Research of the Grinding Mode Applied by the Cranfield BoX Ultra Precision Grinding Machine

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 553-558
Author(s):  
Zhuang De Jiang ◽  
Shu Ming Yang ◽  
Jin Long Wang ◽  
Guang Tao Yuan ◽  
Xing Yuan Long
Keyword(s):  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Grinding Machine

In this paper an efficient grinding mode which is employed by the Cranfield BoX ultra precision grinding machine is discussed. The equations of workpiece surface and grinding wheel surface are proposed and the grinding motion is simulated via Matlab. The trajectory of the changing cutting region is discussed. The simulation results show that this grinding mode is suit to manufacture low slope surfaces. Generally, the workpiece surface is steeper, and the cutting range of the machine is smaller. The angle of the spindle inclination, the grinding wheel width and the cutting depth should be chose properly for different manufacturing capacity.

Inclined Axis Ultra-Precision Grinding for Spherical Surface

2011 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Hui Yin ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Feng Jun Chen ◽  
Jian Wu Yu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Diamond Wheel ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Alloy Material ◽  
Ultra Precision

Through establishing the mathematical models of velocity and grinding force to optimize the installation angle with inclined axis grinding technology, the spherical surface of the ultra-hard alloy material was ground by formed electroplated diamond wheel. After analyzing the abrasion of grinding wheel, the results show that the inclined axis grinding technology of the formed grinding wheel can avoid the rotation dead spots of grinding wheel, and can make the grinding wheel surface contacted with work-piece fully which could make the worn more evenly. Finally, it obtains a surface in a high quality with the surface roughness of Ra is 12.88nm, and the form accuracy of PV is 124nm.

Analyze and Verify Cutting Depth Distribution of Different Grits Size SFAP

2012 ◽  
Vol 497 ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Xun Lv ◽  
Zhi Xin Li ◽  
Qian Fa Deng
Keyword(s):  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Ductile Regime Machining ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Fixed Abrasive

Semi-fixed abrasive plate (SFAP) lapping is an effective ultra-precision lapping method. It can efficiently obtain good surface quality in ductile regime machining. Probability density function of abrasive grains cutting depth is the key factor to control removing mode. This paper verified the function by analyzing and comparing simulation results and detection results. It showed the simulation results were consistent with the detection results. The more fine grits SFAP could result in the more consistent cutting depth on workpiece surface, and standard deviation of cutting depth distribution of 4000# SFAP was only 0.0754, compared with 1000# SFAP (0.1527).

Study on Single-Plane Biaxial Balance Monitor System in ULTRA-Precision Grinding

2006 ◽  
Vol 304-305 ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
L. Zheng ◽  
Yin Biao Guo ◽  
Z.Z. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Monitor System ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Single Plane ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Surface Error ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Ultra Precision

This paper puts forward an intelligent single-plane biaxial balance monitor system, which is used in ultra-precision grinding. It adopts the method of single-plane balance correction for the vibration of wheel and workpiece. And this system can also be used for integral balance. For ultra-precision grinding, caused by the mutual influence of the vibration of wheel and workpiece, there will be a ripple on the workpiece surface, which is mainly influenced by the frequency ratio of wheel to workpiece, the feed rate and the vibration of wheel and workpiece. This system can improve the machining accuracy, reduce the surface error of workpiece and appraise the integrated machining result, by analyzing the vibration data of wheel and workpiece and adjusting machining parameters.

Characteristics of the Wheel Surface Topography in Ultra-precision Grinding of Silicon Wafers

2008 ◽  
Vol 389-390 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Feng Wei Huo ◽  
Dong Ming Guo ◽  
Ren Ke Kang ◽  
Zhu Ji Jin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
Diamond Grinding Wheel ◽  
Diamond Grinding ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Cutting Direction

A 3D profiler based on scanning white light interferometry with a lateral sampling interval of 0.11μm was introduced to measure the surface topography of a #3000 diamond grinding wheel, and a large sampling area could be achieved by its stitching capability without compromising its lateral or vertical resolution. The protrusion height distribution of diamond grains and the static effective grain density of the grinding wheel were derived, and the wheel chatter and the deformation of the wheel were analyzed as well. The study shows that the grain protrusion height obeys an approximate normal distribution, the static effective grain density is much lower than the theoretical density, and only a small number of diamond grains are effective in the grinding process with fine diamond grinding wheel. There exists waviness on the grinding wheel surface parallel with the wheel cutting direction. The cutting surface of the grinding wheel is not flat but umbilicate, which indicates that the elastic deformation at the wheel edges is much larger than in the center region.

Research on the 3-Axis CNC Ultra-Precision Grinding of Aspheric Mould

2009 ◽  
Vol 69-70 ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Li ◽  
Fei Hu Zhang ◽  
Shen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Form Accuracy ◽  
Form Errors ◽  
Machining Test ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Grinding System ◽  
Parallel Grinding

Parallel grinding is an effective method of aspheric moulds machining which is usually made of industrial ceramic such as silicon carbide (SiC) or tungsten carbide (WC), but if the spherical grinding wheel is not being with precision truing and dressing, the roughness and form accuracy of the ground aspheric surface should get worse, for this reason, in this paper, the influence factors of thoroughness and form accuracy induced by the wheel truing and dressing are studied firstly, and a new 3-axis CNC Ultra-precision grinding system which is based on the PMAC (Programmable Multi-axes Controller) is developed, through simultaneous motion of the controlled X, Z and B axis, the form errors which is induced by the grinding wheel can be improved theoretically, and the aspheric mould machining test shown that the surface roughness of Ra 0.025μm and the form accuracy of P-V 1.15μm are achieved.

scholarly journals A “Double Accuracy Theory” and Experimental Research on Precision Grinding

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Lai Hu ◽  
Yipeng Li ◽  
Jun Zha ◽  
Yaolong Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Machined Parts ◽  
Accuracy Theory ◽  
Machine Theory ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Multi Body

In the global machining industry, ultra-precision/ultra-high-speed machining has become a challenge, and its requirements are getting higher and higher. The challenge of precision grinding lies in the difficulty in ensuring the various dimensions and geometric accuracy of the final machined parts. This paper mainly uses the theory of a multi-body system to propose a “double accuracy” theory of manufacturing and measurement. Firstly, the grinding theory with an accuracy of 0.1 μm and the precision three-coordinate measuring machine theory with an accuracy of 0.3 μm are deduced. Secondly, the two theories are analyzed. Aiming to better explain the practicability of the “double accuracy” theory, a batch of motorized spindle parts is processed by a grinding machine. Then the precision three-coordinate measuring machine is used to measure the shape and position tolerances such as the roundness, the squareness, the flatness, and the coaxiality. The results show that the reached roundness of part A and B is 5 μm and 0.5 μm, the squareness is 3 μm and 4.5 μm, and the coaxiality tolerance is 1.2 μm, respectively.

Thermal Analysis of Laser Irradiation of Fused Silica

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 1960-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yao ◽  
Ya Dong Gong ◽  
Suo Xian Yuan ◽  
Tian Feng Zhou ◽  
Ji Wang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Ductile Mode ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Simulation Results

To grind fused silica in ductile mode, surface and subsurface micro cracks (SSMC) on ground fused silica should be repaired by CO2 laser irradiation before ultra-precision grinding. In this paper, 2D thermal analysis of single pass laser irradiation of fused silica was conducted, and the simulation results were discussed by comparing with the experiment results. To repair SSMC and decrease the surface roughness of ground fused silica simultaneously, the maximum temperature on the surface during laser irradiation should be controlled higher than 3280 K and lower than 3550 K.

Structural Analysis of a Grinding Machine with Linear Motion Guide Applied

2013 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1014-1019
Author(s):  
Seon Yeol Oh ◽  
Han Seok Bang ◽  
B. Y. Choi ◽  
Woo Chun Choi ◽  
S. J. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Linear Motion ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Base Side ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Linear Motion Guide ◽  
Grinding Machine

A finite element model of an ultra-precision grinding machine that can have high precision and high stiffness is constructed and structural analysis is done with equivalent stiffnesses of linear motion guides by after structural design and the deformation of the grinding machine is obtained. In order to reduce the deformation of the grinding machine that causes bad influence, structural complement is conducted by adding ribs at the lower part of the column. Also, the straightness of the grinding machine is improved by lifting that the base side of the column.

Evaluation of the Working Surface of the Grinding Wheel Using Speckle Image Analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunachalam Narayanaperumal ◽  
Vijayaraghavan Lakshmanan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Speckle Image ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Grinding Machine

The surface quality of the ground components mainly depends on the surface condition of the grinding wheel. The surface condition of the grinding wheel changes with grinding time due to wheel wear and loading. The excessive wear and loading increases the cutting force and the temperature. This in turn affects the quality of the produced component. Hence periodic monitoring of the grinding wheel surface is essential to avoid the production of the defective components. In this paper, an attempt is made to study the changes in the grinding wheel surface condition using the laser scattered images. The simple speckle imaging arrangement is fabricated and fitted into the grinding machine to capture the images of the grinding wheel after each 100 passes. The fresh wheel expected to scatter more light due to higher roughness and porosity. On the other hand, the completely glazed and worn-out wheel scatters the light less due to smoother surface. Thus, speckle image intensity distribution captures the changes in the grinding wheel surface condition. The optical parameters evaluated from the speckle images clearly indicating the changes in the grinding wheel condition. This method can be utilized to evaluate the grinding wheel condition to improve the surface quality of the component produced.

Ultra Precision Grinding of Wafer Scale

2012 ◽  
Vol 516 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Martin Hünten ◽  
Fritz Klocke ◽  
Olaf Dambon ◽  
Benjamin Bulla
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Wafer Scale ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Glass Optics ◽  
Grinding Machine

Manufacturing moulds for the wafer-scale replication of precision glass optics sets new demands in terms of grinding tool lifetime and the processes to be applied. This paper will present different approaches to grinding processes and kinematics to machine wafer-scale tungsten carbide moulds with diameters of up to 100 mm and more than 100 single aspheric cavities, each featuring form accuracies in the micron range. The development of these processes will be described and advantages and disadvantages of the approaches derived from practical tests performed on an ultra precision grinding machine (Moore Nanotech 350FG) will be discussed. Finally, a comparison between the developed processes is made where achieved form accuracies and surface topography are analyzed.

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