Technology of the Contact Wire Manufacture for High-Speed Railways

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Sulitsin ◽  
Raisa K. Mysik ◽  
Vadim V. Morgunov
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Contact Wire ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Full Profile ◽  
Continuously Cast

The article presents an overview of possible technological schemes to produce an overhead contact wire for railways. Pilot experiments were carried out on the manufacture of a contact wire made of CuMg0.3, CuMg0.4 and CuMg0.5 alloys and having a nominal cross section of 100 mm2. The contact wire was obtained from a continuously cast rod with small section, which was subjected to plastic deformation using the Conform technology and cold drawing of the extruded rod. In the casting process, we encountered the formation of cracks on the cast rod surface and the rods breakage. The inner surface of the graphite bushings of the mold after casting the rod was studied and a thin gray layer was found on the inner surface of the graphite bushings. Areas of the graphite bushing with gray layer were studied by scanning electron microscopy and element-by-element mapping was performed with the selection of a spectrum in the sediment layer area. In order to determine the phase composition of the sediment layer it was analyzed by the method of full-profile analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern according to Rietveld. X-ray phase analysis showed the CuMg2 and Cu2Mg phases presence. This allowed us to assume a possible mechanism for the formation of the sediment layer. Ultimate tensile strength, elongation and electrical resistivity was determined. Analysis showed that the overhead wires made of CuMg0.3, CuMg0.4, CuMg0.5 alloys meets the requirements of GOST R 55647-2018 for wires made of the second conditional group bronze.

Characterization of Potential Catalysts for Carbon Monoxide Removal from Reformate Fuel for PEM Fuel Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Adcock ◽  
Eric L. Brosha ◽  
Fernando H. Garzon ◽  
Francisco A. Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Full Profile ◽  
Bet Technique ◽  
Thermal Analysis Techniques

ABSTRACTWe are developing a fuel-cell-integrated system for enhancing the effectiveness of an air-bleed for CO-tolerance of hydrogen and reformate PEM fuel cells, with minimal increase in stack cost or specific volume. This is called the reconfigured anode (RCA) system [1]. We report here on properties of several potential catalysts for this system. The materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and thermal analysis techniques. Surface area was determined using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique. The XRD results were interpreted using full-profile analysis. In ongoing work, reactivity with CO is being quantified under various conditions, using gas chromatographic (GC) analysis. The results are discussed in terms of effects of the presence of an RCA catalyst on fuel cell performance, using a small air-bleed.

scholarly journals High-resolution strain mapping in bulk samples using full-profile analysis of energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction data

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Steuwer ◽  
J. R. Santisteban ◽  
M. Turski ◽  
P. J. Withers ◽  
T. Buslaps
Keyword(s):  
Reference Data ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Strain Mapping ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Full Profile ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Point To Point

The feasibility of both high spatial and strain resolution is demonstrated using high-energy X-rays between 100 and 300 keV on beamline ID15A at the ESRF. The data analysis was performed using a multiple-peak Pawley-type refinement on the recorded spectra. An asymmetric peak profile was necessary in order to obtain a point-to-point uncertainty of 10−5. The measurements have been validated with complementary techniques or reference data.

scholarly journals Novel Ti2CuCx and Ti3Cu2Cx Carbides Obtained by Sintering of Products of Mechanochemical Synthesis of Ti, Cu and Carbon Nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.I. Nakonechna ◽  
N.N. Belyavina ◽  
M.M. Dashevskyi ◽  
K.O. Ivanenko ◽  
S.L. Revo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Copper Particle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Full Profile ◽  
Elemental Powder Mixture

Mechanical alloying of the elemental powder mixture of titanium and copper (particle size of both powdersis about 40 μm, purity is not less than 99.6% wt. %) was performed in a high energy planetary ball mill to obtainTi:Cu (2:1 and 3:1) compositions. An addition of 1 vol. % of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT, averagediameter 10-20 nm) into Ti-Cu charge results in a formation of nanoscaled Ti2CuCx and Ti3Cu2Cx carbides(containing 0.5 and 4.2 at.% of carbon and 30.8 and 37.5 at.% of copper, respectively). These carbides havesynthesized for the first time. Nature of interaction of the charge components at processing in a ball mill hasstudied on test samples using a complex of X-ray techniques. These techniques include a full-profile analysis forthe primary processing of diffractograms obtained with DRON-3M apparatus; qualitative and quantitative phaseanalysis for determining the phase composition of the products of synthesis; X-ray structural analysis to verifyand refine the structural models; Williamson-Hall method for determining the grain sizes. The Vickers hardnessof compacted (by sintering) samples with 20.1 and 27.3 at. % Cu varies substantially within (6.9-7.1) GPa. Thus,the average microhardness of synthesized materials is 7 times higher than that of pure titanium microhardness.

Development and implementation of an innovative metal receiver for the intermediate ladles of caster slab

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Turchin ◽  
S. V. Sukharev ◽  
A. V. Zabolotsky ◽  
A. V. Shestakov ◽  
A. A. Berdyshev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Converter ◽  
Intermediate Ladle ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Special Design ◽  
Continuous Casting Process ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Continuously Cast

The features of the working conditions of intermediate ladles of caster slab are considered on the example of the 27-ton units of the oxygen-converter workshop of PJSC «Severstal». The results of mathematical modeling of hydrodynamics in an intermediate ladle with different turbulence dampers of the incoming jet are given. Designed, patented and implemented metal receiver (brand REYNSTREAM / REINSTREAM®) with a wave-like inner surface, designed to improve the quality of continuously cast billets, as well as providing increased stability and processability of the continuous casting process through a special design.. Ill. 6. Ref. 7.

Crystal structure of defect-containing semiconductor nanocrystals – an X-ray diffraction study

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Buljan ◽  
Uroš V. Desnica ◽  
Nikola Radić ◽  
Goran Dražić ◽  
Zdeněk Matěj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Semiconductor Nanocrystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Full Profile

Defects of crystal structure in semiconductor nanocrystals embedded in an amorphous matrix are studied by X-ray diffraction and a full-profile analysis of the diffraction curves based on the Debye formula. A new theoretical model is proposed, describing the diffraction from randomly distributed intrinsic and extrinsic stacking faults and twin blocks in the nanocrystals. The application of the model to full-profile analysis of experimental diffraction curves enables the determination of the concentrations of individual defect types in the nanocrystals. The method has been applied for the investigation of self-organized Ge nanocrystals in an SiO2matrix, and the dependence of the structure quality of the nanocrystals on their deposition and annealing parameters was obtained.

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