The No-Cyanide Copper Electroplating with Dipping-Plating Pretreatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 3186-3189
Author(s):  
Xue Jiao Tang ◽  
Ai Hong Guo ◽  
Jin Gang Wang ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
Bo Xiong Shen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Copper Film ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Plating Bath ◽  
Copper Electroplating ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Thin Copper Film ◽  
Electronic Potential

The acid dipping-plating pretreatment was applied on iron substrate prior to no-cyanide copper plating process. After being pretreated in dipping solution, the thin copper film formed on iron substrate which could change the cathode electronic potential and enhance the copper plating rate in the follow-up copper electroplating. As a comparation, the iron substrate was directly electroplated in another copper plating bath without dipping-plating pretreatment (DPr). The effects of temperature and electric current density on the copper plating rate were investigated in both process with DPr and process without DPr. And the mechanism was discussed.

Fabrication of Variable Capacitor by Thin Copper Film with Electroplating

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 2001-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Taeg Seo ◽  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
Jong Hyun Lee ◽  
Young Ho Bae
Keyword(s):  
Tuning Range ◽  
Actuation Voltage ◽  
Copper Film ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Variable Capacitor ◽  
Tunable Capacitors ◽  
Copper Electroplating ◽  
Thin Copper Film ◽  
Electroplated Copper

The tunable capacitors have been fabricated by copper electroplating and MEMS(Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) technology. The thickness of electroplated copper which is used for moving electrode for variable capacitor below 0.5μm for lower actuation voltage. The fabricated tunable capacitors have been tested from 0V~42V and the resulting tuning range was between 62.3% and 90.2%. Also, the error rates have been presented ± 2.7% below.

scholarly journals The effect of simplifications of a numerical mesh on the results of electromagnetic analysis of the Nuclotron-type cable

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 08004
Author(s):  
Łukasz Tomków
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electric Current Density ◽  
Electromagnetic Analysis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Single Region ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The model of a single Nuclotron-type cable is presented. The goal of this model is to assess the behaviour of the cable under different loads. Two meshes with different simplifications are applied. In the first case, the superconductor in the cable is modelled as single region. Second mesh considers individual strands of the cable. The significant differences between the distributions of the electric current density obtained with both models are observed. The magnetic field remains roughly similar.

Effect of Bath Formulation and Plating Current Density on Electrodeposited Zinc Anode’s Capacity in Zinc-Air Cell

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 484-487
Author(s):  
Raihan Othman ◽  
Farouq Ahmat ◽  
Muhd Amlie Ibrahim ◽  
Assayidatul Laila Nor Hairin ◽  
Hanafi Ani Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Total Charge ◽  
Electrolytic Bath ◽  
Plating Bath ◽  
Zinc Anode ◽  
Discharge Performance ◽  
Cell Discharge

Zinc anode is electrodeposited from a 2-M zinc chloride electrolytic bath with varying ammonium chloride supporting electrolyte concentrations (0-5 M) and plating current density (0.1 – 0.6 A cm-2). The total charge quantity supplied during electrodeposition is fixed at 150 mAh. Alkaline zinc-air cell is fabricated using the electrodeposited zinc anode and characterized according to its discharge capacity at constant load current of 20 mA. The effect of various qualities of zinc electrodeposits on the cell discharge performance is discussed. It is found that zinc electrodeposits prepared from electrolytic bath of 5-M ammonium chloride and 0.5 A cm-2 plating current density produced zinc-air cell with the highest output energy i.e. 24 mWh. We observe that the influence of plating current density is more prominent than the plating bath formulation on the zinc anode performance in the cell.

scholarly journals CHIRAL MAGNETIC EFFECT AND QCD PHASE TRANSITIONS WITH EFFECTIVE MODELS

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (25) ◽  
pp. 4335-4365 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEI-JIE FU ◽  
YU-XIN LIU ◽  
YUE-LIANG WU
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Magnetic Effect ◽  
Chiral Phase ◽  
Particle Correlations ◽  
Chiral Magnetic Effect ◽  
Total Multiplicity

We study the influence of the chiral phase transition on the chiral magnetic effect. The chiral electric current density along the magnetic field, the electric charge difference between on each side of the reaction plane, and the azimuthal charged-particle correlations as functions of the temperature during the QCD phase transitions are calculated. It is found that with the decrease of the temperature, the chiral electric current density, the electric charge difference, and the azimuthal charged-particle correlations all get a sudden suppression at the critical temperature of the chiral phase transition, because the large quark constituent mass in the chiral symmetry broken phase quite suppresses the axial anomaly and the chiral magnetic effect. We suggest that the azimuthal charged-particle correlations (including the correlators divided by the total multiplicity of produced charged particles which are used in current experiments and another kind of correlators not divided by the total multiplicity) can be employed to identify the occurrence of the QCD phase transitions in RHIC energy scan experiments.

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