Analysis and Evaluation on Strengthening and Widening of a Catenary Stone Arch Bridge with Solid Spandrels

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1042-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Meng Zhao ◽  
Feng Jin Chen ◽  
Jin Yi Chai ◽  
Zhen Ji Wang ◽  
Hou Lin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Arch Action ◽  
Cold Area ◽  
Uniform Cross Section

This paper examines the bearing capacity and stability of a catenary axis uniform cross-section multi-span stone arch bridge with solid spandrels after strengthening and widening, in the light of the Code for Design of Highway Masonry Bridges and Culverts (JTG D61-2005) published by the Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China. Taking the West Ulanhot Large Bridge built in cold area of Inner Mongolia in 1960s as an example, the effect of dead load, live load and temperature variation after and before strengthening as well as multi-arch action were considered. Through calculating the bearing capacity and stability of stone multiple arch bridge, compared with the results of loading test and follow-up survey on operation condition for many years, the safety and effectiveness of strengthening scheme are evaluated.

Analysis and Evaluation on Safety of Old Stone Arch Bridge Based on Current Specification

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 1178-1181
Author(s):  
Zhi Meng Zhao ◽  
Xiao Long Wang ◽  
Feng Jin Chen ◽  
Zhen Ji Wang ◽  
Ya Juan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Live Load ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Current Specification ◽  
Arch Action ◽  
Cold Area ◽  
Uniform Cross Section ◽  
Main Arch

This paper examines the bearing capacity and stability of a catenary axis uniform cross-section multi-span stone arch bridge with solid spandrels in the cold areas. Taking the West Ulanhot Large Bridge built in cold area of Inner Mongolia in 1960s as an example, the bearing capacity and stability of early-built stone arch bridge were calculated,in consideration with the effect of dead load, live load and temperature variation as well as multi-arch action on the main arch ring, in the light of current specification, i.e., the Code for Design of Highway Masonry Bridges and Culverts (JTG D61-2005) published by the Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China. The aim was to evaluate the safety of the old multi-span arch bridge through the theoretical analysis and checking calculation based on the current specification.

Evaluation and Study on the Bearing Capacity of Deck Type Concrete Arch Bridge

2015 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Hang Sun ◽  
Da Peng Chen ◽  
Ying Ping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Dynamic Load Test ◽  
Static Loading Test ◽  
Arch Bridges

As more and more arch bridges built with the construction method of cantilever erection, the strength and entirety of the bridge shall worry the designers. This paper studies an arch bridge with a 65-meter span, gives the static loading test plan and the dynamic test plan, analyzes the testing data of the displacement and strain, explains the methods of static and dynamic load test in detail, and gives a conclusion about the bearing capacity and dynamic properties of bridge. This can be referred by the similar bridge.

How Snowden’s revelations have influenced youngsters’ attitude and behaviour in the PRC and Taiwan

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-231
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Murata ◽  
Yasunori Fukuta ◽  
Andrew A. Adams ◽  
Dang Ronghua
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Surveillance ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Purpose This study aims to investigate how Snowden’s revelations are viewed by young people in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan through questionnaire surveys of and follow-up interviews with university students in the two countries, taking into account the histories and current status of state surveillance in these countries and the current complicated and delicate cross-strait relationships. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire surveys of 315 PRC and 111 Taiwanese university students (a majority studying in those places but a few studying abroad) and semi-structured follow-up interviews with 16 master’s course students from the PRC and one from Taiwan (all studying at Meiji University in Japan) were conducted, in addition to reviews of the literature on privacy and state surveillance in the PRC and Taiwan. The outcomes of the survey were statistically analysed and qualitative analyses of the interview results were also performed. Findings Youngsters living in the PRC had greater interest in and more knowledge about Snowden’s revelations than those living in Taiwan, and the revelations were positively evaluated in both countries as serving public interest. However, PRC students indicated they were less likely to emulate Snowden than those from Taiwan did. Originality/value This study is the first attempt to investigate the social impact of Snowden’s revelations on PRC and Taiwanese youngsters’ attitudes towards privacy and state surveillance as part of cross-cultural analyses between eight countries.

The conceptual metaphors in law—a case analysis of PRC Company Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Wang ◽  
Yanjun Tu
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Legal Person ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
A Company

Abstract It is said that metaphor is often than not ignored in forensic language in respect of legislation, judiciary, law enforcement and dissemination, as people think that law is a rigorous discipline and legal language is rigid, and that the use of metaphor can make the law lose its accuracy and authority. Then what is the truth? Based on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), this study aims to investigate the conceptual metaphor in the cognitive domain of law. The authors have conducted a text analysis and a follow-up review on Company Law of the People’s Republic of China (PRC Company Law for short) and extracted five categories of conceptual metaphor centering on A COMPANY IS A LEGAL PERSON, including its identity, rights, obligations, liabilities and relationship with other companies.

scholarly journals Laboratory Plate Loading Test on Calcareous Sands from a Hydraulic fill Reef Island

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
YANG WU ◽  
Jie Cui ◽  
Chang-qi Zhu ◽  
Xin-zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Hydraulic Fill ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Plate Loading

Abstract The landforms and vertical strata distribution characteristics of Yongxing Island show that the reclaimed reef island is characterized by soft upper strata (calcareous sand) and hard lower strata (reef limestone). In this study, a series of plate loading tests was conducted to examine the influences of particle gradation, compactness, and moisture condition on the bearing mechanism and deformation properties of the calcareous sand foundation. When the foundation is shallowly buried, the relative density range corresponding to a calcareous sand foundation exhibiting local shear failure is narrower than that of a terrigenous sand foundation. For the same compactness, dry calcareous medium sand has a much larger bearing capacity and deformation modulus than dry calcareous fine sand. The effect of water on the bearing capacity of the calcareous medium sand is greater than the effect on calcareous fine sand. Its weak cementation and low permeability make the initial deformation of saturated calcareous fine sand slightly smaller than that under dry conditions. The stress dispersion angle of the calcareous medium sand foundation is 52°, which is larger than that of terrigenous sand. A larger stress dispersion angle leads to a higher bearing capacity and deformation modulus than those of terrigenous sand.

scholarly journals A Full-Scale Experimental Study of the Vertical Dynamic and Static Behavior of the Pier-Cap-Pile System

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jianlei Liu ◽  
Meng Ma ◽  
Flavio Stochino
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Single Pile ◽  
Static Stiffness ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Test Technique

The bearing capacity evaluation of bridge substructures is difficult as the static loading test (SLT) cannot be employed for the bridges in services. As a type of dynamic nondestructive test technique, the dynamic transient response method (TRM) could be employed to estimate the vertical bearing capacity when the relationship between static stiffness and dynamic stiffness is known. The TRM is usually employed to evaluate single piles. For the pier-cap-pile system, its applicability should be investigated. In the present study, a novel full-scale experimental study, including both TRM test and SLT, was performed on an abandoned bridge pier with grouped pile foundation. The test included three steps: firstly, testing the intact pier-cap-pile system; then, cutting off the pier and testing the cap-pile system; finally, cutting off the cap and testing the single pile. The TRM test was repeatedly performed in the above three steps, whereas the SLT was only performed on the cap-pile system. Based on the experimental results, the ratio of dynamic and static stiffness of the cap-pile system was obtained. The results show that (1) in the low-frequency range (between 10 and 30 Hz in this study), the dynamic stiffness of the whole system is approximately four times of that of a single pile; (2) the ratio of dynamic and static stiffness of the cap-pile system tested in the study is approximately 1.74, which was similar to other tested values of a single pile; (3) to evaluate the capacity of similar cap-pile system and with similar soil layer conditions by TRM, the value of Kd/Ks tested in the study can be used as a reference.

Experiment on the Hysteretic Behaviors of Light-Weight Steel Portal Frame with Tapered Members

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 206-210
Author(s):  
Qi Cai Li ◽  
Zhen Shan Wang ◽  
Ming Zhou Su ◽  
Xue Chao Shao ◽  
Lin Shen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Stiffness Degradation ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Skeleton Curve ◽  
Portal Frame ◽  
Tapered Members

In order to study the seismic behavior of steel portal frame structures, Cyclic loading test on a 1:3-scaled model of single-story single-bay steel portal frame with tapered members has been carried out. Based on test results, hysteretic curve, skeleton curve, stiffness degradation and transverse displacement of the structure are obtained. Meanwhile, the seismic performances of the structure are analyzed from aspects of ductility, energy consumption, stiffness degradation, bearing capacity, etc. It is concluded that ductility and energy consumption capacity of this structure are poor; because of its light weight, the structure attracts little seismic load; when portal frame structure designed according to current Chinese design codes suffers from small seismic action, it has enough seismic bearing capacity.

Deflection Test on CFST Arch Bridge with CFRP Slings

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 1079-1087
Author(s):  
Guo Hui Cao ◽  
Zhen Yu Xie ◽  
Ming Cai Wen ◽  
Ran He
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Ultimate Bearing Capacity ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Bridge Model ◽  
Cfst Arch Bridge ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
East And West ◽  
Deflection Test

The ultimate bearing capacity test is carried on CFST arch bridge model with CFRP slings, and the deflection of tie-beams, CFST arch, crossbeams, decks is also tested. Studies have shown that before the sliping of 4# CFRP sling, the deflection growth of east and west tie-beam, east and west arch both has good symmetry. The deflection growth of crossbeams and decks also has good symmetry, but after the sliping of 4# CFRP sling(located at the middle of west tie-beam), the structural internal forces redistribution appeared. The deflection of west tie-beam increased suddenly, and the mid-span deflection of west tie-beam is larger than that of east tie-beam by 14.6%. The mid-span deflection of east arch is larger than that of west arch by 9.9%. The deflection of crossbeam at 3L/8 and L/4 sections are respectively larger than those of crossbeam at 5L/8 and 3L/4 sections by 13.8% and 5.3%, The deflection of 3#, 2# and 1# decks are respectively larger than those of 4#, 5# and 6# decks by 7.8%, 13.2% and 17.1%. After the snapping of 10# CFRP sling(located at 3L/8 section of east tie-beam), the structural internal forces would appear redistribution. The deflection of east tie-beam would increase suddenly. The mid-span deflection of east tie-beam is larger than that of west tie-beam by 31.7%, and the mid-span deflection of east arch is larger than that of west arch by 21.3%. The deflection of crossbeam at 3L/8 and L/4 sections are respectively larger than those of 5L/8 and 3L/4 sections by 24.7% and 22.5%. The deflection of 3#, 2# and 1# decks are respectively larger than those of 4#, 5# and 6# decks by 16.2%, 24.5% and 28.6%.

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