Structure and Dissolution Properties of Phosphate Glasses for Glass Fertilizer

For usage of glass fertilizer, physical and dissolution properties were investigated according to variation of the SiO2 and K2O contents in silicate glasses. In glass forming region, K2O/P2O5 0-0.24, SiO2/(SiO2+P2O5) 0-0.29 and CaO/P2O5 0-1.00 were fabricated as clear glass in K2O-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 glass system. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and softening temperature (Ts) were gradually shifted to the higher temperature range according to increase of SiO2 contents. The K2O contents, which could cause the structure change from network structure to polymeric chain structure, have direct proportion with the thermal expansion coefficient and inverse proportion with Tg and Ts. The change of the K2O/P2O5 ratio was a main factor to control chemical durability and physical properties such as density and hardness. In the abnormal glass properties such as fast dissolution in aqueous solution, it was presented that the glass can be a good candidate for agriculture fertilizer.

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Preparation of K2O-CaO-P2O5 Eco-Glass Fertilizers and Effect in Crops

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.407 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 486-487 ◽

pp. 407-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hoi Kwan Lee ◽

Sheng Jian Hwang ◽

Won Ho Kang

Keyword(s):

Glass Composition ◽

Phosphate Glasses ◽

Melt Quenching ◽

Ph Values ◽

Dissolution Properties ◽

Quenching Process ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

Icp Analysis ◽

Glass Compositions ◽

Main Factor

For the application of environment conscious glass-fertilizer, K2O-CaO-P2O5 glasses were fabricated by melt-quenching process, and the dissolution properties of these glasses were investigated using pH meter and ICP analyzer. Additionally, the fertilizer effects on rice culture were evaluated. The pH values depended on the glass compositions, and the ICP analysis confirmed that the dissolution amount was inversely proportional to the change of the K2O/P2O5 ratio, which was a main factor in controlling chemical durability, and which could be controlled by mother glass composition. The results of their application to rice plants indicated that the growth and quantity were similar to those used in chemical fertilizer. Therefore, the phosphate glasses are expected to provide the slow-releasing nutrient fertilizers that are easy to produce, environmentally safe, and widely applicable.

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Effect of Temperature on Column Bioleaching of a Refractory Gold Ore

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.825.352 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 825 ◽

pp. 352-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zeng Ling Wu ◽

Zhong Sheng Huang ◽

Ren Man Ruan ◽

Shui Ping Zhong ◽

Brenda K.C. Chan

Keyword(s):

Sulfide Oxidation ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Low Grade ◽

Key Factors ◽

Gold Extraction ◽

Gold Ores ◽

Fraction Distribution ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Liberation Analysis ◽

Main Factor

Low-grade, finely disseminated refractory sulfide gold ores associated with high arsenic are ubiquitous resources all over the world. Since heap bio-oxidation is an economic and promising biotechnology to recover gold, low grade, high organic carbon and arsenic bearing gold ores from Zhesang Mines in China were chosen for this purpose to study the key factors that would affect biooxidation. Pyrite and arsenopyrite (particle size 0.002-0.22 mm) were the main minerals from Mineral Liberation Analysis (MLA). Column biooxidation and cyanidation of mineral size < 10 mm were evaluated for its potential for gold extraction. Results showed that temperature was the main factor influencing sulfide oxidation. 58-67 % of sulfide was oxidized at 35-45°C after > 240 days of biooxidation with mixed mesophiles, while higher sulfide-S dissolution (77%) was obtained at 60°C. Sulfide-S fraction distribution revealed higher mineral decomposition, finer fractions and eventually higher sulfide oxidation at 60°C. Jarosite and scorodite were found from the residues at 60°C by SEM and EDX, which implies higher temperature accelerated arsenic precipitation. No elemental sulfur was detected during the biooxidation at 35-60°C. After bio-oxidation, column cyanidation was successfully demonstrated recovery of gold from the residues, with gold extraction rate reaching 66%.

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Synthesis of β-amino-α-ferrocenyl alcohols

Journal of Chemical Research ◽

10.3184/030823405774909351 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2005 (11) ◽

pp. 712-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hai-Ying Zhao ◽

Zhan-Xi Bian ◽

Bao-Guo Li

Keyword(s):

Lithium Aluminum Hydride ◽

Aluminum Hydride ◽

Chain Structure ◽

Lithium Aluminum ◽

Polymeric Chain ◽

X Ray ◽

H Nmr ◽

Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽

Trimethylsilyl Ethers ◽

New Compounds

β-Amino-α-ferrocenyl alcohols [FcC(OH)(R)CH2NH2] (R = Me, Et, nPr, iPr, Ph, p-MeOC6H4, o-ClC6H4, m-ClC6H4, p-ClC6H4, Fc; Fc = C5H4FeC5H5) were prepared by the reduction of cyanohydrin trimethylsilyl ethers of acylferrocenes with lithium aluminum hydride. All new compounds were characterised by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The X-ray crystal structure of β-amino-α,α-diferrocenylethanol shows that it has a polymeric chain structure with hydrogen bonding interactions between the OH proton and the N of NH2.

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catena-Poly[[trimethyltin(IV)]-μ-methylphenylphosphinato-κ2O:O′]

IUCrData ◽

10.1107/s2414314617014420 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Chunhua Fu ◽

Rufen Zhang ◽

Shaoliang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Coordination Polymer ◽

Title Compound ◽

Sodium Ethoxide ◽

Chain Structure ◽

Polymeric Chain ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Trigonal Bipyramidal ◽

Trimethyltin Chloride ◽

Distorted Trigonal Bipyramidal

A new trimethyltin(IV) coordination polymer, [Sn(CH3)3(C7H8O2P)], has been prepared by treatment of methylphenylphosphinic acid and trimethyltin chloride with sodium ethoxide in methanol. In the solid state, the title compound adopts an infinite one-dimensional polymeric chain structure with each SnIVatom adopting a distorted trigonal–bipyramidal geometry.

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Crystal structure of a polymeric calcium levulinate dihydrate:catena-poly[[diaquacalcium]-bis(μ2-4-oxobutanoato)]

Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications ◽

10.1107/s2056989015006696 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 (5) ◽

pp. 494-497

Author(s):

Ananda S. Amarasekara ◽

Dominique T. Sterling-Wells ◽

Carlos Ordonez ◽

Marie-Josiane Ohoueu ◽

Marina S. Fonari

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Bonds ◽

Rotation Axis ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Axial Direction ◽

Chain Structure ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Polymeric Chain ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Carboxylate Ligands ◽

Length Range

In the title calcium levulinate complex, [Ca(C5H7O3)2(H2O)2]n, the Ca2+ion lies on a twofold rotation axis and is octacoordinated by two aqua ligands and six O atoms from four symmetry-related carboxylate ligands, giving a distorted square-antiprismatic coordination stereochemistry [Ca—O bond-length range = 2.355 (1)–2.599 (1) Å]. The levulinate ligands act both in a bidentate carboxylO,O′-chelate mode and in a bridging mode through one carboxyl O atom with an inversion-related Ca2+atom, giving a Ca...Ca separation of 4.0326 (7) Å. A coordination polymeric chain structure is generated, extending along thec-axial direction. The coordinating water molecules act as double donors and participate in intra-chain O—H...O hydrogen bonds with carboxyl O atoms, and in inter-chain O—H...O hydrogen bonds with carbonyl O atoms, thus forming an overall three-dimensional structure.

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STRUCTURAL AND CORROSION PROPERTIES OF SODIUM-CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE GLASSES

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979203023501 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (31n32) ◽

pp. 5849-5854 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. SIMON

Keyword(s):

Composition Range ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Phosphate Glasses ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Corrosion Properties ◽

Glass Transition Temperatures ◽

Glass Stability ◽

Sodium Calcium ◽

Dissolution Properties ◽

Activation Energy Of Crystallization

Various compositions of x CaO ·(70-x) P 2 O 5·30 Na 2 O glasses (0≤x≤30% mol%) are investigated in order to estimate glass formation, glass stability and activation energy of crystallization as well as dissolution properties of samples. Transparent vitreous samples were obtained in the entire composition range from 40 to 70 mol% P 2 O 5. The glass transition temperatures and crystallization temperatures increased with CaO content. Dissolution properties in distilled water and simulated biological fluids were measured. The dissolution rate increases with the extent of substitution of P 2 O 5 by CaO in samples.

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Atomic structure and dissolution properties of yttrium-containing phosphate glasses

International Journal of Applied Glass Science ◽

10.1111/ijag.12325 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 412-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yidong Fu ◽

Jamieson K. Christie

Keyword(s):

Atomic Structure ◽

Phosphate Glasses ◽

Dissolution Properties

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Complex Formation and Chain Structure in the Polymerization of Divinyl with Butyllithium

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3542182 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 636-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. A. Kropachev ◽

B. A. Dolgoplosk ◽

N. I. Nikolaev

Keyword(s):

Direct Relationship ◽

Complex Mixture ◽

Large Degree ◽

Chain Structure ◽

Oxidation Products ◽

Polymerization Process ◽

Polymeric Chain ◽

Chain Growth ◽

Catalytic Complex ◽

Organolithium Compounds

Abstract It has been established by a number of studies that the chain structure in the catalytic polymerization of monoolefins and dienes is determined to a large degree by the nature of the catalytic complex, participating in the polymerization process. Also it was shown that the initial catalytic complex bears a direct relationship to each elementary act of the chain growth. The isolation of organolithium compounds in the pure state is associated with great experimental difficulties. Together with the formation of the organometal compounds the possibility of a complex mixture of their oxidation products being formed is not excluded. To elucidate the influence of the indicated oxidation products on the chain structure in the polymerization of butadiene it seemed expedient to investigate the influence of oxygen. As the result of the investigation made by us it was established that in the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene with organolithium compounds the introduction of comparatively small amounts of oxygen into the system leads to a substantial increase in the number of 1,2 units in the polybutadiene at the expense of a reduction in the number of 1,4 units. The addition of either alcohol or phenol exerts a similar influence on the structure of the polymeric chain (Table 1).

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The Effect of Conformational Rigidity on Several Physical Properties of Polymers

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1088/0954-0083/10/3/007 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 309-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

I A Ronova ◽

S S A Pavlova

Keyword(s):

Friction Coefficient ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Polymer Chain ◽

Fire Resistance ◽

Elasticity Modulus ◽

Softening Temperature ◽

Polymeric Chain ◽

Conformational Rigidity ◽

Luminescence Yield ◽

Quantum Luminescence Yield

The phenomenological dependences of several physical properties such as the softening temperature, friction coefficient, elasticity modulus, fire-resistance parameters and quantum luminescence yield on the conformational rigidity of a polymeric chain are revealed for polyheteroarylenes. The contribution of the conformational rigidity of a polymer chain to the physical properties of this class of polymers is shown to be significant. It should be taken into account in estimation of the above-mentioned properties together with the contribution of intermolecular interactions.

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