experiments and field reviews to secure sustainable road safety conditions. The net promoter score results evaluated “Tunnel”, “Bridge”, “Underpass”, “Footbridge”, “Traffic island”, “Sign”, “Lane”, “Road marking”, “Traffic light”, “Median barrier”, “Road furniture”, and “Traffic condition” as recommended variables. On the contrary, the “Road pavement”, “Drainage”, “Lighting”, “Vehicle”, “Pedestrian”, “Bicycle”, “Accident”, and “Hazard event” variables were not recommended. The study can be used for decision making in VRSA scenario development as an initial effort to evaluate its experimental variables.

scholarly journals Development of Driving Simulation Scenarios Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Road Safety Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2039
Author(s):  
Juan F. Dols ◽  
Jaime Molina ◽  
F. Javier Camacho-Torregrosa ◽  
David Llopis-Castelló ◽  
Alfredo García
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Building Information

The analysis of road safety is critical in road design. Complying to guidelines is not enough to ensure the highest safety levels, so many of them encourage designers to virtually recreate and test their roads, benefitting from the evolution of driving simulators in recent years. However, an accurate recreation of the road and its environment represents a real bottleneck in the process. A very important limitation lies in the diversity of input data, from different sources and requiring specific adaptations for every single simulator. This paper aims at showing a framework for recreating faster virtual scenarios by using an Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)-based file. This methodology was compared to two other conventional methods for developing driving scenarios. The main outcome of this study has demonstrated that with a data exchange file in IFC format, virtual scenarios can be faster designed to carry out safety audits with driving simulators. As a result, the editing, programming, and processing times were substantially reduced using the proposed IFC exchange file format through a BIM (Building Information Modeling) model. This methodology facilitates cost-savings, execution, and optimization resources in road safety analysis.

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