Improving the Performance of Intumescent Flame Retarded Polypropylene with Nano-ZrO2

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Xin Long Wang ◽  
Liang Hu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Flame Retardance ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Synergistic Agent ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardants ◽  
Scanning Electron

Melamine polyphosphate (MPP) and pentaerythritol(PTL) were used as intumescent flame retardants to improve the flame retardance of polypropylene(PP). As a synergistic agent, nano-ZrO2 was incorporated into the composites at different proportions. The synergistic effects of nano-ZrO2 were studied by cone calorimeter tests and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), it was evident that nano-ZrO2 efficiently promoted the formation of charred layers with phosphocarbonaceous structures and enhanced the flame retardance of the composites.

scholarly journals Thermal properties of flame retardant cotton fabric grafted by dimethyl methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1472-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tie-Ling Xing ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Shi-Wei Li ◽  
Guo-Qiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Flame Retardance ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Weight Loss Rate ◽  
Polymerization Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

Thermal properties of flame retardant cotton fabric grafted by dimethyl methacryloy-loxyethyl phosphate were investigated by the atom transfer radical polymerization method. Thermal gravimetric analysis was used to explore the thermal decomposition mode of flamed retardant cotton fabric. The weight loss rate of the flamed retardant cotton was bigger than that of the control cotton fabric, and a more final residual char of flamed retardant cotton was also observed. Flammability tests were used to study the flame retardance property of the flame retardant cotton fabric. The results showed that flamed retardant cotton fabric with 16.8% of weight gain could keep good flame retardance. Scanning electron microscope pictures were applied to investigate the morphology of residual char of the flame retardant samples.

Synthesis and Characterization of Caged Phosphate Microparticles Coated with Melamine Resin Based on Composite Properties of Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 583 ◽  
pp. 236-239
Author(s):  
Xiao Min Fang ◽  
Yuan Qing Xu ◽  
Tao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Melamine Resin ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Loading Amount

In order to develop efficient “three in one” intumesent flame retardants, a novel caged bicyclic phosphate, tris(1-oxo-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphorbicyclo[2.2.2]octane methylene-4)phosphate (trimer) as the core material was encapsulated by melamine resin and etherified melamine resin as nitrogen resource respectively via in situ polymerization. The two microencapsulations were characterized by SEM, XPS and thermal gravimetric analysis. When they were used as intumesent flame retardant in epoxy they all exhibit good properties. With 20wt% loading amount the flame-retarded epoxy all can pass UL94 V-0 rating.

Thermal Degradation Behavior of Polypropylene and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer Treated with Intumescent Flame Retardants Containing Caged Bicyclic Phosphates

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Yu Xiang Ou
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardants ◽  
Acetate Copolymer ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer

Polypropylene (PP) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) were treated with intumescent flame retardants containing caged bicyclic phosphates. The behavior of thermal degradation of the flame-retarded PP and EVA were studied by TG, DSC, and the FTIR spectra of PP’s residues at different temperature were recorded. In addition, the possible thermal degradation and char formation mechanisms were analyzed and discussed.

Synergistic Effects of Nanoporous Nickel Phosphates VSB-1 on Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 863-866
Author(s):  
Chao Peng ◽  
Shi Bin Nie ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Qi Lin He ◽  
Yuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Total Heat Release ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardants ◽  
Nickel Phosphates

Nanoporous nickel phosphates (VSB-1) was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Then VSB-1 was added to the ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol system in polypropylene (PP) matrix.The synergistic effect of VSB-1 with intumescent flame retardants (IFR) was studied by cone calorimetry test. The results of cone calorimetry show that heat release rate peak (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of intumescent flame retardant PP with 2wt% VSB-1 decrease remarkably compared with that of without VSB-1. The pHRR and THR decrease respectively from 1140 to 286.0 kW/m2, and from 96.0 to 63.2 MJ/m2.

Synthesis of Novel Carbon Spheres and Study on Graphitization Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 2293-2296
Author(s):  
Ai Li Ma ◽  
Cheng Qian Li ◽  
Wu Qing Du ◽  
Jie Chang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Carbon Spheres ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cvd Method ◽  
Graphitization Degree ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, carbon spheres were synthesized by CVD method. These carbon spheres exhibit diameters of about 200 nm. Thermal gravimetric analysis indicated the good stability in high temperature of the carbon spheres. The products were treated by microwave plasma and high temperature vacuum heat treatments respectively. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope. The study indicated that the original products, with perfect morphology and low graphitization degree, were converted to crystal. The different techniques were considered for the influence on the graphitization degree.

The Utilization of Recycled Newspaper in the Production of Cellulose Microfiber

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 644-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Azuwa Mohamed ◽  
Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh ◽  
Juhana Jaafar ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Cellulose Microfibers ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Cellulose microfibers (CMF) were produced by utilizing recycled newspaper paper (RNP) as starting material. This approach is considered as green since recycling newspaper leads to the environment preservation and also cost-effective. The effect on the structural properties of cellulose produced at different stage of pretreatment were investigated by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The FTIR and SEM demonstrate that the hemicellulose and lignin was successfully removed from the structure of the CMF. XRD and TGA results revealed that the different step of pretreatment was increased the crystallinity and thermal stability of CMF increased gradually. The improvement in CMF crystallinity has improved its thermal properties which is important in the field of reinforcement material.

Synergistic Effects of Zinc Oxide on Intumescent Flame-Retarded Polypropylene Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Hu ◽  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Shang Yue Shen ◽  
Hong Chang Han ◽  
Hui Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Melamine Phosphate ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Synergistic Agent

The melamine phosphate (MP) was synthesized from melamine and phosphate acid. Zinc oxide (ZnO) was used as a synergistic agent by adding into the MP during the synthesis process. The reaction products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The properties of polypropylene (PP) composites containing intumescent flame retardant (IFR) additives of melamine phosphate and pentaerythritol (PER) were investigated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning test, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the LOI value of the composites could be enhanced obviously with suitable content of ZnO. When the ZnO content was 6 wt% in MP, the LOI value reached 34.1%, which showed 10% higher than that of the composites without ZnO.

scholarly journals Acoustic Properties of a New Composite Material Obtained from Feather Flour and Recycled Polypropylene

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Mirela Alina Constantin ◽  
Lucian Alexandru Constantin ◽  
Sebastian Aradoaei ◽  
Mihaela Aradoaei ◽  
Mihai Bratu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sustainable materials made from recycled materials are an alternative to traditional materials (synthetic ones) and present a lower environmental impact. Due to the fact that natural fibers were successfully used to produce environmentally friendly sound adsorbing materials, biocomposites made from recycled polypropylene (PPR), feathers flour (FF) with / without compatibilizers (C) were obtained and characterized from the point of view of their acoustical behavior. Obtained materials were characterized also from the morphological and compositional point of view by scanning electron microscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. All tested samples presented sound adsorption properties but the best results were obtained for the biocomposites with FF content of 10%-20%.

scholarly journals Evaluation of LDPE Degradation Under Controlled Composting

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
S. Shankar ◽  
Shikha .
Keyword(s):  
Major Change ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyethylene Films ◽  
Scanning Electron

The compost burial test was performed to determine the degradation of commercially available low-density polyethylene in natural compost for a period of six months. Biodegradability of polyethylene films in compost was monitored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-Ray, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and weight reduction analysis. After six months of compost exposure, a major change over the surface of LDPE was observed. SEM images clearly showed the exfoliation and cracks on the film leading to degradation. The other analysis also showed a change in the thermal properties and crystallinity of the LDPE films. The composting method could prove to be the reliable and ecological method of degrading plastic waste without hindering the natural ecosystem.

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