Seawater Scrubbing for the Removal of Sulfur Dioxide in a Steam Turbine Power Plant

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akili D. Khawaji ◽  
Jong-Mihn Wie
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

The most popular method of controlling sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in a steam turbine power plant is a flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process that uses lime/limestone scrubbing. Another relatively newer FGD technology is to use seawater as a scrubbing medium to absorb SO2 by utilizing the alkalinity present in seawater. This seawater scrubbing FGD process is viable and attractive when a sufficient quantity of seawater is available as a spent cooling water within reasonable proximity to the FGD scrubber. In this process the SO2 gas in the flue gas is absorbed by seawater in an absorber and subsequently oxidized to sulfate by additional seawater. The benefits of the seawater FGD process over the lime/limestone process and other processes are; 1) The process does not require reagents for scrubbing as only seawater and air are needed, thereby reducing the plant operating cost significantly, and 2) No solid waste and sludge are generated, eliminating waste disposal, resulting in substantial cost savings and increasing plant operating reliability. This paper reviews the thermodynamic aspects of the SO2 and seawater system, basic process principles and chemistry, major unit operations consisting of absorption, oxidation and neutralization, plant operation and performance, cost estimates for a typical seawater FGD plant, and pertinent environmental issues and impacts. In addition, the paper presents the major design features of a seawater FGD scrubber for the 130 MW oil fired steam turbine power plant that is under construction in Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah, Saudi Arabia. The scrubber with the power plant designed for burning heavy fuel oil containing 4% sulfur by weight, is designed to reduce the SO2 level in flue gas to 425 ng/J from 1,957 ng/J.

scholarly journals Swirling Flame Combustion of Heavy Fuel Oil: Effect of Fuel Sulfur Content

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyan Pei ◽  
Abdul Gani Abdul Jameel ◽  
Chaoqin Chen ◽  
Ibrahim A. AlGhamdi ◽  
Kamal AlAhmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Swirling Flame

Abstract In the present work, an experimental investigation on the effect of sulfur content in heavy fuel oil (HFO) on the gaseous emissions under swirling flame conditions was carried out. The sulfur content in HFO was varied by blending with ultra-low sulfur diesel and four fuel samples containing 3.15, 2.80, 1.97, and 0.52% sulfur (by mass) were prepared. Pure asphaltenes were added to the blends to ensure that the asphaltene content in the fuel remained the same. The fuels were then fired in a high-swirl stabilized, turbulent spray flame. The combustion performance of the fuels was evaluated by measuring flame temperature distribution, gaseous emissions (SOx, NOx, CO, CO2, and flue gas pH), and particulate matter (PM) emissions (morphology, composition, and pH). The results showed a significant reduction in the SO2 emissions and acidity of the flue gas when the sulfur content in the fuel was reduced, as expected. The reduction was more than would be expected based on sulfur content, however. For example, the flue gas SO2 concentration reduced from 620 ppm to 48 ppm when the sulfur content in the fuel was reduced from 3.15 to 0.52% (by mass). Sulfur balance calculations indicate that nearly 97.5% of the sulfur in the fuel translates into gaseous emissions and the remaining 2.5% appears in PM emissions. Ninety-five percent of the gaseous sulfur emissions are SO2, whereas the rest appears as SO3. Varying the sulfur content in the fuel did not have a major impact on the flame temperature distribution or NOx emissions. The morphologies and the size distribution of the PM also did not change significantly with the sulfur content as the asphaltenes content of the fuels remained the same.

2015 North American ECA: Lessons Learned in CA

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Savings ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Filter Clogging ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Normal Ambient ◽  
Distillate Fuel

California experienced a 300% increase in loss of propulsion (LOP) incidents since its distillate fuel regulation came into effect in 2009. The compression ignition (Diesel) engines aboard modern cargo ships over 10,000 gross tons use 3.0% sulfur Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO). This fuel must be heated to flow through the fuel lines because at normal ambient temperature HFO has the consistency of tar. Distillate fuel in contrast does not require the high temperatures, and the thermodynamics of cooling metal, gaskets and seals resulted in leaks, along with filter clogging from engine buildup scrubbing. In addition, the cost savings of using HFO are significant over the use of distillate fuel which is typically around US$300 more per ton.

Conceptual Design for an Industrial Prototype Graz Cycle Power Plant

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Jericha ◽  
E. Go¨ttlich
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Gasification Products ◽  
Prototype Design ◽  
Industrial Prototype

The gas turbine system GRAZ CYCLE has been thoroughly studied in terms of thermodynamics and turbomachinery layout. What is to be presented here is a prototype design for an industrial size plant, suited for NG-fuel and coal and heavy fuel oil gasification products, capable to retain the CO2 from combustion and at the same time able to achieve maximum thermal efficiency. The authors hope for an international cooperation to make such a plant available within a few years.

The Applied Research of Emulsified Heavy Fuel Oil Used for the Marine Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chao Miao ◽  
Chun Ling Yu ◽  
Bing Hui Wang ◽  
Kai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Marine Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Temperature ◽  
Emulsified Fuel

In order to achieve the application of emulsified fuel oil on the marine,our discussion group developed a set of heavy fuel oil intelligent online emulsifying equipment tested on G6300ZC18B diesel of the ship Ningda "6". And the experimental result shows that, when water mixing ratio ranged from 16% to 24%, emulsification reached good level to apply as marine fuel. When burning emulsified fuel oil, the explosive pressure of diesel engine fluctuated in the range of 1-2Mpa, the exhaust temperature decreased 12°Cand the outlet temperature of cooling water declined slightly, but all the parameters above are in the normal range. The oil consumption decreased by 9.7% and the emission of NOX ,carbon smoke ,and CO reduced by 19.6%,20%,35% respectively.

A Study of the Short Range Pollution Around a Power Plant Using Heavy Fuel Oil by Analysing Vanadium in Lichens

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nygård ◽  
L. Harju
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Vanadium Content ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Plasma Emission ◽  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Dc Plasma

AbstractThe vanadium content of the lichen Hypogymnia physodes was determined in the vicinity of a power plant using heavy oil as fuel. For the chemical analysis a DC plasma emission spectrometer was used. Air dried samplesof the lichen contained between 1–4 and 57 parts per million (ppm) of vanadium. The highest concentrations were found in specimens collected less than 1 km from the power plant. Lichens collected 50 km from the plant contained less than 2 ppm of vanadium.

Characterisation and evaluation of the emissions from the combustion of orimulsion‐400, coal and heavy fuel oil in a thermoelectric power plant

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rotatori ◽  
E. Guerriero ◽  
A. Sbrilli ◽  
L. Confessore ◽  
M. Bianchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plant

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ENERGY SECURITY LEVEL AFTER IGNALINA NPP SHUTDOWN

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juozas Augutis ◽  
Ričardas Krikštolaitis ◽  
Sigita Pečiulytė ◽  
Inga Konstantinavičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Integral Characteristic ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the investigation of the impact of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) shutdown on Lithuanian energy security. The system of energy security indicators, covering technical, economic and socio-political aspects is presented. The integral characteristic of these indicators shows the level of energy security. The paper analyses the Lithuanian energy security level in 2007. To make a comparison, the energy security level in 2010, after the shutdown of Ignalina NPP, when Lithuanian Power Plant in Elektrėnai becomes the main electricity producer, is forecasted. Two alternatives are analysed: Lithuanian Power Plant uses either gas or heavy fuel oil for electricity production. The security level of each indicator, each indicator block and the total security level are presented as the result. Energy security indicators, which increased or decreased after the shutdown of Ignalina NPP, are analysed, including the indicators which have had the greatest impact on the change in energy security level. The influence of Ignalina NPP shutdown on CO2 emissions is presented. Also, electricity generating costs for different types of electricity production at a different discount rate are presented.

The Design Optimization Method of Steam Turbine Cold End in Coal-Fired Power Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 732-733 ◽  
pp. 301-305
Author(s):  
Yun Min Wang ◽  
Hai Long Ma ◽  
Xi Fu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Economic Operation ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Turbine Output ◽  
Operation Cost

The design optimization of steam turbine cold end is an important measure to ensuring safety and economic operation of the unit. Based on the universal calculation method of steam turbine output correction, considering investment cost, operation cost, cooling water expenditure and hot pollution cost, the design optimization of steam turbine cold end was carried out. An example of the domestic 300MW unit was presented to show the validity of this method. The design optimization results can be used as a foundation for the equipment selection and inviting bid documents compilation of steam turbine cold end in coal-fired power plant.

scholarly journals Coal-fired steam turbine power plant using oxygen-rich air as oxidizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2053 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
I I Komarov ◽  
S K Osipov ◽  
I A Shcherbatov ◽  
B A Makhmutov ◽  
I B Kaplanovich
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content

Abstract Mitigation of harmful and greenhouse gas emissions produced by the coal combustion in thermal power plant is a topic goal. Reduction of the nitrogen oxides, sulfur and ash emissions makes remarkable progress but the carbon dioxide emission still meets considerable difficulties mostly caused by the low greenhouse gas content in the flue gas. A prospective solution to this problem may be the fuel combustion in oxygen-enriched air, which increases the flue gas carbon dioxide content. In this technology, the carbon dioxide content in flue gas is higher and this results in its easier capture. This paper presents the thermodynamic analysis results of a steam turbine power production facility that burns coal in the air with high oxygen content. The computer simulation shows that the oxygen content increase from 21 to 95.6% increases the carbon dioxide content in flue gas by a factor of 3.3 and lowers the power consumption for carbon dioxide capture by 11%. On the other side, the power consumption for pure oxygen production reduces the facility’s net efficiency from 28.54 to 21.59%.

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