Preparation of Pd Composite Membrane and its Surface Morphological Changes after Elevating Temperature in Different Atmoshphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1602-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Guo ◽  
Yu Jia Jin ◽  
Hong Mei Wu ◽  
Dong Xin Li ◽  
Li Dai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Pd Membrane ◽  
Ideal Selectivity ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pd composite membranes were prepared on macroporous α-Al2O3 tubes modified by silicalite-1 zeolite. Permeation tests of the Pd composite membranes were performed at 773 K to observe the H2 permeance and H2/N2 selectivity. The H2 flux and ideal selectivity for Pd composite membrane was 0.120 mol m−2 s−1 and 450 under 0.1 MPa, respectively. The variation of the membrane surface after elevating temperature in N2 and air atmosphere was characterized in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) analyses. As a result, it can be concluded that the formation of pinholes and defects on the membrane surface can be attributed to the oxidation of the Pd membrane.

Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis to Understand the Role of Tannin-Based Dyes in the Degradation of Historical Wool Textiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1534-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalaura Restivo ◽  
Ilaria Degano ◽  
Erika Ribechini ◽  
Josefina Pérez-Arantegui ◽  
Maria Perla Colombini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract:An innovative approach, combining field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, is presented to investigate the degradation mechanisms affecting tannin-dyed wool. In fact, tannin-dyed textiles are more sensitive to degradation then those dyed with other dyestuffs, even in the same conservation conditions.FESEM-EDX was first used to study a set of 48 wool specimens (artificially aged) dyed with several raw materials and mordants, and prepared according to historical dyeing recipes. EDX analysis was performed on the surface of wool threads and on their cross-sections. In addition, in order to validate the model formulated by the analysis of reference materials, several samples collected from historical and archaeological textiles were subjected to FESEM-EDX analysis.FESEM-EDX investigations enabled us to reveal the correlation between elemental composition and morphological changes. In addition, aging processes were clarified by studying changes in the elemental composition of wool from the protective cuticle to the fiber core in cross-sections. Morphological and elemental analysis of wool specimens and of archaeological and historical textiles showed that the presence of tannins increases wool damage, primarily by causing a sulfur decrease and fiber oxidation.

Preparation of Pd /α–Al2O3 and Pd-Ag/α–Al2O3 Membranes by Electroless Plating and Permeation Measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ortiz-Martínez ◽  
M. Torres-Rodríguez ◽  
M. Gutiérrez-Arzaluz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electroless Plating ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Α Al2o3 ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTIn this work, the synthesis of dense Pd/α–Al2O3 and Pd-Ag/α–Al2O3 ceramic composite membranes was done through the sequential electroless plating technique of Pd and Ag. The precursors are solutions of PdCl2 and AgNO3 and N2H4 salts, as reducing agent. The membranes were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The permeation tests of H2 and N2 was carried out at 20 psi of pressure and at 25°C, resulted πH2=5.2x10-9 mol H2/m2·s·Pa and πN2=8.2x10-10 mol N2/m2·s·Pa.

Hydrophilic ePTFE-Based Composite Membranes for PEMFCs

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjun Shi ◽  
Bor Jang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy Micrographs ◽  
Scanning Electron

A hydrophilic expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE) based composite membrane was prepared and tested for proton exchange fuel cell applications. The composite membrane was prepared by impregnating hydrophilic ePTFE membrane with 5% Nafion solution (equivalent weight=1000). This new composite membrane showed higher water uptake (12.7%) than that of normal hydrophobic ePTFE based composite membrane (6.3%) and better proton conductivity. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed that the hydrophilic ePTFE based membrane can easily form a dense composite membrane while hydrophobic ePTFE based composite membranes tend to have micropores inside. The hydrophilic ePTFE based composite membrane showed better thermal and dimensional stability than recast Nafion membrane.

scholarly journals Influence of Lithium on Nanosized Films of Fe2O3

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Turković ◽  
M. Ivanda ◽  
M. Bitenc ◽  
Z. Crnjak Orel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metal Oxide Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural And Electrical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nanosized Films ◽  
Scanning Electron

We have investigated nanosized thin films ofα-Fe2O3(hematite) andα-Fe2O3with addition of Li, by the impedance spectroscopy (IS), the Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Combining all of these methods, and earlier obtained thermally stimulated currents (TSC) on the same samples, the dependence of structural and electrical properties upon percentage of Li added into the matrix of these metal-oxide films was found. The comparison of IS, Raman, SEM, XRD, and TSC results reveals the increase of the size of nanoparticles upon inducing 1% of Li inFe2O3matrix followed by the decrease of the size of nanoparticles in the case of samples with 10% Li, as well as the decrease (increase) of conductivity, respectively. These changes are explained by the structural and morphological changes caused by the impact ofLi+ions in the charge transfers. This material is suitable for application in the galvanic cell of second generation that could be used as solar-cells backup.

Sintering Behaviour of Nanosized HAP Powder

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dj. Veljković ◽  
B. Jokic ◽  
I. Jankovic-Castvan ◽  
I. Smičiklas ◽  
R. Petrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Calcium Hydroxyapatite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dense Microstructure ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Powder ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Sintering Behaviour ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influences of temperature and time on sintering behaviour of nanosized HAP powder were investigate in this paper. The calcium hydroxyapatite powder, with the average crystallite size of 34 ± 1 nm, was uniaxially pressed at a pressure of 500 MPa. Obtained green compacts were sintered at temperature ranging from 1000°C to 1200°C in air atmosphere at various times. According to the results of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray and FTIR analyses, it is shown that HAP compacts with dense microstructure and average grain size below 250 nm is obtained.

scholarly journals Reheating of zinc-titanate sintered specimens

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
N. Labus ◽  
S. Mentus ◽  
S. Rakic ◽  
Z.Z. Djuric ◽  
J. Vujancevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zinc Titanate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructure Changes ◽  
Characteristic Temperatures ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Dta Curves ◽  
Scanning Electron

The scope of this work was observing dimensional and heat transfer changes in ZnTiO3 samples during heating in nitrogen and air atmosphere. Interactions of bulk specimens with gaseous surrounding induce microstructure changes during heating. Sintered ZnTiO3 nanopowder samples were submitted to subsequent heating. Dilatation curves and thermogravimetric with simultaneous differential thermal analysis TGA/DTA curves were recorded. Reheating was performed in air and nitrogen atmospheres. Reheated samples obtained at different characteristic temperatures in air were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructures obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of reheated sintered samples are presented and compared. Reheating in a different atmosphere induced different microstructures. The goal was indicating possible causes leading to the microstructure changes.

scholarly journals Morphology Impact on the Absorption Behaviour of Post-Thermally Treated Tris(8-Hydroxyquinoline) Gallium Films

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmi Fariq Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Investigation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work reports on the impact of surface morphology on the optical absorption of vacuum deposited tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium (Gaq3) films. Morphological investigation was performed for films treated under nitrogen gas in the temperature range from 85 °C to 255 °C. The results of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique ascertained the formation of amorphous nanostructures. Considerable modification in the absorption behaviour of Gaq3 films was observed upon morphological changes. The results of these modifications were ascribed to the impact of morphological variations among the surface of Gaq3 films.

scholarly journals A comparison of CO2 adsorption behaviour of mono- and diamine-functionalised adsorbents

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 01010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Ashikin Mohamad ◽  
Ebrahim Abouzari Lotf ◽  
M. Nasef Mohamed ◽  
Ahmad Arshad ◽  
TAT Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Co2 Adsorption ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Adsorption Behaviour ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Co2 Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

The paper presents a study for investigating i) the effect of amination of poly(GMA)-grafted polyethylene/polypropylene (PE/PP) substrates with trimethylamine (TMA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) and ii) their impact on carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption capacity of the obtained adsorbents. The chemical, structural, and morphological changes of the aminated adsorbents were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The amination yield with TMA was 40% higher than EDA. However, the obtained adsorbent showed two times lower CO2 adsorption capacity (at 30 bars) than the adsorbent with EDA and stood at 0.6 mmol g-1 compared to 1.2 mmol g-1.

Effects of Pamidronate on Dental Enamel Formation Assessed by Light Microscopy, Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Microhardness Testing

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-648
Author(s):  
Ana P. Soares ◽  
Renan F. do Espírito Santo ◽  
Sérgio R. P. Line ◽  
Maria das G. F. Pinto ◽  
Pablo de M. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Microhardness Testing ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe aim of the present work was to investigate birefringence and morphology of the secretory-stage enamel organic extracellular matrix (EOECM), and structural and mechanical properties of mature enamel of upper incisors from adult rats that had been treated with pamidronate disodium (0.5 mg/kg/week for 56 days), using transmitted polarizing and bright-field light microscopies (TPLM and BFLM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microhardness testing. BFLM showed no morphological changes of the EOECM in pamidronate and control groups, but TPLM revealed a statistically significant reduction in optical retardation values of birefringence brightness of pamidronate-treated rats when compared with control animals (p<0.01). EDX analysis showed that pamidronate-induced statistically significant decrease in phosphorus’ quantity in outer mature enamel (p<0.01) and an increase in the calcium/phosphorus ratio in that structure (p<0.05). Pamidronate did not induce ultra-structural alterations in mature enamel as revealed by SEM and did not cause a reduction in its microhardness (p>0.05). The present study indicates that pamidronate can affect birefringence of the secretory-stage EOECM, which does not seem to be associated with significant changes in morphological and/or mechanical properties of mature enamel.

scholarly journals Assessment of implant surface and instrument insert changes due to instrumentation with different tips for ultrasonic-driven debridement

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Sahrmann ◽  
Sophie Winkler ◽  
Andrea Gubler ◽  
Thomas Attin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Background To assess the changes of implant surfaces of different roughness after instrumentation with ultrasonic-driven scaler tips of different materials. Methods Experiments were performed on two moderately rough surfaces (I—Inicell® and II—SLA®), one surface without pre-treatment (III) and one smooth machined surface (IV). Scaler tips made of steel (A), PEEK (B), titanium (C), carbon (D) and resin (E) were used for instrumentation with a standardized pressure of 100 g for ten seconds and under continuous automatic motion. Each combination of scaler tip and implant surface was performed three times on 8 titanium discs. After instrumentation roughness was assessed by profilometry, morphological changes were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, and element distribution on the utmost surface by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results The surface roughness of discs I and II were significantly reduced by instrumentation with all tips except E. For disc III and IV roughness was enhanced by tip A and C and, only for IV, by tip D. Instrumentation with tips B, D and E left extensive residuals on surface I, II and III. The element analysis of these deposits proved consistent with the elemental composition of the respective tip materials. Conclusion All ultrasonic instruments led to microscopic alterations of all types of implants surfaces assessed in the present study. The least change of implant surfaces might result from resin or carbon tips on machined surfaces.

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