Property Study on Novel Waterflood Conformance Control Gels

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 1406-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Zhu Ye ◽  
Xing Cai Wu ◽  
Zheng Bo Wang ◽  
Hong Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Conformance Control ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Deep Profile ◽  
And Behavior

In order to improve the sweep efficiency of water flooding in matured oilfield, soft moveable gels (SMG) are developed. The new types of SMG are made of novel, expandable particulate materials. The gels are preformed, stable, size controlled, non-toxic and can reduce water permeability without affecting oil permeability significantly. In this paper, some relevant laboratory methods are carried out for the determination of their main characteristics, including the displacement mechanism, the physio-chemical properties, moblility in porous media and the adjustment of permeability. Furthermore, the properties in bottles and behavior in porous media have also been investigated. The results shows that: 1)the swelling times of SMG are approximately 10, 2)SMG can remarkably improve the efficiency of water flooding, 3)remaining oil startup in low permeability formation, multistage fluid diverting and deep profile control are the main oil displacement mechanisms, 4）the new promising gel system of SMG have extensive application prospects in deep water shutoff and conformance control.

scholarly journals Mining the Information for Structure Based Drug Designing by Relational Database Management Notion

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054
Author(s):  
R. Balajee ◽  
M. S. Dhanarajan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Structure Based Drug Design ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Drug Discovery Program ◽  
And Behavior

Structure based drug design is a technique that is used in the initial stages of a drug discovery program. The role of various computational methods in the characterization of the chemical properties and behavior of molecular systems is discussed. The field of bioinformatics has become a major part of the drug discovery pipeline playing a key role for validating drug targets. By integrating data from many inter-related yet heterogeneous resources, informatics can help in our understanding of complex biological processes and help improve drug discovery. The determination of the three dimensional properties of small molecules and macromolecular receptor structures is a core activity in the efforts towards a better understanding of structure-activity relationships.

scholarly journals Enhanced oil recovery ability of branched preformed particle gel in heterogeneous reservoirs

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Yu ◽  
Qian Sang ◽  
Mingzhe Dong
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Reservoir Heterogeneity ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽  
Preformed Particle Gel ◽  
Profile Control

Reservoir heterogeneity is the main cause of high water production and low oil recovery in oilfields. Extreme heterogeneity results in a serious fingering phenomenon of the displacing fluid in high permeability channels. To enhance total oil recovery, the selective plugging of high permeability zones and the resulting improvement of sweep efficiency of the displacing fluids in low permeability areas are important. Recently, a Branched Preformed Particle Gel (B-PPG) was developed to improve reservoir heterogeneity and enhance oil recovery. In this work, conformance control performance and Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) ability of B-PPG in heterogeneous reservoirs were systematically investigated, using heterogeneous dual sandpack flooding experiments. The results show that B-PPG can effectively plug the high permeability sandpacks and cause displacing fluid to divert to the low permeability sandpacks. The water injection profile could be significantly improved by B-PPG treatment. B-PPG exhibits good performance in profile control when the high/low permeability ratio of the heterogeneous dual sandpacks is less than 7 and the injected B-PPG slug size is between 0.25 and 1.0 PV. The oil recovery increment enhanced by B-PPG after initial water flooding increases with the increase in temperature, sandpack heterogeneity and injected B-PPG slug size, and it decreases slightly with the increase of simulated formation brine salinity. Choosing an appropriate B-PPG concentration is important for B-PPG treatments in oilfield applications. B-PPG is an efficient flow diversion agent, it can significantly increase sweep efficiency of displacing fluid in low permeability areas, which is beneficial to enhanced oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs.

scholarly journals Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Evaluation Study for Effect of Foam flooding in Heterogeneous Cores

2020 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
Shuai Hua ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Qinfeng Di
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Displacement Effect ◽  
Oil Displacement ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Foam Flooding ◽  
Heterogeneous Cores

Foam flooding demonstrated the ability to solve the viscous fingering problem of gas flooding and increase the sweep efficiency in enhancing oil recovery. It is commonly used in development of heterogeneous reservoirs. While the characteristics of fluid migration in pores and between layers were still unclear. In this paper, Dynamic change of oil and water with different foam quality was tested during foam flooding by NMR method. Oil displacement effect of water flooding and foam flooding was compared. The results showed the foam quality affected the foam stability and profile control effect. Compared with water flooding, the foam could increase the recovery rate of the low-permeability layer, and the foam system with high stability had a high sweep efficiency and a high oil displacement efficiency in the heterogeneous cores.

scholarly journals Macroscopic Profile Modification and Microscopic Displacement Mechanism of Weak Gel Flowing in Porous Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Bo Kang ◽  
Liehui Zhang ◽  
Beata Joanna Darowska ◽  
Peng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
Profile Modification ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Weak Gel ◽  
And Function

In this paper, the flowing mechanism and function on the macroscopic and microscopic scale in the porous media of a widely used weak gel of an acrylamide based polymer crosslinked with chromium(III) were studied. Innovative microscopic plane visualization model was designed for microscopic scale experiment and sand pack physical model for macroscopic scale. The microscopic displacing experiments indicate that weak gel mainly intrudes into big pores rather than small ones, which can improve the conformance horizontally and increase the sweep efficiency benefiting from fluid diversion. Additionally, due to good viscoelasticity of weak gel, the negative pressure effect was formed enhancing oil recovery flow from small pore throats. Results of macroscopic physical sand pack flow experiment indicate positive influence of weak gel on vertical conformance control. Although the high permeable layer was not completely blocked, the oil recovery improved as a result of weak gel movement by continuous water flooding. Experiments results lead to conclusion, the primary function of weak gel is oil displacement, profile modification is secondary, and its effect is temporary.

scholarly journals A Pore-Scale Investigation of Residual Oil Distributions and Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohao Guo ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Guangpu Zhu ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Hai Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Significant Difference

Water flooding is an economic method commonly used in secondary recovery, but a large quantity of crude oil is still trapped in reservoirs after water flooding. A deep understanding of the distribution of residual oil is essential for the subsequent development of water flooding. In this study, a pore-scale model is developed to study the formation process and distribution characteristics of residual oil. The Navier–Stokes equation coupled with a phase field method is employed to describe the flooding process and track the interface of fluids. The results show a significant difference in residual oil distribution at different wetting conditions. The difference is also reflected in the oil recovery and water cut curves. Much more oil is displaced in water-wet porous media than oil-wet porous media after water breakthrough. Furthermore, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mechanisms of both surfactant and polymer flooding are studied, and the effect of operation times for different EOR methods are analyzed. The surfactant flooding not only improves oil displacement efficiency, but also increases microscale sweep efficiency by reducing the entry pressure of micropores. Polymer weakens the effect of capillary force by increasing the viscous force, which leads to an improvement in sweep efficiency. The injection time of the surfactant has an important impact on the field development due to the formation of predominant pathway, but the EOR effect of polymer flooding does not have a similar correlation with the operation times. Results from this study can provide theoretical guidance for the appropriate design of EOR methods such as the application of surfactant and polymer flooding.

scholarly journals TWO-COMPONENT FLUID FRONT TRACKING IN FAULT ZONE AND DISCONTINUITY WITH PERMEABILITY HETEROGENEITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Yousef Shiri ◽  
Hossein Hassani
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Front Tracking ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Cross Bedding ◽  
Glass Micromodel

Fluid front tracking is important in two-phase/component fluid flow in porous media with different heterogeneities, especially in the improved recovery of oil. Three different flow patterns of stable, viscous fingering, and capillary fingering exist based on the fluids’ viscosity and capillary number (CA). In addition, fluid front and sweep efficiency are affected by the heterogeneity of the porous medium. In the current study, the heterogeneous porous media are: (1) normal fault zone or cross-bedding with heterogeneity in permeability, and (2) a fracture or discontinuity between two porous media consisting of two homogeneous layers with very low and high permeabilities, in which immiscible water flooding is performed for sweep efficiency and streamlines tracking purposes. By considering the experimental glass micromodel and the simulation results of discontinuity, a crack is the main fluid flow path. After the breakthrough, fluid inclines to penetrate the fine and coarse grains around the crack. Moreover, an increase in flow rate from 1 and 200 (ml/h) in both the experimental and simulation models causes a reduction in the sweep efficiency from 14% to 7.3% and 15.6% to 10% by the moment of breakthrough, respectively. In the fault zone, the sweep efficiency and the streamline of the injected fluid showed a dependency on the interface incident angle, and the layers’ permeability. The presented glass micromodel and Lattice Boltzmann Method were consistent with fluid dynamics, and both of them were suitable for a precise evaluation of sweep efficiency and visualization of preferential pathway of fluid flow through cross-bedding and discontinuity for enhanced oil recovery purposes.

scholarly journals Pore-Scale Investigation on the Plugging Behavior of Submicron-Sized Microspheres for Heterogeneous Porous Media with Higher Permeability

Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yafei Liu ◽  
Jingwen Yang ◽  
Tianjiang Wu ◽  
Yanhong Zhao ◽  
Desheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Heterogeneous Porous Media ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Migration Analysis ◽  
Core Permeability ◽  
Plugging Performance

Reservoir heterogeneity is regarded as one of the main reasons leading to low oil recovery for both conventional and unconventional reservoirs. High-permeability layers or fractures could result in ineffective water or gas injection and generate nonuniform profile. Polymer microspheres have been widely applied for the conformance control to overcome the bypass of injected fluids and improve the sweep efficiency. For the purpose of examining the plugging performance of submicron-sized microspheres in high-permeability porous media, systematic investigations were implemented incorporating macroscale blocking rate tests using core samples and pore-scale water migration analysis via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Experimental results indicate that microsphere particle size dominates the plugging performance among three studied factors and core permeability has the least influence on the plugging performance. Subsequently, microsphere flooding was conducted to investigate its oil recovery capability. Different oil recovery behaviors were observed for cores with different permeability. For cores with lower permeability, oil recovery increased stepwise with microsphere injection whereas for higher permeability cores oil recovery rapidly increased and reached a plateau. This experimental work provides a better understanding on the plugging behavior of microspheres and could be employed as a reference for screening and optimizing the microsphere flooding process for profile control in heterogeneous reservoirs.

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