Review of Torrefaction Reactor Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Juan Sun ◽  
Jian Chun Jiang ◽  
Shu Heng Zhao ◽  
Yi Ming Hu ◽  
Zhi Feng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Reactor Technology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Treatment Technologies

A dominant torrefaction concept has emerged out of a large variety of biomass treatment technologies. The torrefaction product, mechanism, reactor technology and supplier of torrefaction reactor are described in this paper. It can’t get the conclusion that which torrefaction technology is better, because every reactor has itself characteristics. In the future, many commercial torrefaction plants will be built.

Potential of anaerobic digestion of complex waste(water)

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zeeman ◽  
W. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Order Relation ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Reactor Technology ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Transport Complex ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Although they differ greatly in origin complex waste(water)s mainly consist of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and sometimes lignin in addition. Hydrolysis is the first and generally rate-limiting step in the process of anaerobic digestion of particulate organic substrates. Hydrolysis of particulate polymers can be described by Surface Based Kinetics, but for use in practice the empirical first order relation is advised. Unlike the hydrolysis of protein and carbohydrate, lipid hydrolysis is hardly occurring in the absence of methanogenesis. The latter is probably a physical rather than a biological process and affects the choice for either a one- or a two-step (phase) anaerobic reactor. In the chain of collection and transport, complex wastes often become complex wastewaters simply because of dilution. Dilution not only changes the reactor technology to be applied but also complicates the post-treatment and possibilities for resource recovery. Combining concentrated with diluted waste streams will almost always end up in much more complicated treatment technologies.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Impact of Emerging Engine and After-Treatment Technologies for Improved Fuel Efficiency and Emission Reduction for the Future Rail Diesel Engines

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-245
Author(s):  
Carlo Beatrice ◽  
Natale Rispoli ◽  
Gabriele Di Blasio ◽  
Athanasios G. Konstandopoulos ◽  
Eleni Papaioannou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
The Future ◽  
Treatment Technologies

scholarly journals Impact of Emerging Engine and After-Treatment Technologies for Improved Fuel Efficiency and Emission Reduction for the Future Rail Diesel Engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Beatrice ◽  
Natale Rispoli ◽  
Gabriele Di Blasio ◽  
Athanasios G. Konstandopoulos ◽  
Eleni Papaioannou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
The Future ◽  
Treatment Technologies

scholarly journals Occurrence and elimination of antibiotics in three sewage treatment plants with different treatment technologies in Urumqi and Shihezi, Xinjiang

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1474-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Liu ◽  
Jianjiang Lu ◽  
Yanbin Tong ◽  
Chao Li
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Ditch ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage System ◽  
Reactor Technology ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Fourteen antibiotics, including five quinolones (QNs), five sulfonamides (SAs), and four tetracyclines (TCs), were selected to investigate their occurrence and elimination in three sewage treatment plants (STPs) by employing different treatment technologies in Urumqi (two STPs) and Shihezi (one STP), China. The STP in Shihezi was chosen as representative to investigate the distribution of antibiotics in a sludge-sewage system. Results showed that the concentrations of most detected antibiotics ranged from tens to hundreds of nanograms per liter in influent samples and under 100 ng L−1 in effluent samples. QNs and TCs were dominant species with concentrations of 2.33 mg kg−1 to 3.34 mg kg−1 and 0.36 mg kg−1 to 0.47 mg kg−1 in sludge samples, respectively. The elimination rates of target antibiotics by various STPs ranged from 17% to 100%. The STP with anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic and membrane bio-reactor technology removed antibiotics more efficiently than those with anaerobic/anoxic/oxic and oxidation ditch technology. The elimination capacities of treatment units from the three STPs were also investigated. SAs were mainly degraded in biological treatment units; conversely, QNs and TCs were significantly eliminated in sedimentary treatment units. Ozonation effectively removed remaining antibiotics but not UV and chlorination disinfection in this study.

scholarly journals Removal of microplastics from wastewater: available techniques and way forward

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Singh ◽  
Madhanraj Kalyanasundaram ◽  
Vishal Diwan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
The Future ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Wide Scale

Abstract Microplastics are the newly emerged contaminants having presence in almost every part of the globe. Despite being small in size, microplastic particles have proved to be harmful for plants, animals, humans, and for the ecosystem in general. Water is one of the most important routes through which it transfers from one place to another. Moreover, water is also an important route for the ingestion of microplastics in human, which results in various health issues, such as cancer, mutagenic and teratogenic abnormalities, etc. Thus, microplastics in water is an emerging public health issue which needs attention and hence, it is important to get acquaintance with the removal techniques of microplastics in wastewater. Although, there are some biological, chemical/electrochemical, and physical techniques to remove microplastics, their wide scale applicability and cost-effectiveness is an issue. In this review, we have discussed the existing and upcoming treatment technologies for the removal of microplastics from wastewater and also tried to present an overview for the future approaches.

International determination of the total motion of the pole

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

Status of the Lick Proper Motion Program

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
The Future

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.

Some Structural Features of Metaphase Chromosomes of Mice and Men

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Of Mice And Men ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.

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