The Design Optimization Method of Steam Turbine Cold End in Coal-Fired Power Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 732-733 ◽  
pp. 301-305
Author(s):  
Yun Min Wang ◽  
Hai Long Ma ◽  
Xi Fu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Economic Operation ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Turbine Output ◽  
Operation Cost

The design optimization of steam turbine cold end is an important measure to ensuring safety and economic operation of the unit. Based on the universal calculation method of steam turbine output correction, considering investment cost, operation cost, cooling water expenditure and hot pollution cost, the design optimization of steam turbine cold end was carried out. An example of the domestic 300MW unit was presented to show the validity of this method. The design optimization results can be used as a foundation for the equipment selection and inviting bid documents compilation of steam turbine cold end in coal-fired power plant.

Seawater Scrubbing for the Removal of Sulfur Dioxide in a Steam Turbine Power Plant

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akili D. Khawaji ◽  
Jong-Mihn Wie
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

The most popular method of controlling sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in a steam turbine power plant is a flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process that uses lime/limestone scrubbing. Another relatively newer FGD technology is to use seawater as a scrubbing medium to absorb SO2 by utilizing the alkalinity present in seawater. This seawater scrubbing FGD process is viable and attractive when a sufficient quantity of seawater is available as a spent cooling water within reasonable proximity to the FGD scrubber. In this process the SO2 gas in the flue gas is absorbed by seawater in an absorber and subsequently oxidized to sulfate by additional seawater. The benefits of the seawater FGD process over the lime/limestone process and other processes are; 1) The process does not require reagents for scrubbing as only seawater and air are needed, thereby reducing the plant operating cost significantly, and 2) No solid waste and sludge are generated, eliminating waste disposal, resulting in substantial cost savings and increasing plant operating reliability. This paper reviews the thermodynamic aspects of the SO2 and seawater system, basic process principles and chemistry, major unit operations consisting of absorption, oxidation and neutralization, plant operation and performance, cost estimates for a typical seawater FGD plant, and pertinent environmental issues and impacts. In addition, the paper presents the major design features of a seawater FGD scrubber for the 130 MW oil fired steam turbine power plant that is under construction in Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah, Saudi Arabia. The scrubber with the power plant designed for burning heavy fuel oil containing 4% sulfur by weight, is designed to reduce the SO2 level in flue gas to 425 ng/J from 1,957 ng/J.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic analysis of heat recovery steam generator in combined cycle power plant

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Ravi ◽  
Krishna Rama ◽  
Rama Sita
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Heat Recovery Steam Generator ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Turbine Output

Combined cycle power plants play an important role in the present energy sector. The main challenge in designing a combined cycle power plant is proper utilization of gas turbine exhaust heat in the steam cycle in order to achieve optimum steam turbine output. Most of the combined cycle developers focused on the gas turbine output and neglected the role of the heat recovery steam generator which strongly affects the overall performance of the combined cycle power plant. The present paper is aimed at optimal utilization of the flue gas recovery heat with different heat recovery steam generator configurations of single pressure and dual pressure. The combined cycle efficiency with different heat recovery steam generator configurations have been analyzed parametrically by using first law and second law of thermodynamics. It is observed that in the dual cycle high pressure steam turbine pressure must be high and low pressure steam turbine pressure must be low for better heat recovery from heat recovery steam generator.

Optimum Condenser Cooling Water Temperature Rise in Power Plants

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Cooling Water Temperature

The concept of optimum cooling water temperature rise in a power plant has been introduced in this study as that which corresponds to the highest possible net plant output. Every power plant having a steam turbine exhausting to a water-cooled condenser has a unique optimum cooling water temperature rise. This optimum temperature rise may not be the minimum possible as often inadvertently assumed by power plant designers. This optimum temperature rise is a strong function of the steam turbine exhaust parameters. The author has developed correlations, which will help determine the optimum temperature rise using easily available power plant design parameters. This paper will discuss the details behind this method and show the thermal and financial advantages of designing a plant with this concept. A proper understanding of this concept will enable power plant designers to economically and efficiently size the condenser cooling water system.

Modeling and Cost Optimization of Combined Cycle Heat Recovery Generator Systems

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Zhao ◽  
Hongmei Chen ◽  
Mark Waters ◽  
Dimitri N. Mavris
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
System Level ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Heat Recovery Steam Generator ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Investment Cost

The combined cycle power plant is made up of three major systems, the gas turbine engine, the heat recovery steam generator and the steam turbine. Of the major systems the gas turbine engine is a fixed design offered by a manufacturer, and the steam turbine is also a fairly standard design available from a manufacturer, but it may be somewhat customized for the project. In contrast, the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) offers many different design options, and its design is highly customized and integrated with the steam turbine. The objective of this project is to parametrically investigate the design and cost of the HRSG system, and to demonstrate the impact on the overall cost of electricity (COE) of a combined cycle power plant. There are numerous design parameters that can affect the size and complexity of the HRSG, and it is the plan for the project to identify all the important parameters and to evaluate each. For this study, the design parameter chosen for evaluation is the exhaust gas pressure drop across the HRSG. This parameter affects the performance of both the gas turbine and steam turbine and the size of the heat recovery unit. Single-pressure, two-pressure and three-pressure HRSGs are all investigated, with the tradeoffs between design point size, performance and cost evaluated for each system. A genetic algorithm is used in the design optimization process to minimize the investment cost of the HSRG. Several system level metrics are employed to evaluate a design. They are gas turbine net power, steam turbine net power, fuel consumption of the power plant, net cycle efficiency of the power plant, HRSG investment cost, total investment cost of the power plant and the operating cost measured by the cost of electricity (COE). The impacts of HRSG exhaust gas pressure drop and system complexity on these system level metrics are investigated.

Thermoeconomic Optimization of a 1000MW Coal-Fired Unit

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 1744-1747
Author(s):  
Wei Liang Cheng ◽  
Hui Ji
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Operation Cost

In order to decrease the operation cost of a power plant, a 1000MW coal-fired power plant is studied as the research objective, and an evaluation model about unit thermoeconomic cost is built based on the thermoeconomic theory. By using the Matlab calculation tool, the thermoeconomic optimization of the energy system about the plant is presented. The results show that it is necessary to update the correlated equipment to increase its exergy efficiency in the design of the entry unit. Moreover, the exergy efficiency of the boiler is close to the optimum value, as for the steam turbine, its efficiency can be increased with the increment of investment.

scholarly journals Sliding Pressure Operation in Combined Cycles

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Polsky
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Graphical Method ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Sliding Pressure ◽  
Turbine Output

This paper describes various methods of the power plant load control and gives technical comparison between those methods. It is shown that sliding pressure control is more attractive for combined cycles than for conventional boiler fired plants. A simple graphical method to determine combined cycle steam turbine output at various gas turbine loads is proposed. It also shows that the effectiveness of the sliding pressure operation increases with the decrease of gas turbine load.

Theoretical Investigation Into Air Cooled Condenser Performance Optimization Through Parameterization for a 10 MW Power Plant

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehul Bansal ◽  
Behnam Ghalamchi ◽  
Jussi Sopanen
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Operating Variables

Cooling is a significant part of any power generation cycle. An Air Cooled Condenser (ACC) is used to condense steam vapors from the steam turbine, lower heat rejection temperature and increase the power generation efficiency. An ACC works in a closed loop with the power turbine and its performance is directly linked to the power output of the power plant. In this paper, the heat transfer characteristics of ACCs are evaluated based on condenser design theory. For a given set of operating conditions and process parameters, it is possible to have multiple ACC designs. A case study has been presented on design optimization for real world steam turbine process parameters. The design optimization has been carried out through the parameterization of ACC parameters including, tube and fin diameters, their number, fin height, pitch, spacing and thickness. Each design parameter is affected by multiple ACC parameters and operating variables, which makes the optimization process challenging. Therefore, such optimization requires very systematic methodologies that are presented in the paper. Most commercial ACCs are designed through software simulations, that perform iterations based on the design criteria set by the user to arrive at an optimum design. The knowledge and results from the paper will help designers understand the contribution of critical ACC parameters affecting overall performance and input the best design criteria. This will help the industry to design thermally optimized ACCs.

scholarly journals Combustion Optimization for Coal Fired Power Plant Boilers Based on Improved Distributed ELM and Distributed PSO

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinying Xu ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Mifeng Ren ◽  
Lan Cheng ◽  
Jun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Coupling Characteristics ◽  
Learning Machine ◽  
Combustion Optimization

Increasing the combustion efficiency of power plant boilers and reducing pollutant emissions are important for energy conservation and environmental protection. The power plant boiler combustion process is a complex multi-input/multi-output system, with a high degree of nonlinearity and strong coupling characteristics. It is necessary to optimize the boiler combustion model by means of artificial intelligence methods. However, the traditional intelligent algorithms cannot deal effectively with the massive and high dimensional power station data. In this paper, a distributed combustion optimization method for boilers is proposed. The MapReduce programming framework is used to parallelize the proposed algorithm model and improve its ability to deal with big data. An improved distributed extreme learning machine is used to establish the combustion system model aiming at boiler combustion efficiency and NOx emission. The distributed particle swarm optimization algorithm based on MapReduce is used to optimize the input parameters of boiler combustion model, and weighted coefficient method is used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem (boiler combustion efficiency and NOx emissions). According to the experimental analysis, the results show that the method can optimize the boiler combustion efficiency and NOx emissions by combining different weight coefficients as needed.

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