Vegetation as a Material of Roof and City to Cool down the Temperature

2012 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 552-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yi Sun ◽  
Kuei Peng Lee ◽  
Tzu Ping Lin ◽  
Soen Han Lee
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Maximum Cool

A large amount of research has been published in Taiwan on the reduction of the urban temperature for different strategies. The most important strategy for reducing ambient temperature is increasing green roofs or green spaces in city. For analyzing the effect of the vegetation on the thermal environment, this paper collects temperature and humidity data from two building roofs, one park and two streets which are located within same area and tries to analyze the thermal influence of vegetation in study area. The result of this research shows that the maximum cool effect of green roof was -1.60 °C and the maximum temperature difference between park and street was -2.00 °C. Therefore, it can also provide useful data to governments for calculating the environmental benefit if they carry out a green space and green roof policy.

Green Roof as a Green Material of Building in Mitigating Heat Island Effect in Taipei City

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 368-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yi Sun ◽  
Yi Jiung Lin ◽  
Wen Pei Sung ◽  
Wen Sheng Ou ◽  
Kang Ming Lu
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Maximum Cool

A large amount of research has been published in Taiwan on the reduction of the urban temperature for different strategies. The most important strategy for reducing ambient temperature is increasing green space in city. For analyzing the effect of the vegetation on the thermal environment, this paper collects temperature data from one green roof and one normal roof which are belong to a same office building to analyze the thermal influence of vegetation. The result of this research shows that in summer the maximum cool effect of green roof was -1.60 oC and -0.26 oC in average. Therefore, it can also provide useful data to governments for calculating the environmental benefit if they carry out a green roof policy in mitigating heat island effect in the future.

The Thermal Influence of Green Roofs on Air Temperature in Taipei City

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 1933-1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Thermal Influence

During the last decade, a large amount of research has been published in Taiwan on the reduction of the urban heat island effect for different strategies. The most important strategy for reducing ambient temperature and mitigating the heat island effect is to encourage citizens to build green roofs on their buildings. For analyzing the effect of a green roof on the thermal environment, this paper collects temperature and humidity data from two building roofs that have different greening levels and tries to analyze the thermal influence of a green roof on air temperature in Taipei City. The results of this research can give citizens an idea what kind of thermal environment they can benefit from; moreover, it also can provide useful data to governments for calculating the environmental benefit if they carry out a green roof policy.

scholarly journals A study of improving thermal environment of external louver through establishment of test bed

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.3) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Sun Pil Kwon ◽  
Jae Jun Jung ◽  
Byoung Jo Jung
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Direct Solar Radiation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Solar Insolation ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference

Background/Objectives: To improve a thermal load by increasing internal thermal effect of a building from direct solar radiation through an increase of glass windows.Methods/Statistical analysis: Through the establishment of test beds of the same size, the data of temperature, humidity, solar insolation and PMV of each test bed with or without external louver are acquired to analyze thermal environmental with the simulation.Findings: For the analysis of thermal environment, the amount of energy consumption has been analyzed through the simulation and the data of temperature, humidity, solar insolation and PMV have been acquired for the analysis. With the simulation, about 20% energy saving has been confirmed and the daily averages of temperature and humidity between 8AM to 7PM have been calculated to calculate the maximum temperature difference to be 9.4℃. The solar insolation between 9AM and 7PM was 300W/m2 or below.Improvements/Applications: The improvement of thermal effect with an external louver has been confirmed. It may be applied to the louver system to improve building thermal environment, awning to control direct solar radiation, blind to improve uniformity of illumination intensity toward building during daytime, external blind and ceiling louver system. 

scholarly journals Green-Roof: The Role of Community in the Substitution of Green-Space toward Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Yuliani ◽  
Gagoek Hardiman ◽  
Erni Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Challenge

The research challenge in the problem of the sustainable development goals is to find solutions for development control through the application of green roofs in residential areas, which is the feasibility of the role of the community. This research was based on the discipline of architecture by considering the role of the community in managing architectural green-space substitution. The purpose of this study was to identify patterns of the role of the community for green roofs feasibility based on housing, conducted in some parts of Sumatra, Java, and East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire. Data were calculated based on percentages and analyzed using the chi-square method. The results indicated that the optimization of the community role was needed for the sustainability of the green-roof from all economic levels, both urban and rural. The aspect of public awareness and knowledge of the benefits of the green-roof is very high, but the object of the green-roof in Indonesia is still very limited because participation is still not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the green-roof application to the community by adapting local culture in sustainable green-roof technology innovation.

Potential of an air curtain system orientated to create non-uniform indoor thermal environment and save energy

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Shen ◽  
Xiaoliang Shao ◽  
Xianting Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Internal Heat Source ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Air Curtain ◽  
Discharge Velocity ◽  
Save Energy

Non-uniform indoor environment has shown its potential for building energy efficiency and improving indoor air quality compared with traditional uniform environment created by mixing ventilation. An air curtain was employed to create non-uniform thermal environment in this study. The performance of an optimal ventilation strategy between an air curtain and the background ventilation in a typical air-conditioned room was investigated numerically. The air curtain's effectiveness and coefficient of performance (COP) are proposed as evaluation indices for assessing the efficacy of air curtain for this usage. The numerical model was validated by experiments. The energy saving potential of an air curtain system for maintaining a thermal environment of a compartment was studied under different internal heat-source characteristics. The discharge velocity of the air curtain was optimized. The results show that the efficacy of an air curtain system to create a non-uniform thermal environment is high, where the maximum temperature difference between two sides of an air curtain could be as high as 7.4℃. Both the flow rate of the air curtain and background ventilation can be reduced to save energy. An air curtain is more efficient when the heat is concentrated mainly in the unoccupied room partition and the unoccupied zone contains external walls.

scholarly journals Modular Green Roofs for the Sustainability of the Built Environment: The Installation Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13749
Author(s):  
Natalia Sergeevna Shushunova ◽  
Elena Anatolyevna Korol ◽  
Nikolai Ivanovich Vatin
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Scheduling Theory ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Technological Model

The research object is the installation process of modular green roofs with planters placed on the concrete roof’s surface. These roofs effectively reduce rainfall disposal, prolong the lifespan of the roof coating, and enhance urban aesthetic and recreational spaces. Green roofs reduce houses’ gas emissions and increase green spaces in densely built areas. The spatial–technological model was developed for the proposed modular green roof based on network planning, scheduling theory, and graph theory. The sequence and composition of technological processes and operations were established for the installation process. The functional model of installing a modular green roof has been developed. The model makes it possible to optimise the principles of saving labour contribution (working hours) and time.

scholarly journals Outdoor Thermal Environments of Main Types of Urban Areas during Summer: A Field Study in Wuhan, China

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Kun Li ◽  
Xuefei Li ◽  
Keji Yao
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Island Effect

Under the influence of the urban heat island effect, the thermal environments of urban built-up areas are poor, leading to the loss of urban vitality and the extreme deterioration of thermal comfort. In this paper, the outdoor thermal environment in Wuhan’s main urban area is studied via the use of field measurements. From June to August in the years 2015 to 2017, 20 measurement points were selected for monitoring from 08:00 to 19:00 h, which were located in spaces such as residential areas, parklands, commercial streets, and college/university campuses. The measurements for the same types of land and different types of land use are analyzed. A comprehensive thermal environment index is used to quantitatively evaluate the overall situations of thermal environments. The results showed that the cooling effect of vegetation shading was stronger than the effect of water evaporation and the maximum temperature difference between the two cooling methods reached 6.1 °C. The cooling effect of the canopy shading of tall trees was stronger than the effect of grassland transpiration and the maximum temperature difference was 2.8 °C. The streets with higher aspect ratios might improve the ventilation, but the wind speeds remained low, which did not provide a strong cooling effect. This study helps urban planners understand the thermal environment of Wuhan or similar cities with hot summer and diversified urban areas, and puts forward suggestions to reduce the heat island effect from the aspect of building layout, green coverage, shading mode, and street aspect ratio, so as to establish sustainable cities that are climate adaptable and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Green Roof Impact on Buildings Energy in Hot Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Farah Abdulkadhum Malik ◽  
Alaa Liaq Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Flux Flow ◽  
Zone Temperature

Green roofs are a layer that effectively working on blocks of solar radiation from entering the building's structure below partially. Its work as a passive cooling technique, and have the potential to reduce the high surface temperature of conventional roofs because of the soil thermal resistance, evapotranspiration, and several effects for foliage shading. This affects the heat flux flow of the roof that in turn influences the indoor thermal conditions and the building energy demand. The research goals are to test the influence of the green roof on reducing heat transfer to the interior of heavy structural buildings. The experimental part was done to examine the effect of the green roof and compare it with a standard roof under influence of ambient air temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed and test the effect of the green roof on reducing heat transfer inside the building. The model site was at the Diwanyah city (Latitude: 31.9868 and Longitude: 44.9215), the engineering college campus, Qadisiyah University. The experimental setup includes two cubicles, with equal internal volume values (163cm * 163cm * 105cm). The experimental results showed for the period 5-8 September 2019. The maximum zone temperature was 46.4 °C for traditional roof and 37.06 °C for the green roof at 3:24 p.m. The results showed that the maximum internal temperature was 46.97 °C and 36.42 °C for the traditional roof and green roof respectively at 3 p.m. Also,  the results for period 18-21 July 2019 noted that the zone temperature decreased by 7.5 °C and the maximum temperature of the internal traditional standard roof’s surface is 45.66 °C  and 37.41 °C for the green roof.

scholarly journals Assessing Practice and Criteria for Green Roof Maintenance on High-rise Residential Building in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Shafikah Saharuddin ◽  
Natasha Khalil ◽  
Alia Abdullah Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Maintenance Practice

Urbanisation inevitably shows a positive sign in increasing the economic reputation of a country. Nevertheless, it has led to several problems including the deficit in green spaces and destruction of the natural environment, therefore green building is introduced as an alternative to overcome crucial environmental issues. Numerous approaches were also adopted to reduce other environmental issues such as urban heat island, air pollution and lack of green spaces. One of the sustainable approaches that help to minimise the environmental problems is by using the means of vegetation or plant material on rooftops or also known as the green roof. The implementation of the green roof on top of buildings is becoming a trend in the urban cities as it provides numerous benefits to the green development. The green roof is also part of criteria in green building and among the benefits, implementing green roofs will reduce heat flux, optimise energy efficiency and improve stormwater management. However, despite the benefits, enhancement on the green roof installation and maintenance consideration are two factors which are still largely unexplored as the main significant factor in the viability of the green roof installation. Hence, this paper is aimed to determine the vital criteria of maintenance and its ranking towards the establishment of best practice maintenance for the green roof, by focusing on high-rise residential. Questionnaires were distributed by email and through an online survey to 30 maintenance managers of green roof of high-rise residential in Kuala Lumpur and the samples are drawn by using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the most significant maintenance criteria of the green roof are drainage, followed by waterproofing, irrigation, water retention, and roof slab. The outcome of this study has provided a significant contribution to the current maintenance practice of green roof by prioritising the criteria of maintenance and key address of green roof, where it may help to standardise the maintenance practice of the green roof in the tropical climate of Malaysia.

scholarly journals Modeling, Monitoring, and Validating Green Roof and Green Facade Solutions with Semantic City Models Using Low Cost Sensors and Open Software Infrastructures

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Vo ◽  
Nichersu ◽  
Wendel
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Balance Principle ◽  
Green Façade ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Green Facade ◽  
City Models

The usage of greenery systems as nature-based solutions to assist in urban cooling in summer time as well as urban warming in wintertime is considered a scientific validated approach in urban planning. The objective of this research is the investigation and quantification of the role of green roofs and green facade solutions concerning thermal behavior in buildings energy savings by using standardized semantic city models that allow the quantification of such measures on district and city scales. The implemented model uses standardized geospatial data based on the CityGML format, a semantic city model standard, for analysis and data storage. For storage of the thermal properties of the buildings, the behavior of its occupants as well as the sensor measurements the Energy ADE of the CityGML standard was used. A green roof/façades model was implemented to simulate the heat transfer in a building based on the heat balance principle of foliage, soil, and structural layers. This model allows analyzing the thermal influence of plant and substrate layers on the heat gains from incoming solar radiation into buildings and the heat losses. This implementation was validated for cooling solutions using monitoring data from real-time experiments during summer measurements at three locations in Germany. Results from this experiment correspond well with the findings of other relevant studies. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the impacts of climate, substrate and plants on the greenery layer performance.

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