Crosslinking Properties on Oxidized Cotton Cellulose and Chitosan with Low Molecular Weight

For exploiting green ecological cotton fiber products with the multifunction, a new cotton fiber crosslinked with chitosan of low molecular weight (CCCF) was prepared through the sodium periodate oxidation method. The reaction between amino groups of chitosan and aldehyde groups in the oxidized cotton cellulose occurred to obtain the CCCF in aqueous acetic acid solutions. The aldehyde group content in oxidized cotton cellulose increased markedly with the sodium periodate concentration, and the maximum weight gain of chitosan introduced on cotton fiber was 11.63% of the weight of cotton fibers. Furthermore, the crosslinking properties were respectively investigated by measurements of FT-IR and XPS spectra, the analysis indicated that the chitosan molecule was crosslinked on the surface of cotton fiber by the C=N covalent bond. This resulting CCCF is a novel ecological fiber and has more abilities of potential modification, which suggested useful information in planning applications for these modified cotton fibers.

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Imine Bond Characterization and Properties for Controlled Release Drugs of Collagen Protein Cross-Linked Cotton Fiber

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.214 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 175-176 ◽

pp. 214-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yun Hui Xu ◽

Zhao Fang Du ◽

Yu Yue Chen

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Cotton Fiber ◽

Sodium Periodate ◽

Covalent Bond ◽

Subsequent Treatment ◽

Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽

Cotton Thread ◽

Collagen Protein ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Imine Bond

For exploiting the novel multifunctional ecological cotton fibers, a new cotton fiber with the collagen protein cross-linking (CPCCF) was prepared by the limited selective oxidation of a cotton thread with sodium periodate solution and subsequent treatment with a solution of collagen protein at 40°C in aqueous acetic acid. FT-IR spectra of the CPCCF suggested that the imine covalent bond between the collagen protein and the oxidized cotton fiber was formed through a series of reaction. X-ray diffractograms analysis showed that the crystallinity of oxidized cotton fiber after collagen protein treatment increased slightly. Meanwhile, Scanning electron microscopy photographs illuminated that the modification with collagen protein occurred on the surface of cotton fiber. Kjeldahl nitrogen analysis of the CPCCF showed that the maximum percentage of collagen protein introduced into cotton fiber was 1.68% (w/w). However, the breaking strength of the cotton thread oxidized partially by sodium periodate at the concentration of less than 2.0 mg ml-1 did not decrease much. Furthermore, a model experiment for the controlled release drugs was performed using aloe anthraquinone, components of a Chinese medicine, suggested potential usefulness of the CPCCF as a carrier for the controlled release drugs.

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Preparing Process and Properties of Collagen Modified Cotton Fiber

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1415 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 1415-1419 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yun Hui Xu ◽

Zhao Fang Du

Keyword(s):

Cotton Fiber ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Ph Value ◽

Periodate Oxidation ◽

Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽

Collagen Concentration ◽

Acid Media ◽

Xps Characterization ◽

Aldehyde Groups

In order to develop cotton fabric underwear with the health care function, the cotton fiber was modified with the collagen (CMCF) using periodate oxidation method. The aldehyde groups on the glucose chains of the oxidized cotton cellulose were reacted with the amino groups of collagen to obtain the CMCF, and the oxidized cellulose was crosslinked with collagen in aqueous acetic acid media. The effects of collagen concentration, treatment time, reaction temperature, pH value of solution and periodate concentration on the amount of collagen crosslinked on cotton fiber were respectively discussed, and the optimal reaction technology was obtained. XPS characterization of the modified cotton fiber showed a characteristic peak about 400.0–405.0 eV corresponding to collagen, which indicated that the collagen was combined on the surface of cotton fiber. The mechanical properties of the collagen modified cotton fiber were improved. The resulting CMCF is a new natural ecological fiber and has the extensive application as a carrier for the controlled release of drugs.

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Characterization and Physical Properties of Chitosan Modified Bamboo Pulp Fiber Fabric

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1231 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 197-198 ◽

pp. 1231-1235 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xin Liu ◽

Yun Hui Xu ◽

Wei Wei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Sodium Periodate ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Covalent Bond ◽

Added Value ◽

Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽

Pulp Fiber ◽

Bamboo Pulp ◽

Recovery Angle ◽

Fiber Fabric

With science and standard of living progressing, functional textile become more and more popular. We reported that a new bamboo pulp fiber fabric with the chitosan modification (CMBPFF) was prepared by the selective oxidation of sodium periodate and then treatment with a solution of chitosan aqueous acetic acid. The resulting CMBPFF is a nonpolluting and eco-friendly fabric product through the method of natural raw materials and no additives, which not only increase the added value of the product but also achieve natural ecological fabrics. This research using Kjeldahl nitrogen analysis showed that the maximum percentage of chitosan crosslinked on bamboo pulp fiber fabric was 10.52% (w/w). FT-IR spectra characterization suggested that the imine covalent bond between the chitosan and the oxidized bamboo pulp cellulose was formed through a series of reaction. The breaking strength of the modified fabric remained basically unchanged when the concentration of sodium periodate was less than 2.0 mg/ml. Furthermore, the chitosan modified bamboo pulp fiber fabric had the good antibacterial property. The wrinkle recovery angle and moisture regain of the chitosan modified fabric were improved. Meanwhile, a model experiment for the controlled release the drug was investigated using cactus extracts, a component of a Chinese medicine, indicated the extensive applicability of CMBPFF as a carrier for the controlled release drugs.

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γ-Ray Irradiation Practical Conditions for Low Molecular Weight Chitosan Material Production

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-792-r5.10 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 792 ◽

Author(s):

Rangrong Yoksan ◽

Mitsuru Akashi ◽

Mikiji Miyata ◽

Siriratana Biramontri ◽

Suwabun Chirachanchai

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Solid State ◽

Primary Structure ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽

Low Molecular Weight Chitosan ◽

Backbone Structure ◽

Γ Ray ◽

Terminal Chain

ABSTRACTThe present work focuses on the γ-ray irradiation doses and conditions (dry solid state, solid state dispersing in 0.5–2 % aqueous H2O2 solution, solid state dispersing in 1% aqueous acetic acid, and 2% aqueous K2S2O8) to determine the level that the molecular weight of chitosan is lowered significantly without changing its primary structure. Molecular weight of chitosan (105-106 Dalton) is reduced approximately 50% under the γ-ray dose of 20 kGy in the dry solid state. The decrease in molecular weight is enhanced up to 80% when chitosan is suspended in 0.5–2 % aqueous H2O2 solution during γ-ray irradiation. In either condition, the backbone structure of the irradiated product is maintained with little change in the terminal chain. In the cases of (i) chitosan suspended in 2% aqueous K2S2O8 and (ii) chitosan in 1% aqueous acetic acid, chitosans lose their primary structures and physical properties.

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Molecular weight and organization of cellulose at different stages of cotton fiber development

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/0040517517753642 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 89 (5) ◽

pp. 726-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sumedha Liyanage ◽

Noureddine Abidi

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Cotton Fiber ◽

Fiber Strength ◽

Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽

Solvent System ◽

Fiber Development ◽

Cotton Fibers ◽

Continuous Change ◽

Cotton Fiber Development

There is a continuous change in cell wall composition and organization during cotton fiber development. Cotton fiber strength correlates to the molecular weight (MW) and molecular weight distribution (MWD), and organization of cellulose chains in the secondary cell wall. These parameters change drastically during fiber development. This study reports on the MW, MWD, and organization of cellulose in cotton fibers harvested from two cotton cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum L., (Texas Marker-1 and TX55) at different levels of maturity. Fiber dissolution is necessary to estimate the molecular properties of cellulose. Cellulose in mature cotton fibers is larger in MW and highly crystalline and, therefore, poorly dissolves in common solvent systems. To facilitate the dissolution, fibers were first pretreated with 23% sodium hydroxide and then dissolved in a dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride solvent system. Gel permeation chromatography of dissolved fibers indicated that cellulose in both cultivars reaches its maximum MW around 30 days post anthesis. Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy imaging in the transmission mode indicates changes in cellulose distribution in cotton fibers with fiber development. The distributions of infrared vibrations of cellulose at 897 (β-linkage of cellulose), 1161 (anti-symmetrical C-O-C stretching of cellulose), and 1429 cm−1 (CH2 scissoring of cellulose) provided information on cellulose deposition in intact cotton fibers.

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Effect of Sodium Periodate Selective Oxidation on Crystallinity of Cotton Cellulose

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1201 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 197-198 ◽

pp. 1201-1204 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yun Hui Xu ◽

Chen Huang

Keyword(s):

Sodium Periodate ◽

Periodate Oxidation ◽

Oxidation Time ◽

Cotton Cellulose ◽

Differential Scanning Calorimetric ◽

Oxidized Cellulose ◽

Cotton Thread ◽

Structure Changes ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Lower Temperature

The cotton fiber was oxidized to dialdehyde cellulose by sodium periodate oxidation reaction. The oxidized cotton samples having different oxidation level were obtained with adjusting the periodate concentration and oxidation time. The wide angle X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the crystallinity of the cotton cellulose by the slight oxidation increased, whereas the crystallinity decreased significantly with increase in the degree of oxidation of the cotton cellulose. Differential scanning calorimetric curves of the oxidized samples showed that the slightly oxidized cotton cellulose decomposed at a somewhat higher temperature than the original cotton cellulose in the endothermic decomposition stages up to 350 . However, as the periodate concentration and oxidation time were enhanced further, the endothermic decomposition peak of the oxidized cotton cellulose shifted fast to lower temperature. Furthermore, the changes in the structure and crystallinity were also reflected in the mechanical property studies of these oxidized cellulose samples. The mechanical strength of the cotton thread, which was oxidized by periodate at the concentration of 0.0–1.0 mg/ml and oxidation time for 0–3 h, was found to be almost the same as the original cotton thread, but it decreased remarkably when the oxidation conditions became stronger. These results obtained suggest information in understanding the crystalline structure changes of cellulose in periodate oxidation and planning applications of the oxidized cellulose products.

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Smart low molecular weight hydrogels with dynamic covalent skeletons

Soft Matter ◽

10.1039/c8sm01482e ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (32) ◽

pp. 6678-6683 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Panpan Sun ◽

Shujing Ren ◽

Fenglin Liu ◽

Aoli Wu ◽

Na Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Covalent Bond ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Self Healing ◽

Redox Responsive

A dynamic covalent bond based bola-type supra-gelator was facilely constructed, which could assemble into supramolecular hydrogels with redox-responsive and self-healing capabilities.

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Immbilization on cellulose in bead form after periodate oxidation and reductive alkylation

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19793411 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (11) ◽

pp. 3411-3417 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jaroslava Turková ◽

Jiří Vajčner ◽

Drahomíra Vančurová ◽

Jiří Štamberg

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Covalent Binding ◽

Periodate Oxidation ◽

Coupling Reaction ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Cellulose Derivatives ◽

Cellulose Oxidation ◽

Immobilized Trypsin ◽

The Stability ◽

Hydrolysis Of

The covalent binding of trypsin to cellulose beads after periodate oxidation was examined. The degree of cellulose derivatives solubilization is directly related to cellulose oxidation and increases with the increasing pH of the reaction mixture. The quantity of trypsin immobilized was examined as a function of pH, reaction time, and concentration of native trypsin in the reaction mixture during the coupling reaction. The catalytic activity and the stability of the preparations of immobilized trypsin during continuous hydrolysis of low-molecular-weight and high-molecular-weight substrates was assayed.

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A high-performance oil-free backing pump for electron microscopes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100107691 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 110-111

Author(s):

G.K.W. Balkau ◽

E. Bez ◽

J.L. Farrant

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Hot Spots ◽

High Performance ◽

Carbonaceous Material ◽

Contamination Rate ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Principal Source ◽

Rotary Pumps ◽

Electron Microscopes

The earliest account of the contamination of electron microscope specimens by the deposition of carbonaceous material during electron irradiation was published in 1947 by Watson who was then working in Canada. It was soon established that this carbonaceous material is formed from organic vapours, and it is now recognized that the principal source is the oil-sealed rotary pumps which provide the backing vacuum. It has been shown that the organic vapours consist of low molecular weight fragments of oil molecules which have been degraded at hot spots produced by friction between the vanes and the surfaces on which they slide. As satisfactory oil-free pumps are unavailable, it is standard electron microscope practice to reduce the partial pressure of organic vapours in the microscope in the vicinity of the specimen by using liquid-nitrogen cooled anti-contamination devices. Traps of this type are sufficient to reduce the contamination rate to about 0.1 Å per min, which is tolerable for many investigations.

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