Effects of Concentration of Electrolyte on the Synthesis of PbO Nanostructure by Electrochemical Deposition

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 659-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Sun ◽  
Xiao Ping Zou ◽  
Jin Cheng ◽  
Xiang Min Meng ◽  
Cui Liu Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Lead Oxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we report a simple method to fabricate lead oxide nanostructure by electrochemical deposition. In our experiment, the electrolyte was lead nitrate aqueous solution containing some drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid. ITO was employed as both cathode and substrate. The controlled current that was supplied by a direct current power supply passed through the electrolyte to deposit the PbO nanostructure on the surface of ITO at room temperature. The morphology of lead oxide was affected by the concentration of electrolyte. So the impact of the electrolyte concentration on the synthesis of PbO nanostructure was discussed. The as-synthesized products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Our results indicate that different PbO nanostructure could be formatted with different electrolyte concentration at current densities in the range of 5-10mA/cm2.

Thermal and Chemical Stability of Micron Aluminum Powders Subjected to Gaseous Water

2016 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Zmanovskiy ◽  
Alexander M. Gromov ◽  
Valentina V. Smirnova ◽  
Vadim F. Petrunin ◽  
Jin Chun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aluminum Powders ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Thermal And Chemical Stability ◽  
Composition Of Products

The paper studies the impact of gaseous water on the stability of micron aluminum powders in time at room temperature using the method of gravimetric analysis. The stability was studied using methods of thermal analysis during heating up to 1200 °С in air. The composition of products was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found out that the stability of micron aluminum powders depends on partial pressure of water vapor: the increase of pressure results in decreased stability of powders. The work gives recommendations for storing micron aluminum powders.

Effect of Molybdenum and Ruthenium on the Crystallization Tendency of a New Nuclear Glass Containing High Rare-earth Concentration

2010 ◽  
Vol 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Caurant ◽  
Nolwenn Chouard ◽  
Odile Majerus ◽  
Jean-Luc Dussossoy ◽  
Aurelien Ledieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Crystallization Tendency

AbstractThe impact of Nd2O3, MoO3 and RuO2 addition on the competition between the crystallization of apatite Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 and powellite CaMoO4 phases which both may appear in High Level Waste nuclear glass (under certain specific conditions of cooling and glass composition) has been studied on a simplified composition belonging to the system SiO2-Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-B2O3. X-ray diffraction (at room temperature and high temperature) and scanning electron microscopy measurements have been performed on five glasses under two different thermal treatments. We show that RuO2 acts as a nucleating agent for apatite. Moreover, neodymium and molybdenum cations seem to be very close in the glassy network as Nd2O3 addition stops the phase separation of molybdates and inhibits the crystallization of CaMoO4. On the contrary, MoO3 seems to favor the crystallization of apatite. For several samples, the evolution of the distribution of Nd3+ cations after crystallization was followed by optical absorption spectroscopy.

The crystal structure and temperature dependence of the elpasolite Tl2LiYCl6

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew R. Onken ◽  
Didier Perrodin ◽  
Edith D. Bourret ◽  
Sven C. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Transition ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
The Impact

Tl2LiYCl6 (TLYC) is an analog to Cs2LiYCl6, which is currently an industry-standard inorganic scintillator for radiation detection with good gamma–neutron discrimination. The presence of thallium (Z = 81) instead of cesium (Z = 55) in the elpasolite structure increases the density of the compound and its stopping power for gamma rays. This work investigates the impact of the Tl atom on the elpasolite structure. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature and powder neutron diffraction with temperature control were used to characterize the crystal structure of TLYC between 296 and 725 K. The presence of Tl leads to a distortion of the cubic elpasolite structure at room temperature: a tetragonal P42 crystal structure (space group 77, a = 10.223, c = 10.338 Å) is identified for TLYC at 296 K. A structural transition to the cubic elpasolite Fm 3 m phase (space group 225) is observed at 464 K. The thermal expansion of the material for each crystal direction is well described by a linear relationship, except for the region between 400 and 464 K where the lattice parameters converge.

scholarly journals Magnetic Au-Ag-γ-Fe2O3/rGO Nanocomposites as an Efficient Catalyst for the Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyu Lei ◽  
Jingwen Ma ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Xiaobin Fan ◽  
Wenchao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Reaction Systems ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, a facile route has been developed to prepare magnetic trimetallic Au-Ag-γ-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites. The impact of the preparation method (the intensity of reductant) on the catalytic performance was investigated. The nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The prepared nanocomposites show fine catalytic activity towards the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The nanocomposites also have superparamagnetism at room temperature, which can be easily separated from the reaction systems by applying an external magnetic field.

scholarly journals Lead Based Metal Organic Frameworks(Pb-MOFs): Anion Influence, Luminescence and Gas Adsorption Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3545-3548
Author(s):  
Shamaila Iram ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Farah Kanwal ◽  
Shoomaila Latif ◽  
Zafar Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Linker

Two Lead based organic frameworks (1&2) have been synthesized using 4,6-dihydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine (H2DMP) as organic linker. Lead nitrate (1) and Lead acetate (2) salts were used to investigate their influence on morphology of resulting MOFs, adsorption capacities and luminescence behaviour. Structure and morphology of these MOFs was established on the basis of UV/Vis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 1H NMR, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction technique. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) studies revealed better N2 adsorption capacity for 1 (surface area 814 m2/g) when compared with 2 (surface area 196 m2/g). Photoluminescence behaviour of (1&2) was investigated in solid state at room temperature and has been attributed to metal-centred s�p transition.

Preparation of CuS Hollow Microsphere by a Simple Hydrothermal Method and its Catalytic Property

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Rui Wang ◽  
Wen Jiang Li ◽  
Mei Ling Pan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hollow Microsphere ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Catalytic Material ◽  
Phase Pure ◽  
Scanning Electron

A simple method was applied to fabricate phase-pure hollow CuS microspheres. The obtained product was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectra and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Further, the catalytic activity of CuS spheres was evaluated by the decolorization of Rhodamine B in the presence of hydrogen peroxide solution at room temperature. The results indicated that the product showed a good optical propertie, and the hollow sphere CuS could be an effective catalytic material.

Study on Mechanical Properties of PP Modified by β Nucleating Agent under the Low Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Jiang Zhu ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Liang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Impact

The ethylene-propylene polymer (PP) was modified by using a rare earth β-nucleating agent (WBG-II). The crystallization characteristics of PP induced by WBG-II were investigated through the wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The effect of β-nucleating agent on the mechanical property of PP under low temperature was also researched. The results confirmed that β-nucleating agent WBG-II can change the crystal structure of PP and induce the β-form crystals in the PP to develop. Moreover, under the room temperature, with the increment of WBG-II, the tensile strength, bending strength and modulus of the modified PP increase, but the impact strength and elongation at break decrease; and especially at-10 °C, this tendency is more obvious.

Microstructural Evolution and Corrosion Behavior of Carburized α-Fe Plates by Glucose

2013 ◽  
Vol 203-204 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Eleftheria Maria Pechlivani ◽  
Fani Stergioudi ◽  
Christos Vogiatzis ◽  
Stefanos Skolianos ◽  
Danuta Stróż
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aim of this paper is to obtain an experimental characterization of glucose-carburized substrates of α-Fe. The carburization process was achieved under vacuum condition using glucose as a carburizing medium. The process was carried out at several temperatures keeping the duration constant at 2h. The samples were treated at 400°C, 650°C and 900°C. The microstructure of the as produced coatings was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the formed phases were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). To investigate the corrosion properties of the carburized iron specimens, electrochemical tests were conducted. The samples were exposed to a solution of 3.5% wt. NaCl electrolyte, under quiescent conditions at room temperature and open to the air. The corroded samples were observed with use of Optical Microscopy in order to evaluate the corrosion effect on their surfaces. Carburization of iron samples at temperatures up to 650°C resulted in a shift of the polarization curves to lower current densities. Smaller corrosion rates were measured indicating higher corrosion resistance for these specimens.

Electron Microscopy of Human Gallstones

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
C. Wolpers ◽  
R. Blaschke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Crystal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Main Components

Scanning microscopy was used to study the surface of human gallstones and the surface of fractures. The specimens were obtained by operation, washed with water, dried at room temperature and shadowcasted with carbon and aluminum. Most of the specimens belong to patients from a series of X-ray follow-up study, examined during the last twenty years. So it was possible to evaluate approximately the age of these gallstones and to get information on the intensity of growing and solving.Cholesterol, a group of bile pigment substances and different salts of calcium, are the main components of human gallstones. By X-ray diffraction technique, infra-red spectroscopy and by chemical analysis it was demonstrated that all three components can be found in any gallstone. In the presence of water cholesterol crystallizes in pane-like plates of the triclinic crystal system.

Electron Microscope study of commensurate-incommensurate phase transition in BaZnGeO4

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-173
Author(s):  
Naoki Yamamoto ◽  
Makoto Kikuchi ◽  
Tooru Atake ◽  
Akihiro Hamano ◽  
Yasutoshi Saito
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Ferroelectric Materials ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Periodic Arrays ◽  
Modulation Wave Vector

BaZnGeO4 undergoes many phase transitions from I to V phase. The highest temperature phase I has a BaAl2O4 type structure with a hexagonal lattice. Recent X-ray diffraction study showed that the incommensurate (IC) lattice modulation appears along the c axis in the III and IV phases with a period of about 4c, and a commensurate (C) phase with a modulated period of 4c exists between the III and IV phases in the narrow temperature region (—58°C to —47°C on cooling), called the III' phase. The modulations in the IC phases are considered displacive type, but the detailed structures have not been studied. It is also not clear whether the modulation changes into periodic arrays of discommensurations (DC’s) near the III-III' and IV-V phase transition temperature as found in the ferroelectric materials such as Rb2ZnCl4.At room temperature (III phase) satellite reflections were seen around the fundamental reflections in a diffraction pattern (Fig.1) and they aligned along a certain direction deviated from the c* direction, which indicates that the modulation wave vector q tilts from the c* axis. The tilt angle is about 2 degree at room temperature and depends on temperature.

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