Influence of Iron Powder Addition on the Structure Characteristics of Hypereutectic Grey Cast Iron

2010 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Mihai Chisamera ◽  
Iulian Riposan ◽  
Stelian Stan ◽  
Cristina Militaru ◽  
Michael Barstow
Keyword(s):  
Iron Powder ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Eutectic Cell ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Complex Morphology ◽  
Graphite Morphology ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
High Cooling Rates

Slightly hypereutectic grey irons (< 4.5%CE), solidified in resin and metal moulds, after an addition of iron powder, either alone or with Ca,Ba,Al-FeSi inoculation (double treatment) were characterized by structure. Iron powder had a role in limiting the carbide presence, while the supplementary inoculation led to the fewest carbides in metal mould samples. No carbides were in resin mould solidification, while graphite morphology progressed from (C + B) in the base iron up to the type (B + A) in double treated iron. Polygonal (Mn,X)S compounds acting as graphite nuclei, whose characteristics depended on the applied treatment, were found: larger size/low compactness [base iron], irregular polygonal with tendency to the highest size and complex morphology [iron powder treatment] and compact polygonal/smallest size [double treatment]. Iron powder has a negative influence on the graphite nuclei and eutectic cell characteristics, but favours austenite dendrite formation, as a reinforcement for eutectic cells. It has a limited graphitizing effect, witnessed only at high cooling rates. A double addition [iron powder + inoculant] appears to be an efficient treatment, with beneficial effects on both the austenite and graphite nucleation, affecting the final structure and chill tendency.

Effects of Iron Powder Addition on the Solidification Behaviour of Hypereutectic Grey Cast Iron

2010 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Chisamera ◽  
Iulian Riposan ◽  
Stelian Stan ◽  
Irina Anton ◽  
Michael Barstow
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Solidification Pattern ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
High Cooling Rates ◽  
Eutectic Undercooling ◽  
Commercial Iron

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the solidification pattern of slightly hypereutectic grey irons (CE = 4.35 - 4.45%) after an addition of a commercial iron powder, and also in a double treatment with inoculation. Chill wedges with a 0.11 - 0.43 cm cooling modulus (CM), from using resin sand and metal moulds, were used along with different thermal analysis cups (CM = 0.75 and 0.43 cm). Relative clear/mottled/total chill measurement criteria were applied. Unfavourable Mn and S contents [(%Mn) x (%S) = 0.016] and a reduced Al residual (0.0015%) led to relatively high eutectic undercooling and chill in the base iron, especially at high cooling rates (CR). With the lower CM of cups, there was more undercooling in the entire solidification range and more difference between irons. Thermal analysis and chill parameter relationships are normal, except only for iron powder treatment and resin mould solidification, where chill is higher for a relatively lower undercooling. Conventional inoculation after addition of iron powder (double treatment) showed a strong graphitizing effect, as these irons had the lowest undercooling and chill levels, in all the irons tested. It reflects the improved properties of (Mn,X)S compounds as nucleation sites for graphite [10]. This paper is the first of two papers reporting on this study.

Effect of Pressure Carbonization in Carbon/Carbon Composite Process (II)

1991 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Okamoto ◽  
T. Hosomura ◽  
K. Kosaka
Keyword(s):  
Iron Powder ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Carbon Yield ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Powder Addition

ABSTRACTWe have found that pressurized carbonization cause the increase of carbon yield and the improvement of micro structure In the case of pitch resin. While the effects of pressurized carbonization on phenolic resin are not obvious.In this study, carbonization and graphitization characteristics of phenolic resin were investigated experimentally. Phenolic resin specimens with and without iron powder addition were carbonized at the temperature of 650 °C under the pressure of atmospheric or 100MPa. Then each of them was heat-treated at the temperature of 1200, 1500 and 1900 °C respectively. Measurement of yield, density, x-ray diffraction and optical observation were carried out in the experiments. It is indicated from those results that pressurized carbonization of phenolic resin makes graphite crystallization progress and this effect is promoted by addition of iron powder.

Influence of Primary Austenite on the Nucleation of Eutectic Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Elmquist ◽  
Attila Diószegi ◽  
Peter Svidró
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Eutectic Solidification ◽  
Eutectic Cell ◽  
Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing ◽  
Dendrite Arm Spacing ◽  
Primary Austenite ◽  
Dendritic Network ◽  
Commercial Inoculant

The solidification of gray cast iron starts with the precipitation of primary austenite. This phase nucleates either as columnar or equiaxed dendrites depending on whether nucleation occurs on the mould wall or on particles and impurities in the melt. In this work, the nucleation of primary austenite and its influence on the eutectic solidification has been investigated using different amounts of iron powder as inoculants. Besides, the influence of different cooling rates was also examined. Within each austenite grain there is a microstructure, and this microstructure was investigated using a color etching technique to reveal the eutectic cells and the dendritic network. It is shown how the cooling rate affects the dendritic network and the secondary dendrite arm spacing, and how the microstructure can be related to the macrostructure through dendrite arm spacing. The secondary dendrite arm spacing is a quantification of the primary austenite belonging to the primary solidification, and it will be shown how the eutectic cell size is related to the secondary dendrite arm spacing. The total amount of oxygen influences the microstructural dimensions. This effect, on the other hand, is influenced by the cooling rate. The number of eutectic cells versus eutectic cell size show two distinct behaviors depending on whether being inoculated with iron powder or a mixture of iron powder and commercial inoculant. The addition of a commercial inoculant decreases eutectic cell size and increases the number of cells, while iron powder almost only changes cell size.

Inoculating Influence of Re-Carburizers in Grey Cast Iron

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 287-290
Author(s):  
Iulian Riposan ◽  
Mihai Chisamera ◽  
Stelian Stan ◽  
P. Toboc
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Grey Cast Iron ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Graphite Morphology ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Solidification Parameters ◽  
Potential Carbon

In laboratory experiments Thermal Analysis data were recorded and different solidification parameters were identified to characterize the inoculation effect of the carbon materials (amorphous and crystalline structure) in low sulphur (<0.025 %S) grey cast iron. These parameters are linked to graphite morphology as well as chill formation in carburized cast irons. In low sulphur base iron the difference in inoculation efficiency between crystalline and amorphous carbon materials is limited. Secondary granular carbon materials, previously used as conductive or resistive media in electric graphitizing furnaces were found to be potential carbon raisers with visible inoculation effects in grey irons, especially those from a petroleum coke origin. A controlled presence of a low amount of SiC (2-3%) is effective, including low sulphur grey irons.

scholarly journals Computational Determination of Macroscopic Mechanical and Thermal Material Properties for Different Morphological Variants of Cast Iron

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1588
Author(s):  
Christoph Herrmann ◽  
Stefan Schmid ◽  
Daniel Schneider ◽  
Michael Selzer ◽  
Britta Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Graphite Morphology ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
Morphological Variants

The sensitivity of macroscopic mechanical and thermal properties of grey cast iron is computationally investigated for a variety of graphite morphologies over a wide temperature range. In order to represent common graphite morphologies according to EN ISO 945-1, a synthetic approach is used to algorithmically generate simulation domains. The developed mechanical and thermal model is applied in a large simulation study. The study includes statistical volume elements of the graphite morphology classes GJL-150 and IA2 to IA5, with 10, 11 and 12  v.−% of graphite precipitations, respectively, for a temperature range from 20 to 750 °C. Homogenised macroscopic quantities, such as the Young’s moduli, Poisson’s ratios, yield strengths and thermal conductivities, are predicted for different morphology classes by applying simulation and data analysis tools of the research data infrastructure Kadi4Mat. This is the first work to determine the mechanical and thermal properties of the morphology classes defined in EN ISO 945-1.

Hybrid, Nano-Structurized Materials of Special Purpose on the Basis of Silicon Dioxide

2011 ◽  
Vol 484 ◽  
pp. 230-240
Author(s):  
Z. Mansurov ◽  
N.N. Mofa ◽  
T.A. Shabanova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Carbon Clusters ◽  
Nanosized Particles ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Practical Realization ◽  
Centrifugal Mill ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Complex Morphology

Highly disperse powders of complex morphology, micro- and nanostructure were obtained by treatment of quartz in a planetary-centrifugal mill of a dynamic action in the presence of different organic substances. The surface layer with the thickness of 10-70nm modifying the particle of quartz after mechanochemical treatment is a polymer with encapsulated nanosized particles of iron. Powder material from such highly disperse composition particles of modified quartz is characterized by ferromagnetic and electroconducting properties. A galvanic effect in a nanosize scale is possible to take place on the surface of particles consisting of a polymer nanostucturized film with sites supersaturated with metallic and carbon clusters. The practical realization of such structures is promising when producing highly active sorbents as well as for collecting of oil products spills on the surface of water.

Investigation and optimization of properties of sintered iron/recycled grey cast iron powder metallurgy parts

2014 ◽  
Vol 229 (6) ◽  
pp. 1010-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Abdollahi ◽  
Ramezanali Mahdavinejad ◽  
Rohallah Panahi Leavoli ◽  
Mohammad Ghambari ◽  
Mahmoud Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Grey Cast Iron ◽  
Sintered Iron ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
Cast Iron Powder

Influence of Iron Powder Addition on the Number of Primary Austenite Grains and Tensile Strength of Inoculated Cast Iron

2014 ◽  
Vol 790-791 ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kopyciński ◽  
Edward Guzik ◽  
Andrzej Szczęsny ◽  
Józef Dorula
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Primary Austenite ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
Austenite Grains ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Inoculation Treatment

The study proves that by introducing the iron powder to low-sulphur cast iron still before the inoculation carried out with a conventional graphitising inoculant, the mechanical properties similar to those obtained during the inoculation treatment carried out on cast iron with the recommended high sulphur content are achieved. The said operation increases the number of crystallisation nuclei for of the primary austenite dendrites. In this case, the iron particles act as substrates for the nucleation of primary austenite due to a similar crystallographic behaviour of the regular face centered cubic lattice The more numerous are the dendrites of primary austenite, the less free space is available in the interdendritic spaces for the formation of graphite eutectic grains, which makes the mechanical properties higher.

scholarly journals Study of Factors Affecting Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 759-768
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ramesh Patil ◽  
◽  
P. N. Gore ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Grey Cast Iron ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Graphite Morphology ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
Clear Idea ◽  
High Temperature Tensile

Tensile strength of a material is the capacity of material to withstand tensile force without failure. Tensile strength is important mechanical property of material which gives direction to use it for proposed application safely. It is very important parameter considered in designing sound product. Grey cast iron carries properties like high compressive strength, castable, good machinability, good abrasion resistance, high thermal conductivity, resist to expand under high temperature. Tensile strength of grey cast depends mainly on carbon content, steel scrap % used, inoculation, graphite morphology, cooling time. Present paper summarizes study of factors affecting tensile strength of grey cast iron. With the study of factors affecting the tensile strength of cast iron it is very helpful to achieve required tensile strength by controlling the factors affecting strength of the material. While studying and experimenting on the behavior of tensile strength, clear idea comes into the picture how the strength is affected.

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