Optimizing Performance of Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) by Addition of Sn Microparticle in High Loading as Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Bambang Priyono ◽  
Reza Miftahul Ulum ◽  
Anne Zulfia Syahrial ◽  
Stefanie Trixie ◽  
Heri Jodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Peaks

Li4Ti5O12/Sn was successfully synthesized by a solid-state method using the High Energy Ball Mill Machine as anode for Lithium-Ion batteries. The addition of various (10%, 20%, 30%) Sn-micro particle is aimed to enhance LTO's conductivity and capacity. Characterization of the sample's structure was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), which expose the presence of TiO2 rutile and Sn in each sample. The surface area of samples observed using Brunner-Emmet-Teller (BET), which indicates the different surface area of each Sn addition. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggested agglomeration and poor distribution appear in every sample. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed to measure the battery's performance. Two peaks occur as a sign of reversible reaction. The impedance of Li4Ti5O12/Sn measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the test performed before and after Cyclic voltammetry (CV), each test showed the different result for each sample. Other than EIS and CV, Charge-Discharge (CD) also performed, examinations in different C-rate were performed, and higher Sn concentration leads to lower stability in high C. The result reveals that the addition of 20% Sn optimizes Li4Ti5O12 in enhancing capacity and conductivity.

scholarly journals Electrical Response of Mechanically Damaged Lithium-Ion Batteries

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4284
Author(s):  
Damoon Soudbakhsh ◽  
Mehdi Gilaki ◽  
William Lynch ◽  
Peilin Zhang ◽  
Taeyoung Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Cell Parameters

Lithium-ion batteries have found various modern applications due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge. However, increased use of these batteries has been accompanied by an increase in safety concerns, such as spontaneous fires or explosions due to impact or indentation. Mechanical damage to a battery cell is often enough reason to discard it. However, if an Electric Vehicle is involved in a crash, there is no means to visually inspect all the cells inside a pack, sometimes consisting of thousands of cells. Furthermore, there is no documented report on how mechanical damage may change the electrical response of a cell, which in turn can be used to detect damaged cells by the battery management system (BMS). In this research, we investigated the effects of mechanical deformation on electrical responses of Lithium-ion cells to understand what parameters in electrical response can be used to detect damage where cells cannot be visually inspected. We used charge-discharge cycling data, capacity fade measurement, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) in combination with advanced modeling techniques. Our results indicate that many cell parameters may remain unchanged under moderate indentation, which makes detection of a damaged cell a challenging task for the battery pack and BMS designers.

Sustainable and Low-Cost Lithium-Ion Batteries: Nonconventional Electrode Chemistries and State of Health Characterization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoxu Shang ◽  
Taner Zerrin ◽  
Bo Dong ◽  
Cengiz S. Ozkan ◽  
Mihrimah Ozkan
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Beach Sand ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Sulfur Silicon ◽  
Material Sources

With the advancements in portable electronics and electric vehicle (EV) applications, the demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy densities is ever increasing. Battery-powered transportation is being adopted more frequently due to its potential to enable a more sustainable society by reducing vehicle emissions from fossil fuels. There has been exponential growth in the need for high-capacity LIBs in all types of EVs, including hybrid and full electric automobiles, e-bikes, and drones, as well as electric tools, cell phones, tablets, and, more recently, house storage; this growth significantly increases the consumption of source material commodities,especially cobalt. Despite its drop in price in the last couple of years due to increased mining, cobalt remains expensive, and its price increase has gained momentum again compared toother electrode materials due to higher demand. Moreover, its toxicity and difficult mining practices could result in many problems, including excessive carbon dioxide and nitrogendioxide emission along with a possible much higher demand in the long term. This provides a strong motivation to explore alternatives to battery source materials. In this article, we present a selection of our important works on LIBs, with a focus on alternative electrode chemistries by using abundant and sustainable material sources. As alternatives to traditional graphite-based anodes, we demonstrate the successful use of both silicon electrodes derived from beach sand and waste glass and carbon electrodes derived from portobello mushroom and waste plastic precursors. In addition, we demonstrate stable cycling of batteries with nonconventional electrode chemistries, such as lithium-sulfur with TiO2-coated sulfur electrodes and sulfur-silicon full cell batteries with integrated lithium sources. Batteries prepared by sustainable methods not only perform better than conventional ones but also result in reduced costs. Since accurate determination of battery state of health is another important challenge, we further present our electrochemical impedance spectroscopy-based analysis of LIBs, which could potentially be utilized in safety evaluations of current and next-generation LIBs.

scholarly journals Anomalously Faster Deterioration of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2/Graphite High-Energy 18650 Cells at 1.5 C than 2.0 C

Scanning ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dawei Cui ◽  
Jinlong Wang ◽  
Ailing Sun ◽  
Hongmei Song ◽  
Wenqing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Rate Performance ◽  
Negative Electrodes

Discharge rate is a key parameter affecting the cycle life of lithium-ion batteries (LIB). Normally, lithium-ion batteries deteriorate more severely at a higher discharge rate. In this paper, we report that the cycle performance of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2/graphite high-energy 2.8 Ah 18650 cells is abnormally worse at a 1.5 C discharge rate than at a 2.0 C discharge rate. Combining macromethods with micromethods, the capacity/rate performance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) morphology of the electrodes are systematically investigated. We have found that the impedance of the negative electrodes after 2.0 C aged is smaller than that after 1.5 C aged, through EIS analysis, and the discharge rate performance of the negative electrodes after 2.0 C aged is better than that after 1.5 C aged through coin cell analysis. In addition, some special microcracks in the negative electrodes of aged cells are observed through SEM analysis, which can accelerate the side reaction between active and electrolyte and form the thicker SEI which will hinder the Li+ insertion and cause resistance increase. In short, the LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2/graphite-based lithium-ion batteries show better cycle life at a 2.0 C discharge rate than at a 1.5 C discharge rate which indicates that the negative electrodes contribute more than the positive electrodes.

Study on the Surface Fractures of Nanoparticle Silicon Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Pan Li Ren ◽  
Xu Ma ◽  
Ling Long Kong
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Silicon Anode ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
Before And After

In this paper the fractures appeared in the surface of nanoparticle silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries was explored. The changes of nanoparticle silicon anode before and after cycling were charactered using SEM, XRD,Cyclic voltammograms (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The result indicates that the electrode cracking occured in the cycling process , the CV, EIS and discharge specific capacity curves proved the fractures could lead to the degradation of the electrochemical performance.

Experimental Assessment of the Practical Oxidative Stability of Lithium Thiophosphate Solid Electrolytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Dewald ◽  
Saneyuki Ohno ◽  
Marvin Kraft ◽  
Raimund Koerver ◽  
Paul Till ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Solid State Batteries

<p>All-solid-state batteries are often expected to replace conventional lithium-ion batteries in the future. However, the practical electrochemical and cycling stability of the best-conducting solid electrolytes, i.e. lithium thiophosphates, are still critical issues that prevent long-term stable high-energy cells. In this study, we use <i>stepwise</i><i>cyclic voltammetry </i>to obtain information on the practical oxidative stability limit of Li<sub>10</sub>GeP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub>, a Li<sub>2</sub>S‑P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>glass, as well as the argyrodite Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl solid electrolytes. We employ indium metal and carbon black as the counter and working electrode, respectively, the latter to increase the interfacial contact area to the electrolyte as compared to the commonly used planar steel electrodes. Using a stepwise increase in the reversal potentials, the onset potential at 25 °C of oxidative decomposition at the electrode-electrolyte interface is identified. X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the oxidation of sulfur(-II) in the thiophosphate polyanions to sulfur(0) as the dominant redox process in all electrolytes tested. Our results suggest that after the formation of these decomposition products, significant redox behavior is observed. This explains previously reported redox activity of thiophosphate solid electrolytes, which contributes to the overall cell performance in solid-state batteries. The <i>stepwise cyclic voltammetry</i>approach presented here shows that the practical oxidative stability at 25 °C of thiophosphate solid electrolytes against carbon is kinetically higher than predicted by thermodynamic calculations. The method serves as an efficient guideline for the determination of practical, kinetic stability limits of solid electrolytes. </p>

Experimental Assessment of the Practical Oxidative Stability of Lithium Thiophosphate Solid Electrolytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Dewald ◽  
Saneyuki Ohno ◽  
Marvin Kraft ◽  
Raimund Koerver ◽  
Paul Till ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Solid State Batteries

<p>All-solid-state batteries are often expected to replace conventional lithium-ion batteries in the future. However, the practical electrochemical and cycling stability of the best-conducting solid electrolytes, i.e. lithium thiophosphates, are still critical issues that prevent long-term stable high-energy cells. In this study, we use <i>stepwise</i><i>cyclic voltammetry </i>to obtain information on the practical oxidative stability limit of Li<sub>10</sub>GeP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub>, a Li<sub>2</sub>S‑P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>glass, as well as the argyrodite Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl solid electrolytes. We employ indium metal and carbon black as the counter and working electrode, respectively, the latter to increase the interfacial contact area to the electrolyte as compared to the commonly used planar steel electrodes. Using a stepwise increase in the reversal potentials, the onset potential at 25 °C of oxidative decomposition at the electrode-electrolyte interface is identified. X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the oxidation of sulfur(-II) in the thiophosphate polyanions to sulfur(0) as the dominant redox process in all electrolytes tested. Our results suggest that after the formation of these decomposition products, significant redox behavior is observed. This explains previously reported redox activity of thiophosphate solid electrolytes, which contributes to the overall cell performance in solid-state batteries. The <i>stepwise cyclic voltammetry</i>approach presented here shows that the practical oxidative stability at 25 °C of thiophosphate solid electrolytes against carbon is kinetically higher than predicted by thermodynamic calculations. The method serves as an efficient guideline for the determination of practical, kinetic stability limits of solid electrolytes. </p>

Ultra-high-energy lithium-ion batteries enabled by aligned structured thick electrode design

Rare Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Chao Zhou ◽  
Zhi Su ◽  
Xin-Lei Gao ◽  
Rui Cao ◽  
Shi-Chun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electrode Design ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Thick Electrode

Boosting Cycling Stability of Ni-rich Layered Oxide Cathode by Dry Coating of Ultrastable Li3V2(PO4)3 Nanoparticles

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
Qizhang Yan ◽  
Mingqian Li ◽  
Hongpeng Gao ◽  
Jianhua Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Layered Oxides ◽  
Dry Coating ◽  
Layered Oxide ◽  
Oxide Cathode

Nickel (Ni)-rich layered oxides such as LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) represent one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the pristine Ni-rich cathode materials usually suffer...

scholarly journals Characterization of the Compressive Load on a Lithium-Ion Battery for Electric Vehicle Application

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Madani ◽  
Erik Schaltz ◽  
Søren Knudsen Kær
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Cells

Lithium-ion batteries are being implemented in different large-scale applications, including aerospace and electric vehicles. For these utilizations, it is essential to improve battery cells with a great life cycle because a battery substitute is costly. For their implementation in real applications, lithium-ion battery cells undergo extension during the course of discharging and charging. To avoid disconnection among battery pack ingredients and deformity during cycling, compacting force is exerted to battery packs in electric vehicles. This research used a mechanical design feature that can address these issues. This investigation exhibits a comprehensive description of the experimental setup that can be used for battery testing under pressure to consider lithium-ion batteries’ safety, which could be employed in electrified transportation. Besides, this investigation strives to demonstrate how exterior force affects a lithium-ion battery cell’s performance and behavior corresponding to static exterior force by monitoring the applied pressure at the dissimilar state of charge. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used as the primary technique for this research. It was concluded that the profiles of the achieved spectrums from the experiments seem entirely dissimilar in comparison with the cases without external pressure. By employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it was noticed that the pure ohmic resistance, which is related to ion transport resistance of the separator, could substantially result in the corresponding resistance increase.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document