Proprieties of Plain-Weave Fabrics Produced with Twistless Cotton Yarns Made by Reverse Twist Process

Properties, viz. mechanical performances, air permeability, water vapour diffusion, and wicking height of absorbed water in fabrics above level of water, of plain-weave fabrics woven by twistless yarns and equivalent conventional ring spun yarns have been investigated in this paper. The experimental twistless yarns were made by reverse twisting process which spun the yarns on the ring frame and removed the twist of said yarns by reverse twist process. The results show that a fabric produced by yarns which have twists are considerably stronger than the twistless fabric in both breaking strength and tearing strength, air permeability of the twistless fabric is approximately 23.74% lower than its corresponding fabric made by conventional ring spun yarns. However, compared to the fabric made by conventional ring spun yarns, twistless fabric fares well in water vapour diffusion and wickability.

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Untersuchungen zum Diffusionswiderstand von Holzwerkstoffen | Diffusion resistance of timber materials

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2005.0100 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 156 (3-4) ◽

pp. 100-103

Author(s):

Rudolf Popper ◽

Peter Niemz ◽

Gerhild Eberle

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Water Vapour ◽

Middle Lamella ◽

Solid Wood ◽

Diffusion Resistance ◽

Water Vapour Diffusion ◽

Wood Panels ◽

Vapour Diffusion ◽

Wet Climate ◽

Panel Thickness

The water vapour diffusion resistance of timber materials were tested in a wet climate (relative humidity ranging from 100%to 65% at 20 °C) and in a dry climate (relative humidity ranging from 0% to 65% and from 0% to 35% at 20 °c) with variation by relative humidity and vapour pressure gradient. The diffusion resistance of multilayer solid wood panels lies under or within the range of the solid wood (spruce), tending even to a lower range. This can be attributed to the loosely inserted middle lamella of the used solid wood panels, which were not correctly glued by the manufacturer. The diffusion resistance of the solid wood panels increases with decreasing moisture content and decreasing panel thickness, as well as with increasing water vapour gradient from 818 to 1520 Pa. There were clear differences between the tested timber materials. The diffusion resistance of particle composites is strongly dependent on the specific gravity. Due to laminar particles OSBs(Oriented Strand Boards) have a larger diffusion resistance than chipboards. The water vapour diffusion resistance of OSBs lies within the range of plywood.

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Hygrothermal performance of building equipment and industrial installations. Calculation of water vapour diffusion. Cold pipe insulation systems

10.3403/30242980 ◽

2014 ◽

Keyword(s):

Water Vapour ◽

Water Vapour Diffusion ◽

Vapour Diffusion ◽

Hygrothermal Performance ◽

Insulation Systems ◽

Pipe Insulation

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Effects of exposure on water relations and photosynthesis of western hemlock in habitat forms

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x76-006 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 40-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. A. Keller ◽

E. B. Tregunna

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Vapour ◽

Western Hemlock ◽

Diffusion Resistance ◽

The Sun ◽

Evaporative Demand ◽

Photosynthetic Rates ◽

Water Vapour Diffusion ◽

Vapour Diffusion

Measurements of relative turgidity, transpiration rates, and photosynthetic rates on sun-grown and shade-grown western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) were used to indicate effects of varying degrees of exposure.The sun-adapted form had low photosynthetic rates but maintained its water content under conditions of high evaporative demand. The shade-adapted form desiccated under exposed conditions, and in contrast with the sun-adapted form, its water vapour diffusion resistance decreased with increasing light intensity.

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Hygric Properties of HPC with Natural Pozzolana

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.677.93 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 677 ◽

pp. 93-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaroslava Koťátková ◽

Monika Čáchová ◽

Dana Koňáková ◽

Eva Vejmelková

Keyword(s):

Water Vapour ◽

High Performance ◽

High Performance Concrete ◽

Diffusion Resistance ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽

Water Vapour Transport ◽

Water Vapour Diffusion ◽

Natural Pozzolana ◽

Vapour Diffusion ◽

Liquid Water Transport

The water vapour transport and the liquid water transport of high performance concrete (HPC) with the content of natural pozzolana are the described in this paper. Studied properties are presented by means of water vapour diffusion coefficient, water vapour diffusion resistance factor and absorption coefficient respectively. The natural pozzolana (NP), namely natural zeolite, is used as supplementary cementitious material which affects the durability properties of the end product. The obtained results revealed the effectiveness of NP in the terms of both studied properties when used in small amounts, i.e. at about 20% of cement weight. On the other hand substitutions higher than 40% result in worsening of the resistance of the concrete to water and water vapour ingress and its movement trough the material.

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Investigation of the Characteristics of Elasticised Woven Fabric by Using PBT Filament Yarns

Autex Research Journal ◽

10.1515/aut-2015-0025 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 109-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hüseyin Kadoğlu ◽

Krste Dimitrovski ◽

Arzu Marmaralı ◽

Pınar Çelik ◽

Güldemet Başal Bayraktar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Permeability ◽

Woven Fabrics ◽

Woven Fabric ◽

Cotton Yarn ◽

Cotton Fibres ◽

Spun Yarns ◽

Cotton Yarns ◽

Permanent Elongation ◽

Thermal Absorptivity ◽

Sheath Material

Abstract Owing to growing demand for comfortable clothes, elastane filament yarns are being used in fabrics for several garments. In this study, core spun yarns were produced with cotton fibres and PBT/elastane filament yarns (cotton as sheath material, PBT yarn and elastane as core yarns). Twill woven (1/3 Z) fabrics were produced by using core spun yarns (30 tex) and cotton yarns (30 tex) as weft, and 100% cotton yarn (59 tex) as warp yarns. The fabrics consisting of PBT were washed at 100°C for 30 minutes to gain the elasticity. The woven fabrics’ weight, thickness, elongation, permanent elongation, dimensional stability, air permeability, thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity characteristics were tested and statistically evaluated. According to the results, the fabrics containing PBT and elastane filaments had similar elongation and shrinkage values. PBT filament yarns have a great potential to produce lightweight elastic fabrics.

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Combined bound water and water vapour diffusion of Norway spruce and European beech in and between the principal anatomical directions

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf.2011.091 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 819-828 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Walter Sonderegger ◽

Manuele Vecellio ◽

Pascal Zwicker ◽

Peter Niemz

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Steady State ◽

Water Vapour ◽

Diffusion Coefficients ◽

Bound Water ◽

European Beech ◽

Unsteady State ◽

Water Vapour Diffusion ◽

Vapour Diffusion ◽

Water Vapour Resistance

Abstract The combined bound water and water vapour diffusion of wood is of great interest in the field of building physics. Due to swelling stresses, the steady-state-determined diffusion coefficient clearly differs from the unsteady-state-determined diffusion coefficient. In this study, both diffusion coefficients and the water vapour resistance factor of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) were investigated for the principal anatomical directions (radial, tangential and longitudinal) and in 15° steps between these directions. The values were determined with the cup method as the basic principle. The unsteady-state-determined diffusion coefficient is, independent of the direction, about half that of the steady-state-determined diffusion coefficient. Both diffusion coefficients are about two to three times higher for spruce than for beech. They are up to 12 times higher in the longitudinal direction than perpendicular to the grain for spruce, and up to 15 times higher for beech. With increasing moisture content, the diffusion coefficients exponentially increase. The water vapour resistance factor shows converse values to the diffusion coefficients.

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Condensation of Water Vapour in the Functional Gap of Window - Experimental Measurement of Exfiltration at 15 Pa

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.820.285 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 820 ◽

pp. 285-292

Author(s):

Adela Palková ◽

Ľuboš Kamenický ◽

Milan Palko

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Water Vapour ◽

Experimental Measurement ◽

Experimental Analysis ◽

Experimental Measurements ◽

Air Filtration ◽

Climatic Chamber ◽

University Of Technology ◽

Water Vapour Diffusion ◽

Vapour Diffusion

The article is focused on the experimental analysis of water vapour in functional gap of wooden window. The experimental measurements were held in a laboratory of heat engineering of the Slovak university of Technology in Bratislava – in a big climatic chamber for synergic phenomena of heat transfer, water vapour diffusion and air filtration.

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