Study on Surface Processing of Non-Rotational Symmetry

2015 ◽  
Vol 1094 ◽  
pp. 348-351
Author(s):  
Er Hong Zhang ◽  
Hua Long Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Rotational Symmetry ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Microstructure Simulation ◽  
Slow Tool Servo ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Simulation Systems

This paper studies on technology of slow tool servo method and the processing of high efficiency. High precision surface NRS goal is studied for factors affecting theNRSworkability and surface machining accuracy. Including slow tool servo theory, research tools, tool path generation, surface microstructure simulation, slow tool servoNRSsurface machining and simulation systems development, installation errors and adjustment tool,Yto linear turret design,NRSsurface machining experiments.

Tool path optimal design for slow tool servo turning of complex optical surface

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Chen ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Xingsheng Wang ◽  
Muhammad Hassan ◽  
Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Interpolation Error ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Calculation Error ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Optical Surface ◽  
Toric Surface ◽  
Slow Tool Servo

In order to increase the machining accuracy of slow tool servo turning of complex optical surface, the optimal design for tool path was studied. A comprehensive tool path generation strategy was proposed to optimize the tool path for machining complex surfaces. A new algorithm was designed for tool nose radius compensation which had less calculation error. Hermite segment interpolation was analyzed based on integrated multi-axes controller, and a new interpolation method referred to as triangle rotary method was put forward and was compared with the area method and three-point method. The machining simulation indicated that the triangle rotary method was significant in error reduction. The interpolation error of toric surface was reduced to 0.0015 µm from 0.06 µm and sinusoidal array surface’s interpolation error decreases to 0.37 µm from 1.5 µm. Finally, a toric surface was machined using optimum tool path generation method to evaluate the proposed tool path generation method.

Multi-Axis Spiral Tool Path Generation for Aviation Blade Numerical Control Machining

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 1535-1538
Author(s):  
Yan Cao ◽  
Zhi Jie Wang ◽  
Yu Bai
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Numerical Control Machining ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Spiral Tool Path ◽  
Low Efficiency

Aiming at the low machining accuracy, low efficiency, cumbersome programming process, strong empirism and great programming difficulty of special shape blades, a new NC spiral milling method of high-quality and high-efficiency is put forward to process aviation blades. Three methods of constructing spiral tool path are studied, i.e., constructing the spiral using interpolation in parametric domain, constructing the spiral based on a driving surface and projection technology, and segmentally constructing the spiral by plane intersection. By comparison and analysis, their advantages and disadvantages are presented. According to the characteristics of spiral milling, the principles and algorithms of interference-free cutter location calculation for space free-form curved surface are introduced and the focus is put on cutter contact point calculation algorithms.

scholarly journals Ultra-Precision Single-Point Diamond Turning of a Complex Sinusoidal Mesh Surface Using Machining Accuracy Active Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 343-351
Author(s):  
Peixing Ning ◽  
Ji Zhao ◽  
Shijun Ji ◽  
Jingjin Li ◽  
Handa Dai
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Machining Error ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Mesh Surface ◽  
Slow Tool Servo ◽  
Radius Compensation

Single-point diamond turning (SPDT) assisted with slow tool servo (STS) is the most commonly utilized technique in the fabrication of optical modules. However, the tool path significantly affects the quality of the machined surface. In order to realize the determined machining accuracy effectively, a tool path generation (TPG) method based on machining accuracy active control (MAAC) is presented. The relationship between tool path and machining error is studied. Corner radius compensation (CRC) and the calculation of chord error and residual error are detailed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified through a machining error simulation and a cutting experiment of a complex sinusoidal mesh surface fabrication.

A Machining Test to Reflect Dynamic Machining Accuracy of Five-Axis Machine Tools

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 414-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Ping Mou ◽  
Zhi Yong Song ◽  
Zhi Ping Guo ◽  
Li Min Tang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
The Real ◽  
Machining Test ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Kinematic Errors

NAS (National Aerospace Standard) 979 is the only standard well known in industry describing a five-axis machining test for measuring kinematic errors of five-axis machine tools. As it cannot reflect the tool path characteristics of typical ruled surface machining, five-axis machine tools which passed the NAS test may not have the ability to satisfy the requirement of the real industrial applications. To fill this gap between the NAS test and the real industrial applications, an “S” machining test is proposed in this paper. The case study shows that the proposed machining test is feasible and practicable.

High Efficiency Tool Path Generation for Freeform Surface Machining Based on NURBS Subdivision

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Zhu ◽  
Akimitsu Hozumi ◽  
Tomohisa Tanaka ◽  
Yoshio Saito
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Freeform Surface ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Nurbs Surface ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Freeform Surface Machining

Along with the rapid development of CAD/CAM system, the smooth surfaces are widely used in industry design. Especially NURBS surface attracts rising attentions because NURBS can describe flat surface, freeform surface and so on. Currently a lot of tool path generation patterns are proposed for milling process of freeform surface. Nevertheless there are still some problems on generating efficient tool path for freeform surface under the requested surface finish roughness. In this research, in order to resolve these problems, NURBS surface is divided into some patches and the tool path is generated on each patch. This paper proposes a surface divide method and makes a comparison between this method and undivided method. As a result, it is found that dividing the surface is helpful for the making shorter tool path and increase the machining efficiency.

Machining of Free-Form Surface Method and Implementation Research with Ball-End Cutter

2011 ◽  
Vol 697-698 ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
Ke Hua Zhang ◽  
Li Min ◽  
Dong Hui Wen
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
End Mill ◽  
Ball End Mill ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Free Form Surface ◽  
Tool Position ◽  
Five Axis

A new tool path generation method based on Z-buffer method is proposed for free-form surface machining by using ball-end cutters. Firstly, to avoid ball-end mill cutting the workpiece, we make the cutter shaft which is perpendicular to machining surface tilt angle θ, then determine the examining area and then judge there is or not a interference occurring between ball-end mill and examining area, if there is, then make a adjustment for cutter shaft. The discretized points within the examining area are efficiently read in and stored directly by the computer hardware; no extra searching and iterative methods are needed. Simulation results show that, comparing with the traditional algorithm, the tool-position calculation time is shorter, and the phenomenon of workpiece squeezed and scratched is less in this algorithm. It meets the basic needs of five axis machining accuracy. Finally we make a practical machining experiment for cutter location generated.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Form Error for Slow Tool Servo Diamond Turning of Micro Lens Arrays on the Roller Mold

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutao Liu ◽  
Zheng Qiao ◽  
Da Qu ◽  
Yangong Wu ◽  
Jiadai Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Discrete Point ◽  
Form Error ◽  
Slow Tool Servo ◽  
Optimal Cutting Parameters ◽  
Micro Lens

Slow tool servo (STS) assisted ultra-precision diamond turning is considered as a promising machining process with high accuracy and low cost to generate the large-area micro lens arrays (MLAs) on the roller mold. However, the chatter mark is obvious at the cut-in part of every machined micro lens along the cutting direction, which is a common problem for the generation of MLAs using STS. In this study, a novel forming approach based on STS is presented to fabricate MLAs on the aluminum alloy (6061) roller mold, which is a high-efficiency machining approach in comparison to a traditional method based on STS. Based on the different distribution patterns of the discrete point of micro lens, the equal-arc method and the equal-angle method are also proposed to generate the tool path. According to a kinematic analysis of the cutting axis, the chatter mark results from the overlarge instantaneous acceleration oscillations of the cutting axis during STS diamond turning process of MLAs. Cutting parameters including the number of discrete points and cutting time of every discrete point have been experimentally investigated to reduce the chatter mark. Finally, typical MLAs (20.52-μm height and 700-μm aperture) is successfully machined with the optimal cutting parameters. The results are acquired with a fine surface quality, i.e., form error of micro lenses is 0.632 μm, which validate the feasibility of the new machining method.

scholarly journals Triple parametric tool path interpolation for five-axis machining with three-dimensional cutter compensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 168781401879822
Author(s):  
Chuanjun Li ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
XueLei Wang ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Huan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Smooth Motion ◽  
Simultaneous Interpolation ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Parametric Interpolation

Parametric interpolation obtains a great success in three-axis surface machining with smooth motion, high accuracy, and high machining efficiency, but does not go well in five-axis surface machining due to lack of appropriate and efficient methods of tool path generation, interpolation, and three-dimensional cutter compensation. This article proposes a triple parametric tool path interpolation method for five-axis machining with three-dimensional cutter compensation, which proposes an appropriate triple parametric tool generation method for realizing the three-dimensional cutter compensation in five-axis parametric interpolation. A triple parametric interpolation algorithm is also proposed to realizing the simultaneous interpolation of the source data, which ensures the primitivity and maintains the accuracy. The proposed three-dimensional cutter compensation can compensate the errors caused by minor changes in cutter size, thus machining accuracy can be improved. Finally, illustrated example verifies the feasibility and applicability of the proposed methods.

Research on springback characteristic in flexible multi-points 3D stretch-bending process

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440542110284
Author(s):  
Song Gao ◽  
Tonggui He ◽  
Qihan Li ◽  
Yingli Sun ◽  
Jicai Liang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stretch Bending ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Bending Process ◽  
Bending Radius ◽  
Aluminum Profiles ◽  
Bending Sequence

The problem of springback is one of the most significant factors affecting the forming accuracy for aluminum 3D stretch-bending parts. In order to achieve high-efficiency and high-quality forming of such kind of structural components, the springback behaviors of the AA6082 aluminum profiles are investigated based on the flexible multi-points 3D stretch-bending process (3D FSB). Firstly, a finite element simulation model for the 3D FSB process was developed to analyze the forming procedure and the springback procedure. The forming experiments were carried out for the rectangle-section profile to verify the effectiveness of the simulation model. Secondly, the influence of tension on springback was studied, which include the pre-stretching and the post-stretching. Furthermore, the influences of the bending radius and bending sequence are revealed. The results show that: (1) The numerical model can be used to evaluate the effects of bending radius and process parameters on springback in the 3D FSB process effectively. (2) The pre-stretching has little effect on the horizontal springback reduction, but it plays a prominent role in reducing the springback in the vertical direction. (3) The increase of bending deformation in any direction will lead to an increase of springback in its direction and reduce the springback in the other direction. Besides, it reduces the relative error in both directions simultaneously. This research established a foundation to achieve the precise forming of the 3D stretch-bending parts with closed symmetrical cross-section.

scholarly journals Measuring the Efficiency of Football Clubs Using Data Envelopment Analysis: Empirical Evidence From Spanish Professional Football

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402198925
Author(s):  
Isidoro Guzmán-Raja ◽  
Manuela Guzmán-Raja
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Efficiency Measure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Using Data

Professional football clubs have a special characteristic not shared by other types of companies: their sport performance (on the field) is important, in addition to their financial performance (off the field). The aim of this paper is to calculate an efficiency measure using a model that combines performance (sport and economic) based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). The main factors affecting teams’ efficiency levels are investigated using cluster analysis. For a sample of Spanish football clubs, the findings indicate that clubs achieved a relatively high efficiency level for the period studied, and that the oldest teams with the most assets had the highest efficiency scores. These results could help club managers to improve the performance of their teams.

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