Fabrication and Characterization of Nanoscale Porous Copper Film

Cu-38Zn thin film (wt %) was deposited on the unheated microscope glass at the nanometer scale by DC magnetron sputtering. Subsequently, the nanocrystalline films were dealloyed in H2SO4 aqueous solution etching of zinc component, resulting in the formation of nanoscale porous copper film with average porous diameter of approximately 94 nm. The films microstructure and element composition were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results show that Cu-38Zn films are quasi-amorphous structure, porous copper film with different porous sizes is prepared by selective dissolution of zinc atoms from a nanocrystalline dual-phase film under free corrosion conditions, the grain size of the Cu-Zn films has an important effect on the dealloying process and the microstructures of the nanoscale copper films.

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Room Temperature Self-Annealing of Electroplated and Sputtered Copper Films

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-562-249 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 562 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michelle Chen ◽

Suraj Rengarajan ◽

Peter Hey ◽

Yezdi Dordi ◽

Hong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Copper Film ◽

Copper Films ◽

Organic Additives ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Electroplated Copper ◽

Effect Of Copper

ABSTRACTSelf-annealing properties of electroplated and sputtered copper films at room temperature were investigated in this study, in particular, the effect of copper film thickness, electrolyte systems used, as well as their level of organic additives for electroplating. Real-time grain growth was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Sheet resistance and X-ray diffraction measurements further confirmed the recrystallization of the electroplated copper film with time. The recrystallization of electroplated films was then compared with that of sputtered copper films.

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Room Temperature Self-Annealing of Electroplated and Sputtered Copper Films

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-564-413 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 564 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michelle Chen ◽

Suraj Rengarajan ◽

Peter Hey ◽

Yezdi Dordi ◽

Hong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Copper Film ◽

Copper Films ◽

Organic Additives ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Electroplated Copper ◽

Effect Of Copper

AbstractSelf-annealing properties of electroplated and sputtered copper films at room temperature were investigated in this study, in particular, the effect of copper film thickness, electrolyte systems used, as well as their level of organic additives for electroplating. Real-time grain growth was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Sheet resistance and X-ray diffraction measurements further confirmed the recrystallization of the electroplated copper film with time. The recrystallization of electroplated films was then compared with that of sputtered copper films.

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Preparation and Characterization of Nickel Complex [Ni(1-MeIm)6(BF4)2] in Ionic Liquid

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.1167 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 663-665 ◽

pp. 1167-1170

Author(s):

Jun Sai Sun ◽

Cun Ying Xu

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Nickel Complex ◽

Phase Method ◽

Nanometer Scale ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Sem Image ◽

Longitudinal Size ◽

Solution Phase Method

Nickel complex [Ni(1-MeIm)6(BF4)2, 1-MeIm = 1-methylimidazole] has been prepared in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim]BF4) ionic liquid by a simple solution phase method. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR) and thermal analysis. SEM image indicates that the complex is irregular platelets with an uneven thickness in nanometer scale and variable transverse and longitudinal size, from 0.6 to 4 μm.

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Textures of thin copper films

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1998.0405 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2962-2968 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

W-M. Kuschke ◽

A. Kretschmann ◽

R-M. Keller ◽

R. P. Vinci ◽

C. Kaufmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Copper Film ◽

Annealing Treatment ◽

Copper Films ◽

Deposition Method ◽

Deposition Technique ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Barrier Material ◽

X Ray ◽

Pole Figures ◽

Cap Layer

The textures of thin copper films were determined quantitatively by measuring (111) pole figures with x-ray diffraction. Measurements were performed on a variety of samples, differing in copper film thickness and deposition technique, diffusion barrier material, and the presence or absence of a cap layer. Texture changes due to an annealing treatment were also recorded and correlated with stress measurements by the wafer-curvature technique. It is found that the deposition method (PVD vs CVD) has a strong effect on texture, barrier layer effects range from negligible to significant depending on the barrier material, and the effect of a cap layer is insignificant.

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Mechanical Spectroscopy Study on Cu53.5Zr42Al4.5 Alloy

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.1233 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 312-315 ◽

pp. 1233-1237

Author(s):

Odila Florêncio ◽

Paulo Sergio Silva ◽

Fernando Henrique De Sá ◽

Paulo Wilmar Barbosa Marques ◽

Javier Andres Muñoz Chaves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Friction ◽

Amorphous Structure ◽

Nominal Composition ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Mechanical Spectroscopy ◽

Temperature Function ◽

X Ray ◽

Casting Technique ◽

Dsc Curves

This study consists of the characterization of the anelastic properties of a Bulk Metallic Glasses (BMG) by mechanical spectroscopy, which can be defined as an energy absorption technique. The equipment used was the acoustic elastometer system, the anelastic relaxation spectra were carried out with a heating rate of 1 K/min and vacuum better than 10-5 torr, in the temperature range of 300 K to 640 K. The amorphous sample studied, with nominal composition of Cu53.5Zr42Al4.5, was processed by skull push-pull casting technique in a rectangular cavity cooper mould. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curves have evidenced the amorphous structure although the X-ray diffraction (XDR) pattern has indicated a heterogeneous microstructure with amorphous matrix and some metaestable nanocrystalline phases which have not been identified yet. The dynamical elastic modulus of this alloy (between 54 GPa and 58 GPa at room temperature) and internal friction patterns as temperature function implied an increase of the crystalline phase during the measurements. This effect was confirmed with new X-ray diffraction measurements after the internal friction experiments.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Quaternary Ti-Si-C-N Film Deposited by Middle Frequency Magnetron Sputtering

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.540 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 581-582 ◽

pp. 540-543

Author(s):

Jin Long Jiang ◽

Di Chen ◽

Wei Jun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Magnetron Sputtering ◽

Elastic Recovery ◽

Amorphous Structure ◽

Columnar Structure ◽

Maximum Hardness ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Large Particles ◽

Si Wafer

Quaternary Ti-Si-C-N films were deposited Si wafer by middle frequency magnetron sputtering Ti80Si20 twin-targets in mixture atmosphere of Ar, CH4 and N2. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the films present an amorphous structure with no columnar structure. These films are quite uniform and dense without large particles. The film deposited at 10 sccm CH4 and 10 sccm N2 flow rates exhibits a maximum hardness of 18.9 GPa and high elastic recovery of 97%.

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Characterization of Archaeological European White Elm (Ulmus laevis P.) and Black Poplar (Populus nigra L.)

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11121329 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1329

Author(s):

Amir Ghavidel ◽

Reza Hosseinpourpia ◽

Holger Militz ◽

Viorica Vasilache ◽

Ion Sandu

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Amorphous Structure ◽

Sorption Behavior ◽

Vapor Sorption ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Dynamic Vapor Sorption ◽

X Ray ◽

Archaeological Wood ◽

Extensive Degradation

The present study aims at characterization of freshly-cut and archaeological European white elm and poplar. The archaeological elm sample was buried at a depth of 8–10 m inside of soil with age approximation of ~1800–2000 years old, and the archaeological poplar sample was a part of a boat in a freshwater lake or river with age estimation of ~1000–1200 years. Alteration in the chemical structure of the elm and poplar samples due to the ageing process were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Both archaeological wood (AW) samples illustrated considerably lower cellulose crystallinity than the fresh samples as determined by X-ray diffraction. The sorption behavior of AW and fresh wood (FW) samples were evaluated by means of dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) analysis. Results exhibited a higher equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and sorption hysteresis values in archaeological elm and poplar as compared with the fresh samples. Higher hydrophilicity of the AW samples than the FW ones is attributed to their higher amorphous structure. The extensive degradation of AW samples were also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs.

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Synchrotron x-ray microbeam diffraction from abalone shell

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2004.0196 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 1471-1476 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

E. DiMasi ◽

M. Sarikaya

Keyword(s):

Self Assembly ◽

Orientational Order ◽

Amorphous Structure ◽

Advanced Materials ◽

Resolution Limit ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Capillary Optics ◽

Abalone Shell

Microstructured biomaterials such as mollusk shells receive much attention at present, due to the promise that advanced materials can be designed and synthesized with biomimetic techniques that take advantage of self-assembly and aqueous, ambient processing conditions. A satisfactory understanding of this process requires characterization of the microstructure not only in the mature biomaterial, but at the growth fronts where the control over crystal morphology and orientation is enacted. In this paper, we present synchrotron microbeam x-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopy observations near the nacre–prismatic interface of red abalone shell. The relative orientations of calcite and aragonite grains exhibit some differences from the idealizations reported previously. Long calcite grains impinge the nacre–prismatic boundary at 45° angles, suggestive of nucleation on (104) planes followed by growth along the c axis. In the region within 100 μm of the boundary, calcite and aragonite crystals lose their bulk orientational order, but we found no evidence for qualitative changes in long-range order such as ideal powder texture or an amorphous structure factor. XRD rocking curves determined the mosaic of calcite crystals in the prismatic region to be no broader than the 0.3° resolution limit of the beamline’s capillary optics, comparable to what can be measured on geological calcite single crystals.

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Characterization of Glass Forming Alloy Fe43.2Co28.8B19.2Si4.8Nb4 Processed by Spray Forming and Wedge Mold Casting Techniques

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.691.23 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 691 ◽

pp. 23-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. Triveño Rios ◽

Conrado R. M. Afonso ◽

Claudemiro Bolfarini ◽

Walter José Botta Filho ◽

Claudio Shyinti Kiminami

Keyword(s):

Amorphous Structure ◽

Spray Forming ◽

Bulk Glass ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Glass Forming ◽

Glassy Alloys ◽

Mold Casting

Bulk glassy alloys based on the Fe-Co-B-Si-Nb system have already achieved high levels of mechanical strength. The present work investigated the microstructural evolution of Fe43.2Co28.8B19.2Si4.8Nb4 alloy during the spray forming and wedge mold casting processes, with emphasis on the formation of amorphous phase. The microstructure was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The region outer the spray deposit showed the formation of an amorphous structure with a thickness of ~2.5 mm, while that of the wedge-shaped sample exhibited a thickness of up to ~1.5 mm, suggesting that both processes show a promising potential for the production of bulk glass alloys.

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