Prediction of Elastic Properties of 3D4d Braided Composite Based on Hybrid Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Di Zhang ◽  
Xi Tao Zheng ◽  
Tian Chi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Braiding Angle ◽  
Stress Models

This paper presents a meso-scale hybrid model which is used to predict the elastic properties of three-dimensional (3D) four-directional (4d) braided composites. At first, based on meso-structural model of 3D4d braided composite and the assumptions of iso-strain and iso-stress, two analytical models are established. Secondly, a hybrid model used to predict the elastic modulus of the 3D4d braided composite is established which introduces a new factor called hybrid-coefficient Ψ, which incorporates the iso-strain and iso-stress models at the same time, the value of Ψ is dependant on the braiding angle. Comparison between theoretical and experimental results shows that the hybrid model is more accurate than the iso-strain and iso-stress models, and can be used to predict the elastic properties of 3D4d braided composites, with the relative errors around 10%.

Development of a generalized analytical model for tubular braided-architecture composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (28) ◽  
pp. 3861-3875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett W Melenka ◽  
Jason P Carey
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Volume Averaging ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Shear Moduli ◽  
Braided Structure ◽  
Braiding Angle ◽  
Analysis Models

Tubular braided composites are manufactured using a Maypole braiding machine which interlaces yarns in order to manufacture a braided structure. Braids can be produced in Diamond (1/1), Regular (2/2) and Hercules (3/3) patterns. In addition, axial yarns can be included in order to produce triaxial braid structures. Several analytical and finite element analysis models have been developed in order to predict the elastic properties of braided composites. Despite the fact that many models exist for braided composites, a comprehensive model has not been presented that can capture the variety of braiding patterns which can be manufactured using the braiding process. In this study, a new analytical model has been developed that can describe the elastic properties of Diamond, Regular and Hercules braids. The proposed analytical model uses a volume averaging stiffness method in order to account for yarn undulations and the orientation of braid yarns within the braid structure. The model presented here has been compared with the existing FEA and analytical models and has also been validated experimentally. Experimental validation comprised tensile and torsional tests in order to predict the longitudinal and shear moduli for both Diamond and Regular braid geometries. The experimental and proposed model results highlight the effect of braiding pattern and braiding angle on the mechanical properties.

Research on Fabricating Technology of Three Dimensional Integrated Braided Composite I Beam

2010 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.Y. Pei ◽  
Jia Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
3D Braided Composites

In this paper the fabricating technology of three dimensional (3D) integrated braided composite I beam is researched, including: braiding technology of 3D braided I beam preform, the orientation of fiber-tow in the I beam preform, the optimizing of process parameters of resin transfer molding (RTM) for 3D braided composite I beam, and the design of mould for consolidation of composite I beam. The quality of 3D braided composites is good analyzed by ultrasonic A-scan, void content calculation and microscope observation. The research result will provide a good way for designing and fabricating high performance 3D integrated braided composite components with irregular cross section.

Enhancement of mechanical and electromagnetic absorbing properties of carbon/glass hybrid composites with a three-dimensional quasi-isotropic braided structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 4896-4905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fan ◽  
Lili Xue ◽  
Tongxue Wei ◽  
Jingjing Dong ◽  
Juanzi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
External Stress ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
Braided Structure ◽  
Electromagnetic Transmission ◽  
Ku Band

Two carbon/glass hybrid composites with different reinforced structures were designed and their mechanical and electromagnetic absorbing properties (EMAPs) were investigated in this paper. It was found that the tensile, bending, and double-notch shear strength of the three-dimensional (3D) quasi-isotropic (QI)-braided composite were 4.50%, 9.64%, and 14.29% higher than those of the QI-laminated composite, respectively. This was because Z-binder yarns in the 3D QI-braided composite can lock all yarn sets together to bear external stress and inhibit crack propagation in interlamination. The EMAPs of the 3D QI-braided composites were larger than that of the QI-laminated composite in the entire Ku band. This was because the Z-directional glass fibers in the 3D QI-braided composite were beneficial for electromagnetic transmission. The uniform arrangement of five sets of yarns (+45°, –45°, 90°, 0°, and Z-yarns) resulted in the 3D QI-braided composites having better QI-EMAPs and QI mechanical properties in plane and outstanding interlayer performance than the traditional carbon fiber laminated composite.

Experimental Research on Low-Velocity Impact Properties of 3D Braided Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1741-1744
Author(s):  
Qi Jia ◽  
Ya Nan Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Damage Area ◽  
3D Braided Composites ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Braiding Angle ◽  
The Impact

This research dealt with the impact properties of glass fiber reinforced composites manufactured from different structures of three-dimensional braided preforms. Three different architectures of the braid structures, 4-Direction, 5-Direction and 6-Direction, were investigated together with three further various braiding angles of each architecture. The effect of architecture and braiding angle parameters upon the impact was examined. Damage morphology of the impacted materials was characterized. It has been found that the parameters affected the damage resistance and tolerance of composites evidently. 6-Directional composites showed higher impact toughness than the others with same braiding angle. Failure of the specimens with small damage area revealed the brittle characteristic of 3D braided composite.

Three-dimensional braided composites with zero, negative and isotropic thermal expansion behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 1761-1781
Author(s):  
SA Pottigar ◽  
B Santhosh ◽  
RG Nair ◽  
P Punith ◽  
PJ Guruprasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
Expansion Behavior ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Composite Configuration

Three-dimensional braided composites with zero, negative and isotropic coefficient of thermal expansion are presented based on an analytical homogenization technique. The configuration of the braided composites is worked out considering the exact jamming condition leading to higher fiber volume fraction. A total of four configurations of three-dimensional-braided composite representative unit cells were analyzed. Among these, two arrangements are 4-axes and the other two are 5-axes. Special emphasis is given on the detailed description of the representative unit cells. Analysis reveals that a three-dimensional-braided composite configuration with thermoelastic isotropic properties having same coefficient of thermal expansion along x-, y-, and z-axes is achievable. As a special case, the homogenization model is used to predict, for the first time, a configuration of braided architecture and material leading to zero coefficient of thermal expansion along x-, y- and z-directions.

scholarly journals Swelling-induced and controlled curving in layered gel beams

2014 ◽  
Vol 470 (2171) ◽  
pp. 20140467 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lucantonio ◽  
P. Nardinocchi ◽  
M. Pezzulla
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Free Swelling ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Numerical Tools ◽  
Homogeneous Beam

We describe swelling-driven curving in originally straight and non-homogeneous beams. We present and verify a structural model of swollen beams, based on a new point of view adopted to describe swelling-induced deformation processes in bilayered gel beams, that is based on the split of the swelling-induced deformation of the beam at equilibrium into two components, both depending on the elastic properties of the gel. The method allows us to: (i) determine beam stretching and curving, once assigned the characteristics of the solvent bath and of the non-homogeneous beam, and (ii) estimate the characteristics of non-homogeneous flat gel beams in such a way as to obtain, under free-swelling conditions, three-dimensional shapes. The study was pursued by means of analytical, semi-analytical and numerical tools; excellent agreement of the outcomes of the different techniques was found, thus confirming the strength of the method.

Strength Predication for Load-Bearing Lugs of Three-Dimensional Braided Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1948-1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Tao Zheng ◽  
Qin Sun ◽  
Ying Nan Guo ◽  
Ya Nan Chai
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
Load Response ◽  
Fiber Tension ◽  
Bearing Failures

Load response and failure modes of three-dimensional (3-d) four-directional braided composite lugs were studied analytically and experimentally. The objective of the study was to get information on the stiffness, strength and failure mode of the lug, as well as on the applicability of the analysis method used to predict lug load response and failure. The test lugs were manufactured with the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) technique. The test specimens were loaded parallel to the lug centerline. Two types of specimens were tested to failure. Three of them were instrumented with 18 strain gages in each type of lug. There are three basic failure modes in braided composite joints: net-tension, shear-out, and bearing. Net-tension failure is associated with matrix and fiber tension failure due to stress concentrations. Shear-out and bearing failures result primarily from the shear and compression failures of fiber and matrix. The analyses were performed using finite element method. Shell elements were used. A steel pin was modeled to apply the loading. The loading was applied with a constant force distribution through the center of the pin. A contact was defined between the pin and the surrounding lug surface. The measured strains showed fairly good correlation with the analysis results. The strain response was almost linear. It can be concluded that with correct material properties the FE approach used in the analyses can provide a reasonable estimate for the load response and failure of 3-d braided composite lugs

Research on Health Monitor for Three-Dimensional Braided Composite Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 48-49 ◽  
pp. 1389-1394
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Zhen Kai Wan ◽  
Jia Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
3D Braided Composites ◽  
Health Monitor

This paper describes two methods of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) embedded in the three-dimensional (3D) braded composite materials and acoustic emission health monitor for 3D braided composite materials condition. The paper mainly analyses the relations of FBG change and the inner straining under the stretching on materials. It is provided that the way of signal collection and processing. The experimental results proved that FBG sensors have exceptional sense characteristic. The braided angle of composites has a little influence on FBG signal. FBG embedded in the 3D braided composite materials has not more effect mechanical property of materials. According to two health monitoring methods and the particularity of 3D braided composites, the health monitoring method based on FBG much more applies to dynamic monitoring on 3D composites special field. This research provides basis for the study and application of advanced intelligent composites.

Research on FBG in 3-D Braided Composite Structure Health Monitoring

2011 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wei Ding ◽  
Zhen Kai Wan ◽  
Yong Xin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Structure Health Monitoring ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
Fundamental Structure ◽  
Monitoring Temperature

In this work, the application status and significance of Fiber Bragg Gratings（FBGs） and Three-dimensional (3-D) braided composites were briefly introduced, so were the fundamental structure of 3-D braided composites and the sensing mechanism of FBGs in them. Combined with the characteristics of 3-D braiding technology, this paper presents a primary theoretical solution for synchronously monitoring temperature and strain inside Three-dimensional (3-D) braided composites, and further analysis were made about it. It was shown by experiment that the application of FBGs in the structure health monitoring in 3-D braided composites has great potential.

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