Thermal Performance on Portable Mini Solar Pond Using NaCl and Coal Cinder

Solar energy is being used in many ways, but the easiest to trap solar energy is solar pond. Solar Ponds absorb the solar energy and the absorbed solar energy will be taken away by a streaming fluid. A non-convective solar pond has been constructed to investigate the temperature variations of it, in the weather conditions of Pachapalayam, Coimbatore. Solar pond with a surface area of 1.7m2, a depth of 0.5m has been built-up and an inflexible surface is maintained at the bottom using a dark-colored (blackened) HDPE sheet, thermo styrene for capturing the heat in a good amount. Measurement of the temperature at depths of 0.05, 0.1. 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4 0.45, m from the base of the pond and ambient temperature were taken using washer type thermocouples. Solar radiations were taken during a period of 10 days of experimentation using a solar power meter. In this experimental work investigated the performance of solar pond with NaCl salt and coal cinder

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Evaluation of Solar Ponds and Aplication Area

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20186402002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 02002

Author(s):

Sogukpinar Haci ◽

Bozkurt Ismail ◽

Cag Serkan

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Storage Capacity ◽

Heat Storage ◽

Storage Systems ◽

Hot Water ◽

Temperature Variations ◽

Solar Ponds ◽

Salty Water ◽

Solar Pond

Solar ponds are heat storage systems where solar energy is collected and stored thermally. Solar ponds were discovered during the temperature variations in the lower regions of existing saltwater pond in the area is found to be higher than their surface. Later, it was constructed artificially and started to be used. These systems have heat storage capacity at moderate temperatures. Solar pons are used in many areas such as electricity generation, heating the environment, meeting the need of hot water, drying food and obtaining fresh water from salty water. In this study, the studies about solar ponds were summarized, the construction of solar pond was explained, and the application areas were examined.

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Solar energy contribution to the energy demand for air conditioning system in an office building under Tripoli climate conditions

Thermal Science ◽

10.2298/tsci121229124m ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (suppl.1) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed Musbah ◽

Branislav Zivkovic ◽

Franc Kosi ◽

Mohamed Abdulgalil ◽

Aleksandra Sretenovic

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Surface Area ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Slope Angle ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Office Building ◽

Energy Fraction ◽

Solar Fraction

The feasibility of solar assisted air conditioning in an office building under Tripoli weather conditions is investigated in this paper. A single-effect lithium bromide absorption cycle powered by means of flat-plate solar collectors was modeled in order to predict the potential of the solar energy share. The cooling load profile was generated by using an detailed hourly based program and Typical meteorological year for Tripoli. System performance and solar energy fraction were calculated by varying two major parameters (collector?s slope angle and collector area). The maximum solar fraction of 48% was obtained by means of 1400 m2 of collector surface area. Analysis of results showed that, besides the collector surface area, the main factors affecting the solar fraction were the local weather conditions (intensity of incident solar radiation) and the time of day when the plant was operated.

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The Influence of Height of LCZ on the Salinity Diffusion of Solar Pond

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1521 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 448-453 ◽

pp. 1521-1524

Author(s):

Chun Juan Gao ◽

Qi Zhang ◽

Hai Hong Wu ◽

Liang Wang ◽

Xi Ping Huang

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Fresh Water ◽

Salt Water ◽

Salinity Gradient ◽

Good Method ◽

Convective Zone ◽

Solar Ponds ◽

Solar Pond ◽

Salt Gradient ◽

And Diffusion

The solar ponds with a surface of 0.3m2were filled with different concentration salt water and fresh water. The three layer’s structure of solar ponds was formed in the laboratory ponds by using the salinity redistribution. The performance and diffusion of salinity were xperimentally in the solar pond. The measurements were taken and recorded daily at various locations in the salt-gradient solar pond during a period of 30 days of experimentation. The experimental results showed that the salinity gradient layer can sustain a longer time when the lower convective zone is thicker, which is benefit to store solar energy. Therefore, properly increasing the height of LCZ is a good method to enhance the solar pond performance.

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An Optimal Air-Conditioner On-Off Control Scheme under Extremely Hot Weather Conditions

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13051021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1021 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohammed Al-Azba ◽

Zhaohui Cen ◽

Yves Remond ◽

Said Ahzi

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Online Optimization ◽

Coefficient Of Performance ◽

Control Technique ◽

Air Conditioner ◽

Outdoor Temperature ◽

Temperature Variations ◽

Wide Range ◽

Hot Weather

Being reliant on Air Conditioning (AC) throughout the majority of the year, desert countries with extremely hot weather conditions such as Qatar are facing challenges in lowering weariness cost due to AC On-Off switching while maintaining an adequate level of comfort under a wide-range of ambient temperature variations. To address these challenges, this paper investigates an optimal On-Off control strategy to improve the AC utilization process. To overcome complexities of online optimization, a Elman Neural Networks (NN)-based estimator is proposed to estimate real values of the outdoor temperature, and make off-line optimization available. By looking up the optimum values solved from an off-line optimization scheme, the proposed control solutions can adaptively regulate the indoor temperature regardless of outdoor temperature variations. In addition, a cost function of multiple objectives, which consider both Coefficient of Performance (COP), and AC compressor weariness due to On-Off switching, is designed for the optimization target of minimum cost. Unlike conventional On-Off control methodologies, the proposed On-Off control technique can respond adaptively to match large-range (up to 20 ∘ C) ambient temperature variations while overcoming the drawbacks of long-time online optimization due to heavy computational load. Finally, the Elman NN based outdoor temperature estimator is validated with an acceptable accuracy and various validations for AC control optimization under Qatar’s real outdoor temperature conditions, which include three hot seasons, are conducted and analyzed. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed optimal On-Off control solution.

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Review on Solar Ponds in Libya

Solar Energy and Sustainable Development ◽

10.51646/jsesd.v7i3.79 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Abdulghani M Ramadan ◽

Khairy R Agha

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Storage System ◽

Research Work ◽

Renewable Energies ◽

Low Grade ◽

Solar Ponds ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Solar Pond ◽

Economic Method ◽

And Storage

Solar and renewable energies applications got a great interest and attention in the last few decades. Problems related to CO2 emissions, air pollution, Ozone layer depletion, global warming and environment issues raise the necessity for getting a clean and safe energy. For this purpose, the Center for Solar Energy Studies (CSERS) in Libya conducted a huge research work in different applications for solar and renewable energies. One of these important activities is the Solar Gradient Solar Pond technology. It is an effective solar energy collection and storage system which presents a relatively simple and economic method of providing low grade energy with the advantage of annual storage cycle.This paper presents a general review on researches and studies on solar ponds that were conducted by CSERS research team. Tajoura’s Experimental Solar Pond (TESP) is designed as an experimental facility enabling the investigation of various aspects of pond performance. It is constructed by the Center for Solar Energy Studies, in joint cooperation with a Swiss company, with a surface area of about 830 m2, and a depth of 2.5 m, coupled with an evaporative pond of 105 m2 area and 1.5 m deep, equipped with all necessary equipments and measuring control system.The paper also shows the experience of operating MSF desalination unit coupled with TESP solar pond. Finally, other factors affecting the solar pond’s thermal stability were also discussed.

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Thermal performance of 500 m2 salinity gradient solar pond in Granada, Spain under strong weather conditions

Solar Energy ◽

10.1016/j.solener.2018.06.072 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 171 ◽

pp. 223-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Alcaraz ◽

M. Montalà ◽

C. Valderrama ◽

J.L. Cortina ◽

A. Akbarzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Performance ◽

Salinity Gradient ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Solar Pond

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Simulation Study of the Thermal Performance of MSF Desalination Unit Operating by Solar Vacuum Tube Collectors

Solar Energy and Sustainable Development ◽

10.51646/jsesd.v4i1.51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad .J.R Abdunnabi ◽

Abdulghani .M Ramadan

Keyword(s):

Thermal Performance ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Solar Thermal ◽

Small Scale ◽

Vacuum Tube ◽

Desalination Plant ◽

Solar Pond ◽

Solar Fraction ◽

Solar Thermal Collectors

The Center for Solar Energy Research and Studies (CSERS) has a good experience in operating and evaluating the thermal performance of small scale 5 m3/day Multi-Stage Flushing (MSF) desalination plant connected to solar pond according to the local weather conditions of Tajoura area. However, a new project has been suggested to run the desalination plant with vacuum tubes solar thermal collectors utilizing available technology and experience. In this study an attempt was made to make the best use of readily available components to operate the MSF desalination unit with field of solar thermal collectors. Several configurations of collectors and tank arrangements were designed and examined through the use of simulation software, TRNSYS. The study has shown that the layout-3 (two 500 litre storage tanks each of them connected to 9x5 vacuum tube collectors) gives the best performance with an annual solar fraction over 77% at load temperature of 70 °C with flow rate of 2500 lit/hr, and over 68% at load temperature of 80 °C for working condition of 8 hours daily. The study has also shown that running the desalination plant for 24 hours a day reduces the solar fraction of the solar collector field to 25%

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Performance Improvement of Shallow Solar Pond using Nanoparticles

International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering ◽

10.5383/ijtee.11.02.002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Low Cost ◽

Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽

Large Space ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Maximum Increase ◽

Solar Ponds ◽

Solar Pond ◽

Potential Source ◽

Very High

Countries are going through shortage of energy source; consequently the futures are looking for alternative source of energy. A very high potential Source of alternative source of energy is solar energy. Solar pond as one way to utilize solar energy and shallow solar pond (SSP) is one type of solar pond. Shallow solar pond can be built easily and at a comparatively low cost over large space, using and storing solar energy on a grand scale. They can’t pollute the air, and coupled with desalting units, they can be used to purify water. Shallow Solar ponds with nanoparticles give a great result. In this work two shallow solar ponds were constructed and installed side by side to study the effect of adding aluminum oxide AL2O3 nanoparticles on the performance of the ponds (one with nanoparticles , while the other one without ). It was found that the performance of the shallow solar pond in general was improved by addition of nanoparticles , with an increase in the temperature of the lower convective zone varies between 2.1oC to 11.3oC, with the maximum increase is obtained when 0.2% concentration of nanoparticles.

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