Oxygen Reduction on Carbon Cryogel-Supported Pt Nanoparticles in Acid Media

2006 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Lj.M. Gajić-Krstajić ◽  
T.Lj. Trišović ◽  
B. Babić ◽  
Lj.M. Vračar
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Polyol Synthesis ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Carbon Cryogel ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of oxygen reduction (ORR) on carbon cryogel supported Pt nanoparticles (Pt / C) in acid solution was studied using the rotating disk electrode technique. This electrocatalyst was prepared by a modified polyol synthesis method and characterized by transmission electron microscopies. The kinetics of ORR shows a significant enhancement at Pt nanoparticle surfaces as compared with the same reaction on polycrystalline Pt surface. The four-electron reduction, with a first-charge transfer-rate determining step, has been found to be operative. However, the specific activity of the Pt / C is similar to that of the polycrystalline Pt electrocatalyst.

scholarly journals Pt nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped porous carbon as efficient oxygen reduction catalysts synthesized via a simple alcohol reduction method

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Tachibana ◽  
Yasuyuki Yukawa ◽  
Kazuo Morikawa ◽  
Masahiro Kawaguchi ◽  
Kengo Shimanoe
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Alcohol Reduction

Abstract Pt nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC) were investigated as both a highly active catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and a suitable porous support structure. Pt/NPC catalysts with loadings of 8.8–35.4 wt.% were prepared via a simple alcohol reduction method and exhibited homogeneously dispersed Pt nanoparticles with a small mean size ranging from 1.90 to 2.99 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement suggested the presence of strong interactions between the Pt nanoparticles and NPC support. 27.4% Pt/NPC demonstrated high catalytic activity for the ORR in a rotating disk electrode system and was also effectively applied to a gas diffusion electrode (GDE). A GDE fabricated using the Pt/NPC with a fine pore network exhibited excellent performance, especially at high current densities. Specific activity of Pt/NPC and Pt/carbon black catalysts for the ORR correlated with the peak potential of adsorbed OH reduction on Pt, which was dependent on the particle size and support. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Characterization of a surface modified carbon cryogel and a carbon supported pt catalyst

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 773-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Babic ◽  
Branka Kaludjerovic ◽  
Ljiljana Vracar ◽  
Velimir Radmilovic ◽  
Nedeljko Krstajic
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Polyol Synthesis ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Oxidized Carbon ◽  
Carbon Cryogel

A carbon cryogel, synthesized by carbonization of a resorcinol/formaldehyde cryogel and oxidized in nitric acid, was used as catalyst support for Pt nanoparticles. The Pt/C catalyst was prepared by a modified polyol synthesis method in an ethylene glycol (EG) solution. Characterization by nitrogen adsorption showed that the carbon cryogel support and the Pt/C catalyst were mesoporous materials with high specific surface areas (Sbet>400 m2 g-1) and large mesoporous volumes. X-Ray diffraction of the catalyst demonstrated the successful reduction of the Pt precursor to metallic form. TEM Images of the Pt/C catalyst and Pt particle size distribution showed that the mean Pt particle size was about 3.3 nm. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments at various scan rates (from 2 to 200 mV s-1) were performed in 0.5 mol dm-3 HClO4 solution. The large capacitance of the oxidized carbon cryogel electrode, which arises from a combination of the double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance, associated with the participation of surface redox-type reactions was demonstrated. For the oxidized carbon cryogel, the total specific capacitance determined by 1/C vs. v0.5 extrapolation method was found to be 386 F g-1. The hydrogen oxidation reaction at the investigated Pt/C catalyst proceeded as an electrochemically reversible, two-electron direct discharge reaction. .

Catalytic Activity of Tetranitro-Copper Phthalocyanine Supported on Carbon Nanotubes towards Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ying Chen ◽  
Ke Zhi Li ◽  
He Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Phase Synthesis

Acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (AF-MWCNT)-supported tetranitro-copper phthalocyanine (TNCuPc) assemblies were prepared by solid phase synthesis method. The products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and XRD. The electrocatalytic activity of the obtained AF-MWCNT-supported TNCuPc assemblies was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques in an oxygen-saturated 0.1 M KOH. The results showed that the catalytic activity of TNCuPc/AF-MWCNTs towards oxygen reduction was a two-step, two-electron process for oxygen reduction.

scholarly journals Pt monolayer shell on hollow Pd core electrocatalysts: Scale up synthesis, structure, and activity for the oxygen reduction reaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 1983-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miomir Vukmirovic ◽  
Zhang Yu ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
David Buceta ◽  
Lijun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Lattice Contraction ◽  
Hollow Nanoparticles ◽  
Orr Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

We report on synthesis, characterization and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics of Pt monolayer shell on Pd(hollow), or Pd-Au(hollow) core electrocatalysts. Comparison between the ORR catalytic activity of the electrocatalysts with hollow cores and those of Pt solid and Pt hollow nanoparticles has been obtained using the rotating disk electrode technique. Hollow nanoparticles were made using Ni or Cu nanoparticles as sacrificial templates. The Pt ORR specific and mass activities of the electrocatalysts with hollow cores were found considerably higher than those of the electrocatalysts with the solid cores. We attribute this enhanced Pt activity to the smooth surface morphology and hollow-induced lattice contraction, in addition to the mass-saving geometry of hollow particles.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Preparation and Design for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3858
Author(s):  
Monica Dan ◽  
Adriana Vulcu ◽  
Sebastian A. Porav ◽  
Cristian Leostean ◽  
Gheorghe Borodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Characterization Techniques ◽  
Doped Graphene

Four N-doped graphene materials with a nitrogen content ranging from 8.34 to 13.1 wt.% are prepared by the ball milling method. This method represents an eco-friendly mechanochemical process that can be easily adapted for industrial-scale productivity and allows both the exfoliation of graphite and the synthesis of large quantities of functionalized graphene. These materials are characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry measurements, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy, and then, are tested towards the oxygen reduction reaction by cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode methods. Their responses towards ORR are analysed in correlation with their properties and use for the best ORR catalyst identification. However, even though the mechanochemical procedure and the characterization techniques are clean and green methods (i.e., water is the only solvent used for these syntheses and investigations), they are time consuming and, generally, a low number of materials can be prepared, characterized and tested. In order to eliminate some of these limitations, the use of regression learner and reverse engineering methods are proposed for facilitating the optimization of the synthesis conditions and the materials’ design. Thus, the machine learning algorithms are applied to data containing the synthesis parameters, the results obtained from different characterization techniques and the materials response towards ORR to quickly provide predictions that allow the best synthesis conditions or the best electrocatalysts’ identification.

Methanol-Tolerant Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Pt–Pd/C Alloy Nanocatalysts

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mary Remona ◽  
K. L. N. Phani
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Methanol Tolerance ◽  
Pd Catalysts ◽  
Onset Potential ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Tolerant

Carbon-supported platinum and Pt–Pd alloy electrocatalysts with different Pt/Pd atomic ratios were synthesized by a microemulsion method at room temperature (metal loading is 10 wt %). The Pt–Pd/C bimetallic catalysts showed a single-phase fcc structure and the mean particle size of Pt–Pd/C catalysts was found to be lower than that of Pt/C. The methanol-tolerant studies of the catalysts were carried out by activity evaluation of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on Pt–Pd catalysts using a rotating disk electrode (RDE). The studies indicated that the order of methanol tolerance was found to be PtPd3/C>PtPd/C>Pt3Pd/C. The oxygen reduction activities of all Pt–Pd/C were considerably larger than that of Pt/C with respect to onset and overpotential values. The Pd-loaded catalysts shift the onset potential of ORR by 125 mVMSE, 53 mVMSE, and 41 mVMSE to less cathodic potentials for Pt3Pd/C, PtPd/C, and PtPd3/C, respectively, with reference to Pt/C and the Pt3Pd/C catalyst showed greater shift in the onset value than the other PtPd catalysts reported in literature. Moreover, the Pt–Pd/C catalysts exhibited much higher methanol tolerance during ORR than the Pt/C, assessing that these catalysts may function as a methanol-tolerant cathode catalysts in a direct methanol fuel cell.

Ethanol: Tolerant Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts in Alkaline Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakkrapong Chaiburi ◽  
Bernd Cermenek ◽  
Birgit Elvira Pichler ◽  
Christoph Grimmer ◽  
Viktor Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

This paper describes electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs), using the non-noble metal electrocatalyst Ag/C, MnO2/C and AgMnO2/C. These electrocatalysts showed tolerance toward ethanol in alkaline media and therefore resistance to ethanol crossover in ADEFCs. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), cyclic voltammetry, and rotating disk electrode (RDE) were employed to determine the morphology, composition, and electrochemical activity of the catalysts. The herein presented results confirm that the AgMnO2/C electrocatalyst significantly outperforms the state-of-the art ORR catalyst platinum.

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