Improved Water-Solubility of Phytosterol by Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 922-925
Author(s):  
Xiao Yan Zhang ◽  
Yong Peng ◽  
Guo Qing He
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Phase Solubility Study ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Initial Dissolution Rate

Phytosterol has been shown to lower the serum cholesterol concentrations, but its low solubility in water restricts its application. In this study, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was used to improve the water-solubility of phytosterol. Phase solubility study pointed out the formation of 1:1 inclusion complexes between phytosterol and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. The initial dissolution rate was remarkedly improved in the first two minutes. The suitable solvent and temperature for complex formation was n-butanol and 40°C.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND INTRINSIC DISSOLUTION RATE STUDY OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED CYCLODEXTRIN INCLUSION COMPLEXES OF GEMFIBROZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
S. Ain ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
Q. Ain
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Intrinsic Dissolution ◽  
Intrinsic Dissolution Rate ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Rate Study

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to carry out characterization and intrinsic dissolution rate study of microwave assisted inclusion complex of poorly water soluble, lipid lowering agent gemfibrozil [5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid]<strong> </strong>with naturally occurring β-cyclodextrins (CDs) or cycloheptaamylase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this work, the phase solubility study was performed to find the ratio of drug and cyclodextrin complexes. Inclusion complexes were prepared by kneading and the prepared complex was subjected to microwave drying and conventional drying techniques. The prepared complexes were evaluated by intrinsic dissolution rate studies and equilibrium solubility study. Further characterization was done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffractometry (DSC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The phase solubility studies showed a linear A<sub>L</sub>-type diagram indicating the formation of inclusion complexes in 1:1 molar ratio β-CD-gemfibrozil complex with maximum stability constant of 148.88 M<sup>-1</sup>was selected for preparation of inclusion complex. The microwave dried product was identified as the inclusion complex with maximum IDR when compared to the conventional dried product.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study was concluded that the microwave drying is the most suitable of the previously occurring drying techniques. Since it showed the highest solubility and IDR value.</p>

β-Cyclodextrin as water-solubility enhancer for butylated hydroxytoluene

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Lukasiewicz ◽  
Stanislaw Kowalski ◽  
Anna Ptaszek ◽  
Pawel Ptaszek
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Phase Solubility Study ◽  
Endothermic Process

AbstractThe phenomenon of the increase in solubility of the non-polar phenolic antioxidant - butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) - in aqueous solutions containing β-cyclodextrin (CD) was studied. The complexation of BHT by CD was investigated using a phase solubility study. This method makes it possible to calculate the apparent formation constant for the host-guest complex. In addition, the thermodynamic properties were evaluated, revealing a spontaneous endothermic process of complex formation. Two solubility models were also used to verify their applicability to predicting the BHT concentration in solution. Those models included the modified Apelblat and Buchowski-Ksiazczak equations. In order to investigate the antioxidant properties of the BHT/CD/water ternary systems, a radical scavenging activity using a DPPH stable radical was performed. The experiments indicated that the antioxidant activity is temperature- and CD concentration-dependent. It was shown that complexation may inhibit the radical scavenging by BHT or change the scavenging stoichiometry.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of artemether inclusion complexes with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 2359-2364
Author(s):  
Zwanden Sule Yahaya ◽  
Kenneth C. Ofokansi ◽  
Suzane T. Allagh ◽  
Pat G. Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Inclusion Complex Formation ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Ft Ir

Purpose: To investigate experimentally the inclusion of artemether into the cavity of  hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and examine its effect on the solubility and dissolution rate of the drug.Methods: Inclusion complexes of artemether with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin of molar ratios 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 were prepared using the kneading method. Phase solubility analysis and in vitro dissolution studies were utilized in evaluating the influence of inclusion complex formation on the solubility and dissolution rate of the drug. The complexes were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The inclusion complex containing equimolar concentrations of artemether and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was then formulated into tablets via direct compression and  evaluated for various pharmaceutical characteristics including hardness, friability, absolute drug content and comparative in vitro dissolution profiles with some  commercially available brands of artemether.Results: The phase solubility diagram for the formed complexes in water at 37 oC indicated a linear curve soluble complex system (referred to as the AL system), and a stability constant (KC) value of 143 M-1. Evidence consistent with inclusion complex formation was obtained using FT-IR and DSC. The formulated inclusion complex tablets exhibited a higher rate of dissolution than the pure drug and commercial brands, showing 3.9-, 1.8- and 1.6-fold increases, respectively, over a period of 15 min.Conclusion: Inclusion complexation of artemether with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is a promising approach to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of the drug.Keywords: Artemether, 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, Dissolution, Solubility enhancement, Inclusion complex

scholarly journals The Preservation and Enantiomeric Selection of Linalool by Nanoencapsulation Using Cyclodextrins

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Tanaporn Poonphatanapricha ◽  
Sasimas Katanyutanon ◽  
Kulpavee Jitapunkul ◽  
Luckhana Lawtrakul ◽  
Pisanu Toochinda
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Beta Cyclodextrin ◽  
Phase Solubility Study ◽  
Enantiomeric Selectivity

Linalool, a volatile terpene alcohol, is responsible for a characteristic aroma in food, beverages, and cosmetics. However, linalool’s low aqueous solubility and high volatility limit the applications and shelf life of linalool-containing products. Nanoencapsulation using beta-cyclodextrin (BCD), methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MBCD) and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) was studied to improve the aqueous solubility and stability of linalool. Linalool has two enantiomers with distinct flavors and odors which affect product quality. The enantiomeric selectivity of the cyclodextrins (CDs) toward racemic linalool standard was evaluated. A computational simulation was performed to predict the conformations and interactions of the inclusion complexes. The 1:1 host-guest ratio from the computer simulation was implemented in the experimental study. Phase solubility study shows an improvement in linalool aqueous solubility after being encapsulated by CDs. The encapsulation efficiencies of linalool/BCD, linalool/MBCD, and linalool/HPBCD inclusion complexes are 66.30%, 51.38% and 32.31%, respectively. Nanoencapsulation by CDs can preserve linalool in the form of inclusion complexes compared to its free form. The amount of remaining linalool in linalool/BCD, linalool/MBCD, and linalool/HPBCD inclusion complexes are 89.57%, 87.07%, and 74.86%, respectively which are considerably larger than that of pure linalool (42.30%). CDs also show the enantiomeric selectivity toward (R)-linalool as evident from (R)-linalool percentage of 54.53% in the inclusion complex.

Studies on the Preparation, Characterization and Solubility of -Cyclodextrin-Roxythromycin Inclusion Complexes

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-530
Author(s):  
D. Nagasamy Venkatesh ◽  
S. Karthick ◽  
M. Umesh ◽  
G. Vivek ◽  
R.M. Valliappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Poorly Soluble Drug

Roxythromycin/ β-cyclodextrin (Roxy/ β-CD) dispersions were prepared with a view to study the influence of β-CD on the solubility and dissolution rate of this poorly soluble drug. Phase-solubility profile indicated that the solubility of roxythromycin was significantly increased in the presence of β-cyclodextrin and was classified as AL-type, indicating the 1:1 stoichiometric inclusion complexes. Physical characterization of the prepared systems was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction studies (XRD) and IR studies. Solid state characterization of the drug β-CD binary system using XRD, FTIR and DSC revealed distinct loss of drug crystallinity in the formulation, ostensibly accounting for enhancement of dissolution rate.

scholarly journals New Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient-Ionic Liquids (API-ILs) Derived from Indomethacin and Mebendazole

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emilia Tojo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
High Water ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
High Water Solubility

The transformation of two solid Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) into new ionic liquids (IL)s that incorporate APIs (API-ILs) is reported. The structures of the APIs (indomethacin and mebendazole) were selected by their susceptibility to being transformed into API-ILs (either to form the cation or the anion) and their limited bioavailability due to their low solubility in water. The counterions, such as those derived from 2-dimethylaminoethanol (DMEA), tetramethylguanidine (TMG), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2] (TED), <i>p</i>-toluensulfonic acid, glycolic acid, methanesulfonic acid, and saccharin, were carefully chosen, aiming for high biocompatibility, low toxicity, and high water solubility. The synthesis was carried out by direct treatment of the API with the corresponding selected acid or base. Finally, the solubility in water of all the synthesized salts was determined.

scholarly journals Enhanced Solubility, Stability, and Herbicidal Activity of the Herbicide Diuron by Complex Formation with β-Cyclodextrin

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Gao ◽  
Jing-Yu Jiang ◽  
Yan-Yan Liu ◽  
Ying Fu ◽  
Li-Xia Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Enhanced Solubility ◽  
Phase Solubility Study ◽  
Herbicide Diuron

The herbicide diuron is hardly soluble in water and most organic solvents and is usually made into a wettable powder or mixed with soil when used, which causes environmental risk and a reduction in herbicidal efficacy. In this study, the physicochemical properties were changed by using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to encapsulate diuron to form an inclusion complex. Some key technologies, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), were used to characterize the inclusion complex. The stoichiometry of the inclusion complex was determined by recording the 1H NMR spectrum or by using a diagram of inclusion ratios. A phase solubility study proved that the formed inclusion complex exhibited higher water solubility. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the formed inclusion complex exhibited better thermal stability. Biological activity studies indicated that the herbicidal activity, in terms of herbicide removal, of the formed inclusion complex was higher than that of the original diuron. In general, the formation of the inclusion complex could reduce the environmental damage caused by diuron and enhance its herbicidal activity, providing an environmentally friendly method for using diuron.

scholarly journals Characterization, in Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of Naringenin-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion for Pulmonary Delivery

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyi Guan ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Yuying Zheng ◽  
Xuan Zeng ◽  
Weiyang Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Delivery ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Phase Solubility Study

Naringenin, a flavonoid compound which exists abundantly in Citrus fruits, is proven to possess excellent antitussive and expectorant effects. However, the clinical applications of naringenin are restricted by its poor solubility and low local concentration by oral administration. The aim of the present study is to prepare a naringenin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (naringenin-HPβCD) inclusion as an inhalation solution for pulmonary delivery. The naringenin-HPβCD inclusion was characterized by phase solubility study, XRD, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), and two-dimensional rotating frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy (2D ROESY). The in vitro permeability of the inclusion was evaluated on Calu-3 cells and the pharmacokinetic profile of pulmonary delivery was investigated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Based on the linear model of phase solubility study, the relationship between naringenin and HPβCD was identified as AL type with a 1:1 stoichiometry. XRD, DSC, and NMR studies indicated that the entire naringenin molecule is encapsulated into the cavity of HPβCD. HPβCD could increase the concentration of naringenin in the epithelium-lining fluid (ELF) of Calu-3 cells and act as a sustained release system for naringenin. The pharmacokinetic profile of naringenin-HPβCD inclusion showed rapid response and higher local concentration by pulmonary delivery. In conclusion, pulmonary delivery of naringenin-HPβCD inclusion is a promising formulation strategy, which could provide a new possibility for the clinical application of naringenin.

scholarly journals Inclusion Complex of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride with Cyclodextrins

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Melita Huremovic ◽  
Majda Srabovic ◽  
Mirsada Salihovic ◽  
Ekrem Pehlic
Keyword(s):  
Bathochromic Shift ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Taste Masking ◽  
Solid Inclusion ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Phase Solubility Study ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

<p>Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFN), (±)-4-[1-hydroxy-4[4-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)-1-piperidinyl]-butyl] α,α-dimethylbenzeneacetic acid hydrochloride, is a second-generation antihistamine that is used to treat allergies. The drug is highly hydrophobic and slightly soluble in water. Cyclodextrins are widely used to improve the physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties such as solubility, stability, and bioavailability of poorly soluble drug molecules.Cyclodextrins can molecularly encapsulate various drugs into their hydrophobic cavity without forming any covalent bonds. Cyclodextrin (CDs), especially ß-Cyclodextrin (ß-CD), are widely used in the pharmaceutical field due to its ability to stabilize drug molecules and taste masking purposes.<strong> </strong></p><p>The phase solubility study was performed according to the method of Higuchi and Connors by adding the fexofenadine hydrochloride in excess to different concentrations of cyclodextrin solutions. Phase solubility study records show that the stability constant and complex stoichiometry of FFN-CD complexes increases linearly with CD concentration. Also, an increase in the concentration of β-cyclodextrin leads to an increase in the aqueous solubility of FFN. Complexes were analyzed by UV-VIS spectroscopy using the calibration curve of FFN. Also, UV-VIS spectra indicate a bathochromic shift which proves that complex formation has occurred.</p><p>Solid inclusion complexes of fexofenadine/β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives were prepared at the molar ratios of 1:1 by the physical mixing method. Characterization of the complexes was performed by using infrared spectroscopy. </p>

scholarly journals Dissolution Enhancement of Flurbiprofen by Solid Dispersion Adsorbate Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohansinh S. Vaghela ◽  
Samkit M. Shah ◽  
Sanjesh G. Rathi ◽  
Shrenik K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Dissolution Enhancement ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Fusion Method ◽  
Poloxamer 188 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Phase Solubility Study

Flurbiprofen solid dispersion Adsorbate (SDA) has been prepared using PEG 4000 and Poloxamer 188 as carrier and Neusilin as adsorbent material. The SDA of Flurbiprofen was prepared by using Fusion method in various drugs to carrier ratios. The phase solubility study concludes that both polymers have ability to improve the aqueous solubility of flurbiprofen. Pure API Flurbiprofen and final formulation samples of SDA are characterized by FTIR, DSC and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. X-ray powder diffraction and DSC study indicated that the drug was present in amorphous form. FTIR study revealed that the characteristic peaks in spectra of pure Flurbiprofen are also present in spectra of SDA’s. Drug found compatible with the excipients. The highest improvement in solubility and in-vitro drug release were observed in solid dispersion prepared with Poloxamer 188 (F14) by fusion method. The increased dissolution rate of drug from solid dispersion adsorbates may be due to surface tension lowering effect of polymer to the medium and increased wettability and dispersibility of drug. Hence, F14 Solid dispersion adsorbates with the Poloxamer carrier in 1:2 ratio considered as most satisfactory among all solid dispersion adsorbates.

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