One-Step Synthesis of CoFe2O4 Nano-Particles by Mechanical Alloying

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Rashidi ◽  
Abolghasem Ataie
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Milled Sample ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
One Step ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
The Mean

In this study, cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized by intensive mechanical alloying of CoCO3 and α-Fe2O3 powder using a planetary high energy ball mill in air without any subsequent heat treatment. Effects of milling time on the phase composition, morphology and magnetic properties of the powders were evaluated using XRD, FESEM and VSM techniques, respectively. XRD results indicated that single phase CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with a mean crystallite size of 15 nm were synthesized after 25 hours of mechanical milling. FESEM images confirmed the formation of uniform nanoparticles and showed that the mean particle size of the milling products was decreased from 51 to 25 nm by increasing the milling time from 20 to 30 hours. VSM measurements of the sample milled for 25 hours revealed a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 52.19 emu/g and coercivity (Hc) of 831.95 Oe, which were higher than those of 20 hours milled sample.

The Investigation of Structural and Magnetic Properties at High-Temperature of Nanostructured Fe90-Mg10 Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
A. El Mohri ◽  
M. Zergoug ◽  
K. Taibi ◽  
M. Azzaz
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
The Mean

Nanocrystalline Fe90Mg10 alloy samples were prepared by mechanical alloying process using planetary high energy ball mill. The prepared powders were characterized using differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) at high temperature, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Obtained results are discussed according to milling time. XRD at high temperature results also indicated that when the milling time increases, the lattice parameter and the mean level of grain size increase, whereas the microstrains decrease. The result of the observation by the TEM of the Fe-Mg powders prepared in different milling time, coercive fields derived and Saturation magnetization derived from the hysteresis curves in high temperature are discussed as a function of milling time.

Synthesis of Nanostructured Bismuth Ferrite by Mechano-Thermal Route

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 722-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ahmadzadeh ◽  
Abolghasem Ataie ◽  
Ebrahim Mostafavi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Bismuth Ferrite ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Multiferroic Bifeo ◽  
Milled Sample ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
The Mean

In this study, multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) powders were synthesized via mechanical activation of Bi2O3 and Fe2O3 with the molar ratio of 1:1, using a planetary high energy ball mill and subsequent heat treatment. All samples were milled for 20 h and heat treated at various temperatures. XRD, FESEM, LPSA, and VSM techniques were used to evaluate the powder particle characteristics. FESEM images of 20 h milled sample indicated plate-like particles with a mean thickness of 45 nm and its LPSA results showed the mean agglomerate size of about 2.0 μm. XRD results of calcined samples showed that the BFO phase began to form at 650 °C and fully formed at 750 °C. In comparison to the conventionally processed samples, BFO phase formation temperature decreases by 100 °C in the samples produced by mechanical activation assisted process. VSM measurements of the sample heat treated at 750 °C revealed a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 0.054 emu/g and coercivity (Hc) of 412 Oe.

scholarly journals Effect of Milling Parameters on the Development of a Nanostructured FCC–TiNb15Mn Alloy via High-Energy Ball Milling

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Cristina García-Garrido ◽  
Ranier Sepúlveda Sepúlveda Ferrer ◽  
Christopher Salvo ◽  
Lucía García-Domínguez ◽  
Luis Pérez-Pozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Planetary Mill ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Milling Parameters ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Full Conversion

In this work, a blend of Ti, Nb, and Mn powders, with a nominal composition of 15 wt.% of Mn, and balanced Ti and Nb wt.%, was selected to be mechanically alloyed by the following two alternative high-energy milling devices: a vibratory 8000D mixer/mill® and a PM400 Retsch® planetary ball mill. Two ball-to-powder ratio (BPR) conditions (10:1 and 20:1) were applied, to study the evolution of the synthesized phases under each of the two mechanical alloying conditions. The main findings observed include the following: (1) the sequence conversion evolved from raw elements to a transitory bcc-TiNbMn alloy, and subsequently to an fcc-TiNb15Mn alloy, independent of the milling conditions; (2) the total full conversion to the fcc-TiNb15Mn alloy was only reached by the planetary mill at a minimum of 12 h of milling time, for either of the BPR employed; (3) the planetary mill produced a non-negligible Fe contamination from the milling media, when the highest BPR and milling time were applied; and (4) the final fcc-TiNb15Mn alloy synthesized presents a nanocrystalline nature and a partial degree of amorphization.

Ball milling for the formation of nanocrystalline intermetallic compounds from Ni-Ti elemental powders

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardeep Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Lattice Strain ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
Energy Ball

AbstractIn the present research work nickel (Ni) and titanium (Ti) elemental powder with an ostensible composition of 50% of each by weight were mechanically alloyed in a planetary high energy ball mill in diverse milling circumstances (10, 20, 30 and 60 h). The inspection exposed that increasing milling time leads to a reduction in crystallite size, and after 60 h of milling, the Ti dissolved in the Ni lattice and the NiTi (B2) phase was obtained. The lattice strain of ball milled mixtures augmented from 0.15 to 0.45 at 60 h milling. With increase in milling time the morphology of pre-alloyed powder changed from lamella to globular. Annealing of as-milled powders at 1100 K for 800 s led to the formation of NiTi (B19′), grain growth and the release of internal strain. The result indicated that this technique is a powerful and highly productive process for preparing NiTi intermetallic compounds with a nano-crystalline structure and appropriate morphology.

SYNTHESIS OF NANO-CRYSTALLINE Cu-Cr ALLOY BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 496-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. SHEIBANI ◽  
S. HESHMATI-MANESH ◽  
A. ATAIE
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball

In this paper, the influence of toluene as the process control agent (PCA) and pre-milling on the extension of solid solubility of 7 wt.% Cr in Cu by mechanical alloying in a high energy ball mill was investigated. The structural evolution and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. The solid solution formation at different conditions was analyzed by copper lattice parameter change during the milling process. It was found that both the presence of PCA and pre-milling of Cr powder lead to faster dissolution of Cr . The mean crystallite size was also calculated and showed to be about 10 nm after 80 hours of milling.

Technological Aspects of Fe-Al-Si Intermetallic Alloy Preparation by Mechanical Alloying

2019 ◽  
Vol 810 ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Haušild ◽  
Jaroslav Čech ◽  
Veronika Kadlecová ◽  
Miroslav Karlík ◽  
Filip Průša ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Intermetallic Alloy ◽  
Alloyed Powder ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Kinetics Of

In this paper, recently developed ternary FeAl20Si20 (wt.%) alloy with promising high-temperature oxidation and wear resistance was prepared by mechanical alloying in a high-energy ball mill. The possibility to speed-up the mechanical alloying process by replacing aluminium (and partly silicon) elemental powder by the pre-alloyed powder (AlSi30) with relatively fine dispersion of Si in the Al-Si eutectic was examined. The microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties after various time of mechanical alloying were characterized. The effect of using the pre-alloyed powders on kinetics of mechanical alloying is compared with the results obtained on batches prepared from elemental powders.

scholarly journals Influence of Milling Media on the Mechanical Alloyed W-0.5 wt.% Ti Powder Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Jahangiri ◽  
Sultan Sönmez ◽  
M. Lütfi Öveçoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Powder Density ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Ti Powder ◽  
Milled Powders

The effects of milling atmosphere and mechanical alloying (MA) duration on the effective lattice parameter, crystallite size, lattice strain, and amorphization rate of the W-0.5 wt.% Ti powders were investigated. W-0.5 wt.% Ti powders were mechanically alloyed (MA’d) for 10 h and 20 h in a high energy ball mill. Moreover, morphology of the powders for various MA was analyzed using SEM microscopy. Their powder density was also measured by helium pycnometer. The dry milled agglomerated powders have spherical particle, while wet milled powders have layered morphology. Milling media and increasing of milling time significantly reduce the crystallite size. The smallest crystallite size is 4.93 nm which belonged to the dry milled powders measured by Lorentzian method after 20 hours’ MA. However, after 20 hours, MA’d powders show the biggest crystallite size, as big as 57.07 nm, measured with the same method in ethanol.

Nickel Silicides Synthesized by High Energy Ball Milling

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1625-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Shun Ji ◽  
Qin Ma ◽  
Tie Ming Guo ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Jian Gang Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Planetary Mill ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Microstructure Morphology ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Xrd Patterns

The high energy ball milling of Ni-50 atom % Si elemental powder mixtures was carried out using a planetary mill. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the phase evolutions during the high energy ball milling period. The microstructure morphology of the powders milled different time was determined by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The beginning time of mechanical alloying was determined by back scattered electrons (BSE) images. The XRD patterns showed that the nickel peaks intensity and the silicon peaks intensity obviously decreased with milling time increased to 1 hour. BSE images revealed that nickel and silicon powders were not blended uniformly for 1 hour of milling. It was found that NiSi formed as the milling time increased to 5 hours, simultaneously, the nickel peaks and the silicon peaks almost disappeared. That means the obvious mechanical alloying started from 5 hours of milling. BSE images agreed with the result analyzed from XRD patterns. With the milling time further increased from 10 to 75 hours, the NiSi peaks decreased gradually, at the same time, the Ni2Si peaks appeared and then increased gradually.

scholarly journals Synthesis of the Fe-6.5% wt. Si Alloy by Mechanical Alloying

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Daniela Stanciu ◽  
Florin Popa ◽  
Ionel Chicinaş ◽  
Olivier Isnard
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Alloy Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nanocrystalline State ◽  
Compound Formation ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Si Content

Fe-Si alloy with a large Si content of 6.5 wt. % is obtained in nanocrystalline state by mechanical alloying of elemental iron and silicon powders. The mechanical alloying process was carried out using a high energy ball mill in argon atmosphere. Samples were collected after 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours of ball milling. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies indicate that after 4 hours of milling the Fe-Si alloy is formed. The powder magnetisation decreases upon increasing the milling time up to 4 hours as a consequence of the Fe-Si alloy formation. Upon heating, the DSC studies show the Fe3Si compound formation in the samples milled for milling times lower than 6 hours. Also, the Curie temperature of the alloy was evidenced.

Nanocrystalline/Nanosized Mixed Nickel-Manganese Ferrites Obtained by Mechanical Milling

2014 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Ionel Chicinaş ◽  
Traian Florin Marinca ◽  
Bogdan Viorel Neamţu ◽  
Florin Popa ◽  
Olivier Isnard
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Nanometric Range ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ceramic Route ◽  
Nickel Manganese

A sum of mixed nickel-manganese ferrites, NixMn1-xFe2O4(x=0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) were synthesized by classical ceramic route starting from stoichiometric mixtures of commercially MnO2, NiO and Fe2O3. The polycrystalline ferrites obtained by ceramic route were subjected to the mechanical milling procedure in order to reduce the particles size and to refine de crystallites size. A planetary high energy ball mill Fritch Pulverisette 4 was used and the milling time was up to 120 minutes. The ceramic and as-milled ferrites samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and laser particles size analysis (LPSA). After 15 minutes of milling the mean crystallites size for each one of the nickel-manganese ferrites is in nanometric range. After 120 minutes of mechanical milling for all ferrites types the mean crystallites size is at 6-8 nm, depending on Ni/Mn ratio. According to the SEM and LPSA investigations the milled ferrites powders consists in nanometric particles alongside of the micrometric ones. The micrometric particles are formed by multiple nanocrystallites.

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